This PR removes usages of `consul/sdk/testutil/retry`, as part of the
ongoing effort to remove use of any non-API module from Consul.
There is one remanining usage in the helper/freeport package, but that
will get removed as part of #15589
* Divest api/ package of deps elsewhere in the nomad repo.
This will allow making api/ a module without then pulling in the
external repo, leading to a package name conflict.
This required some migration of tests to an apitests/ folder (can be
moved anywhere as it has no deps on it). It also required some
duplication of code, notably some test helpers from api/ -> apitests/
and part (but not all) of testutil/ -> api/testutil/.
Once there's more separation and an e.g. sdk/ folder those can be
removed in favor of a dep on the sdk/ folder, provided the sdk/ folder
doesn't depend on api/ or /.
* Also remove consul dep from api/ package
* Fix stupid linters
* Some restructuring
