Update history log

Bump version to 2.6.0
Update history
2026-01-02 00:05:42 +03:00 · 2013-11-25 10:25:39 -05:00 · 2013-11-25 10:24:30 -05:00 · 2013-11-11 09:02:32 -05:00 · 2013-10-10 10:59:26 -04:00 · 2013-10-10 10:22:35 -04:00
182 changed files with 4689 additions and 12816 deletions
--- a/.github/probots.yml
+++ b/.github/probots.yml
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-enabled:
-  - cla
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -5,6 +5,3 @@ pkg
 *.rbc
 .rvmrc
 .ruby-version
-Gemfile.lock
-.bundle
-.byebug_history
--- a/.rubocop-https---shopify-github-io-ruby-style-guide-rubocop-yml
+++ b/.rubocop-https---shopify-github-io-ruby-style-guide-rubocop-yml
--- a/.rubocop.yml
+++ b/.rubocop.yml
@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-inherit_from:
-  - 'https://shopify.github.io/ruby-style-guide/rubocop.yml'
-  - .rubocop_todo.yml
-
-require: rubocop-performance
-
-Performance:
-  Enabled: true
-
-AllCops:
-  TargetRubyVersion: 2.4
-  Exclude:
-    - 'vendor/bundle/**/*'
-
-Naming/MethodName:
-  Exclude:
-    - 'example/server/liquid_servlet.rb'
--- a/.rubocop_todo.yml
+++ b/.rubocop_todo.yml
@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
-# This configuration was generated by
-# `rubocop --auto-gen-config`
-# on 2019-09-11 06:34:25 +1000 using RuboCop version 0.74.0.
-# The point is for the user to remove these configuration records
-# one by one as the offenses are removed from the code base.
-# Note that changes in the inspected code, or installation of new
-# versions of RuboCop, may require this file to be generated again.
-
-# Offense count: 2
-# Cop supports --auto-correct.
-# Configuration parameters: EnforcedStyle.
-# SupportedStyles: runtime_error, standard_error
-Lint/InheritException:
-  Exclude:
-    - 'lib/liquid/interrupts.rb'
-
-# Offense count: 98
-# Cop supports --auto-correct.
-# Configuration parameters: AutoCorrect, AllowHeredoc, AllowURI, URISchemes, IgnoreCopDirectives, IgnoredPatterns.
-# URISchemes: http, https
-Layout/LineLength:
-  Max: 294
-
-# Offense count: 44
-Naming/ConstantName:
-  Exclude:
-    - 'lib/liquid.rb'
-    - 'lib/liquid/block_body.rb'
-    - 'lib/liquid/tags/assign.rb'
-    - 'lib/liquid/tags/capture.rb'
-    - 'lib/liquid/tags/case.rb'
-    - 'lib/liquid/tags/cycle.rb'
-    - 'lib/liquid/tags/for.rb'
-    - 'lib/liquid/tags/if.rb'
-    - 'lib/liquid/tags/include.rb'
-    - 'lib/liquid/tags/raw.rb'
-    - 'lib/liquid/tags/table_row.rb'
-    - 'lib/liquid/variable.rb'
-    - 'performance/shopify/comment_form.rb'
-    - 'performance/shopify/paginate.rb'
-    - 'test/integration/tags/include_tag_test.rb'
-
-# Offense count: 5
-Style/ClassVars:
-  Exclude:
-    - 'lib/liquid/condition.rb'
-    - 'lib/liquid/strainer.rb'
-    - 'lib/liquid/template.rb'
--- a/.travis.yml
+++ b/.travis.yml
@@ -1,26 +1,13 @@
-language: ruby
-cache: bundler
-
 rvm:
-  - 2.4
-  - 2.5
-  - 2.6
-  - &latest_ruby 2.7
-  - ruby-head
+  - 1.8.7
+  - 1.9.3
+  - ree
+  - jruby-18mode
+  - jruby-19mode
+  - rbx-18mode
+  - rbx-19mode

-matrix:
-  include:
-    - rvm: *latest_ruby
-      script: bundle exec rake memory_profile:run
-      name: Profiling Memory Usage
-  allow_failures:
-    - rvm: ruby-head
-
-branches:
-  only:
-    - master
-    - gh-pages
-    - /.*-stable/
+script: "rake test"

 notifications:
  disable: true
--- a/CONTRIBUTING.md
+++ b/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -4,22 +4,23 @@

 * Bugfixes
 * Performance improvements
-* Features that are likely to be useful to the majority of Liquid users
+* Features which are likely to be useful to the majority of Liquid users

 ## Things we won't merge

-* Code that introduces considerable performance degrations
-* Code that touches performance-critical parts of Liquid and comes without benchmarks
-* Features that are not important for most people (we want to keep the core Liquid code small and tidy)
-* Features that can easily be implemented on top of Liquid (for example as a custom filter or custom filesystem)
-* Code that does not include tests
-* Code that breaks existing tests
+* Code which introduces considerable performance degrations
+* Code which touches performance critical parts of Liquid and comes without benchmarks
+* Features which are not important for most people (we want to keep the core Liquid code small and tidy)
+* Features which can easily be implemented on top of Liquid (for example as a custom filter or custom filesystem)
+* Code which comes without tests
+* Code which breaks existing tests

 ## Workflow

 * Fork the Liquid repository
 * Create a new branch in your fork
-* If it makes sense, add tests for your code and/or run a performance benchmark
-* Make sure all tests pass (`bundle exec rake`)
+* If it makes sense, add tests for your code and run a performance benchmark
+* Make sure all tests pass
 * Create a pull request
+* In the description, ping one of [@boourns](https://github.com/boourns), [@fw42](https://github.com/fw42), [@camilo](https://github.com/camilo), [@dylanahsmith](https://github.com/dylanahsmith), or [@arthurnn](https://github.com/arthurnn) and ask for a code review.

--- a/27
+++ b/27
@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-source 'https://rubygems.org'
-git_source(:github) do |repo_name|
-  "https://github.com/#{repo_name}.git"
-end
-
-gemspec
-
-group :benchmark, :test do
-  gem 'benchmark-ips'
-  gem 'memory_profiler'
-  gem 'terminal-table'
-
-  install_if -> { RUBY_PLATFORM !~ /mingw|mswin|java/ && RUBY_ENGINE != 'truffleruby' } do
-    gem 'stackprof'
-  end
-end
-
-group :test do
-  gem 'rubocop', '~> 0.78.0', require: false
-  gem 'rubocop-performance', require: false
-
-  platform :mri, :truffleruby do
-    gem 'liquid-c', github: 'Shopify/liquid-c', ref: 'master'
-  end
-end
--- a/History.md
+++ b/History.md
@@ -1,214 +1,37 @@
-# Liquid Change Log
-
-### Unreleased
-
-* Split Strainer class as a factory and a template (#1208) [Thierry Joyal]
-* Remove handling of a nil context in the Strainer class (#1218) [Thierry Joyal]
-* StaticRegisters#fetch to raise on missing key (#1250) [Thierry Joyal]
-
-## 4.0.3 / 2019-03-12
-
-### Fixed
-* Fix break and continue tags inside included templates in loops (#1072) [Justin Li]
-
-## 4.0.2 / 2019-03-08
-
-### Changed
-* Add `where` filter (#1026) [Samuel Doiron]
-* Add `ParseTreeVisitor` to iterate the Liquid AST (#1025) [Stephen Paul Weber]
-* Improve `strip_html` performance (#1032) [printercu]
-
-### Fixed
-* Add error checking for invalid combinations of inputs to sort, sort_natural, where, uniq, map, compact filters (#1059) [Garland Zhang]
-* Validate the character encoding in url_decode (#1070) [Clayton Smith]
-
-## 4.0.1 / 2018-10-09
-
-### Changed
-* Add benchmark group in Gemfile (#855) [Jerry Liu]
-* Allow benchmarks to benchmark render by itself (#851) [Jerry Liu]
-* Avoid calling `line_number` on String node when rescuing a render error. (#860) [Dylan Thacker-Smith]
-* Avoid duck typing to detect whether to call render on a node. [Dylan Thacker-Smith]
-* Clarify spelling of `reversed` on `for` block tag (#843) [Mark Crossfield]
-* Replace recursion with loop to avoid potential stack overflow from malicious input (#891, #892) [Dylan Thacker-Smith]
-* Limit block tag nesting to 100 (#894) [Dylan Thacker-Smith]
-* Replace `assert_equal nil` with `assert_nil` (#895) [Dylan Thacker-Smith]
-* Remove Spy Gem (#896) [Dylan Thacker-Smith]
-* Add `collection_name` and `variable_name` reader to `For` block (#909)
-* Symbols render as strings (#920) [Justin Li]
-* Remove default value from Hash objects (#932) [Maxime Bedard]
-* Remove one level of nesting (#944) [Dylan Thacker-Smith]
-* Update Rubocop version (#952) [Justin Li]
-* Add `at_least` and `at_most` filters (#954, #958) [Nithin Bekal]
-* Add a regression test for a liquid-c trim mode bug (#972) [Dylan Thacker-Smith]
-* Use https rather than git protocol to fetch liquid-c [Dylan Thacker-Smith]
-* Add tests against Ruby 2.4 (#963) and 2.5 (#981)
-* Replace RegExp literals with constants (#988) [Ashwin Maroli]
-* Replace unnecessary `#each_with_index` with `#each` (#992) [Ashwin Maroli]
-* Improve the unexpected end delimiter message for block tags. (#1003) [Dylan Thacker-Smith]
-* Refactor and optimize rendering (#1005) [Christopher Aue]
-* Add installation instruction (#1006) [Ben Gift]
-* Remove Circle CI (#1010)
-* Rename deprecated `BigDecimal.new` to `BigDecimal` (#1024) [Koichi ITO]
-* Rename deprecated Rubocop name (#1027) [Justin Li]
-
-### Fixed
-* Handle `join` filter on non String joiners (#857) [Richard Monette]
-* Fix duplicate inclusion condition logic error of `Liquid::Strainer.add_filter` method (#861)
-* Fix `escape`, `url_encode`, `url_decode` not handling non-string values (#898) [Thierry Joyal]
-* Fix raise when variable is defined but nil when using `strict_variables` [Pascal Betz]
-* Fix `sort` and `sort_natural` to handle arrays with nils (#930) [Eric Chan]
-
-## 4.0.0 / 2016-12-14 / branch "4-0-stable"
-
-### Changed
-* Render an opaque internal error by default for non-Liquid::Error (#835) [Dylan Thacker-Smith]
-* Ruby 2.0 support dropped (#832) [Dylan Thacker-Smith]
-* Add to_number Drop method to allow custom drops to work with number filters (#731)
-* Add strict_variables and strict_filters options to detect undefined references (#691)
-* Improve loop performance (#681) [Florian Weingarten]
-* Rename Drop method `before_method` to `liquid_method_missing` (#661) [Thierry Joyal]
-* Add url_decode filter to invert url_encode (#645) [Larry Archer]
-* Add global_filter to apply a filter to all output (#610) [Loren Hale]
-* Add compact filter (#600) [Carson Reinke]
-* Rename deprecated "has_key?" and "has_interrupt?" methods (#593) [Florian Weingarten]
-* Include template name with line numbers in render errors (574) [Dylan Thacker-Smith]
-* Add sort_natural filter (#554) [Martin Hanzel]
-* Add forloop.parentloop as a reference to the parent loop (#520) [Justin Li]
-* Block parsing moved to BlockBody class (#458) [Dylan Thacker-Smith]
-* Add concat filter to concatenate arrays (#429) [Diogo Beato]
-* Ruby 1.9 support dropped (#491) [Justin Li]
-* Liquid::Template.file_system's read_template_file method is no longer passed the context. (#441) [James Reid-Smith]
-* Remove `liquid_methods` (See https://github.com/Shopify/liquid/pull/568 for replacement)
-* Liquid::Template.register_filter raises when the module overrides registered public methods as private or protected (#705) [Gaurav Chande]
-
-### Fixed
-
-* Fix variable names being detected as an operator when starting with contains (#788) [Michael Angell]
-* Fix include tag used with strict_variables (#828) [QuickPay]
-* Fix map filter when value is a Proc (#672) [Guillaume Malette]
-* Fix truncate filter when value is not a string (#672) [Guillaume Malette]
-* Fix behaviour of escape filter when input is nil (#665) [Tanel Jakobsoo]
-* Fix sort filter behaviour with empty array input (#652) [Marcel Cary]
-* Fix test failure under certain timezones (#631) [Dylan Thacker-Smith]
-* Fix bug in uniq filter (#595) [Florian Weingarten]
-* Fix bug when "blank" and "empty" are used as variable names (#592) [Florian Weingarten]
-* Fix condition parse order in strict mode (#569) [Justin Li]
-* Fix naming of the "context variable" when dynamically including a template (#559) [Justin Li]
-* Gracefully accept empty strings in the date filter (#555) [Loren Hale]
-* Fix capturing into variables with a hyphen in the name (#505) [Florian Weingarten]
-* Fix case sensitivity regression in date standard filter (#499) [Kelley Reynolds]
-* Disallow filters with no variable in strict mode (#475) [Justin Li]
-* Disallow variable names in the strict parser that are not valid in the lax parser (#463) [Justin Li]
-* Fix BlockBody#warnings taking exponential time to compute (#486) [Justin Li]
-
-## 3.0.5 / 2015-07-23 / branch "3-0-stable"
-
-* Fix test failure under certain timezones [Dylan Thacker-Smith]
-
-## 3.0.4 / 2015-07-17
-
-* Fix chained access to multi-dimensional hashes [Florian Weingarten]
-
-## 3.0.3 / 2015-05-28
-
-* Fix condition parse order in strict mode (#569) [Justin Li]
-
-## 3.0.2 / 2015-04-24
-
-* Expose VariableLookup private members (#551) [Justin Li]
-* Documentation fixes
-
-## 3.0.1 / 2015-01-23
-
-* Remove duplicate `index0` key in TableRow tag (#502) [Alfred Xing]
-
-## 3.0.0 / 2014-11-12
-
-* Removed Block#end_tag. Instead, override parse with `super` followed by your code. See #446 [Dylan Thacker-Smith]
-* Fixed condition with wrong data types (#423) [Bogdan Gusiev]
-* Add url_encode to standard filters (#421) [Derrick Reimer]
-* Add uniq to standard filters [Florian Weingarten]
-* Add exception_handler feature (#397) and #254 [Bogdan Gusiev, Florian Weingarten]
-* Optimize variable parsing to avoid repeated regex evaluation during template rendering #383 [Jason Hiltz-Laforge]
-* Optimize checking for block interrupts to reduce object allocation #380 [Jason Hiltz-Laforge]
-* Properly set context rethrow_errors on render! #349 [Thierry Joyal]
-* Fix broken rendering of variables which are equal to false (#345) [Florian Weingarten]
-* Remove ActionView template handler [Dylan Thacker-Smith]
-* Freeze lots of string literals for new Ruby 2.1 optimization (#297) [Florian Weingarten]
-* Allow newlines in tags and variables (#324) [Dylan Thacker-Smith]
-* Tag#parse is called after initialize, which now takes options instead of tokens as the 3rd argument. See #321 [Dylan Thacker-Smith]
-* Raise `Liquid::ArgumentError` instead of `::ArgumentError` when filter has wrong number of arguments #309 [Bogdan Gusiev]
-* Add a to_s default for liquid drops (#306) [Adam Doeler]
-* Add strip, lstrip, and rstrip to standard filters [Florian Weingarten]
-* Make if, for & case tags return complete and consistent nodelists (#250) [Nick Jones]
-* Prevent arbitrary method invocation on condition objects (#274) [Dylan Thacker-Smith]
-* Don't call to_sym when creating conditions for security reasons (#273) [Bouke van der Bijl]
-* Fix resource counting bug with respond_to?(:length) (#263) [Florian Weingarten]
-* Allow specifying custom patterns for template filenames (#284) [Andrei Gladkyi]
-* Allow drops to optimize loading a slice of elements (#282) [Tom Burns]
-* Support for passing variables to snippets in subdirs (#271) [Joost Hietbrink]
-* Add a class cache to avoid runtime extend calls (#249) [James Tucker]
-* Remove some legacy Ruby 1.8 compatibility code (#276) [Florian Weingarten]
-* Add default filter to standard filters (#267) [Derrick Reimer]
-* Add optional strict parsing and warn parsing (#235) [Tristan Hume]
-* Add I18n syntax error translation (#241) [Simon Hørup Eskildsen, Sirupsen]
-* Make sort filter work on enumerable drops (#239) [Florian Weingarten]
-* Fix clashing method names in enumerable drops (#238) [Florian Weingarten]
-* Make map filter work on enumerable drops (#233) [Florian Weingarten]
-* Improved whitespace stripping for blank blocks, related to #216 [Florian Weingarten]
-
-## 2.6.3 / 2015-07-23 / branch "2-6-stable"
-
-* Fix test failure under certain timezones [Dylan Thacker-Smith]
-
-## 2.6.2 / 2015-01-23
-
-* Remove duplicate hash key [Parker Moore]
-
-## 2.6.1 / 2014-01-10
-
-Security fix, cherry-picked from master (4e14a65):
-* Don't call to_sym when creating conditions for security reasons (#273) [Bouke van der Bijl]
-* Prevent arbitrary method invocation on condition objects (#274) [Dylan Thacker-Smith]
-
-## 2.6.0 / 2013-11-25
+# Liquid Version History

 IMPORTANT: Liquid 2.6 is going to be the last version of Liquid which maintains explicit Ruby 1.8 compatability.
 The following releases will only be tested against Ruby 1.9 and Ruby 2.0 and are likely to break on Ruby 1.8.

+## 2.6.0 / 2013-11-25 / branch "2.6-stable"
+
+* ...
 * Bugfix for #106: fix example servlet [gnowoel]
-* Bugfix for #97: strip_html filter supports multi-line tags [Jo Liss]
-* Bugfix for #114: strip_html filter supports style tags [James Allardice]
-* Bugfix for #117: 'now' support for date filter in Ruby 1.9 [Notre Dame Webgroup]
-* Bugfix for #166: truncate filter on UTF-8 strings with Ruby 1.8 [Florian Weingarten]
-* Bugfix for #204: 'raw' parsing bug [Florian Weingarten]
-* Bugfix for #150: 'for' parsing bug [Peter Schröder]
-* Bugfix for #126: Strip CRLF in strip_newline [Peter Schröder]
-* Bugfix for #174, "can't convert Fixnum into String" for "replace" [jsw0528]
-* Allow a Liquid::Drop to be passed into Template#render [Daniel Huckstep]
-* Resource limits [Florian Weingarten]
-* Add reverse filter [Jay Strybis]
+* Bugfix for #97: strip_html filter supports multi-line tags [Jo Liss, joliss]
+* Bugfix for #114: strip_html filter supports style tags [James Allardice, jamesallardice]
+* Bugfix for #117: 'now' support for date filter in Ruby 1.9 [Notre Dame Webgroup, ndwebgroup]
+* Bugfix for #166: truncate filter on UTF-8 strings with Ruby 1.8 [Florian Weingarten, fw42]
+* Bugfix for #204: 'raw' parsing bug [Florian Weingarten, fw42]
+* Bugfix for #150: 'for' parsing bug [Peter Schröder, phoet]
+* Bugfix for #126: Strip CRLF in strip_newline [Peter Schröder, phoet]
+* Bugfix for #174, "can't convert Fixnum into String" for "replace" [wǒ_is神仙, jsw0528]
+* Allow a Liquid::Drop to be passed into Template#render [Daniel Huckstep, darkhelmet]
+* Resource limits [Florian Weingarten, fw42]
+* Add reverse filter [Jay Strybis, unreal]
 * Add utf-8 support
-* Use array instead of Hash to keep the registered filters [Tasos Stathopoulos]
-* Cache tokenized partial templates [Tom Burns]
-* Avoid warnings in Ruby 1.9.3 [Marcus Stollsteimer]
-* Better documentation for 'include' tag (closes #163) [Peter Schröder]
-* Use of BigDecimal on filters to have better precision (closes #155) [Arthur Nogueira Neves]
+* Use array instead of Hash to keep the registered filters [Tasos Stathopoulos, astathopoulos]
+* Cache tokenized partial templates [Tom Burns, boourns]
+* Avoid warnings in Ruby 1.9.3 [Marcus Stollsteimer, stomar]
+* Better documentation for 'include' tag (closes #163) [Peter Schröder, phoet]
+* Use of BigDecimal on filters to have better precision (closes #155) [Arthur Nogueira Neves, arthurnn]

-## 2.5.5 / 2014-01-10 / branch "2-5-stable"
+## 2.5.4 / 2013-11-11 / branch "2.5-stable"

-Security fix, cherry-picked from master (4e14a65):
-* Don't call to_sym when creating conditions for security reasons (#273) [Bouke van der Bijl]
-* Prevent arbitrary method invocation on condition objects (#274) [Dylan Thacker-Smith]
-
-## 2.5.4 / 2013-11-11
-
-* Fix "can't convert Fixnum into String" for "replace" (#173), [jsw0528]
+* Fix "can't convert Fixnum into String" for "replace", see #173, [wǒ_is神仙, jsw0528]

 ## 2.5.3 / 2013-10-09

-* #232, #234, #237: Fix map filter bugs [Florian Weingarten]
+* #232, #234, #237: Fix map filter bugs [Florian Weingarten, fw42]

 ## 2.5.2 / 2013-09-03 / deleted

@@ -216,7 +39,7 @@ Yanked from rubygems, as it contained too many changes that broke compatibility.

 ## 2.5.1 / 2013-07-24

-* #230: Fix security issue with map filter, Use invoke_drop in map filter [Florian Weingarten]
+* #230: Fix security issue with map filter, Use invoke_drop in map filter [Florian Weingarten, fw42]

 ## 2.5.0 / 2013-03-06

--- a/0
+++ b/0
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,12 +1,9 @@
-[![Build Status](https://api.travis-ci.org/Shopify/liquid.svg?branch=master)](http://travis-ci.org/Shopify/liquid)
-[![Inline docs](http://inch-ci.org/github/Shopify/liquid.svg?branch=master)](http://inch-ci.org/github/Shopify/liquid)
-
 # Liquid template engine

 * [Contributing guidelines](CONTRIBUTING.md)
 * [Version history](History.md)
 * [Liquid documentation from Shopify](http://docs.shopify.com/themes/liquid-basics)
-* [Liquid Wiki at GitHub](https://github.com/Shopify/liquid/wiki)
+* [Liquid Wiki from Shopify](http://wiki.shopify.com/Liquid)
 * [Website](http://liquidmarkup.org/)

 ## Introduction
@@ -42,8 +39,6 @@ Liquid is a template engine which was written with very specific requirements:

 ## How to use Liquid

-Install Liquid by adding `gem 'liquid'` to your gemfile.
-
 Liquid supports a very simple API based around the Liquid::Template class.
 For standard use you can just pass it the content of a file and call render with a parameters hash.

@@ -52,63 +47,4 @@ For standard use you can just pass it the content of a file and call render with
@template.render('name' => 'tobi')                # => "hi tobi"
 ```

-### Error Modes
-
-Setting the error mode of Liquid lets you specify how strictly you want your templates to be interpreted.
-Normally the parser is very lax and will accept almost anything without error. Unfortunately this can make
-it very hard to debug and can lead to unexpected behaviour. 
-
-Liquid also comes with a stricter parser that can be used when editing templates to give better error messages
-when templates are invalid. You can enable this new parser like this:
-
-```ruby
-Liquid::Template.error_mode = :strict # Raises a SyntaxError when invalid syntax is used
-Liquid::Template.error_mode = :warn # Adds errors to template.errors but continues as normal
-Liquid::Template.error_mode = :lax # The default mode, accepts almost anything.
-```
-
-If you want to set the error mode only on specific templates you can pass `:error_mode` as an option to `parse`:
-```ruby
-Liquid::Template.parse(source, :error_mode => :strict)
-```
-This is useful for doing things like enabling strict mode only in the theme editor.
-
-It is recommended that you enable `:strict` or `:warn` mode on new apps to stop invalid templates from being created.
-It is also recommended that you use it in the template editors of existing apps to give editors better error messages.
-
-### Undefined variables and filters
-
-By default, the renderer doesn't raise or in any other way notify you if some variables or filters are missing, i.e. not passed to the `render` method.
-You can improve this situation by passing `strict_variables: true` and/or `strict_filters: true` options to the `render` method.
-When one of these options is set to true, all errors about undefined variables and undefined filters will be stored in `errors` array of a `Liquid::Template` instance.
-Here are some examples:
-
-```ruby
-template = Liquid::Template.parse("{{x}} {{y}} {{z.a}} {{z.b}}")
-template.render({ 'x' => 1, 'z' => { 'a' => 2 } }, { strict_variables: true })
-#=> '1  2 ' # when a variable is undefined, it's rendered as nil
-template.errors
-#=> [#<Liquid::UndefinedVariable: Liquid error: undefined variable y>, #<Liquid::UndefinedVariable: Liquid error: undefined variable b>]
-```
-
-```ruby
-template = Liquid::Template.parse("{{x | filter1 | upcase}}")
-template.render({ 'x' => 'foo' }, { strict_filters: true })
-#=> '' # when at least one filter in the filter chain is undefined, a whole expression is rendered as nil
-template.errors
-#=> [#<Liquid::UndefinedFilter: Liquid error: undefined filter filter1>]
-```
-
-If you want to raise on a first exception instead of pushing all of them in `errors`, you can use `render!` method:
-
-```ruby
-template = Liquid::Template.parse("{{x}} {{y}}")
-template.render!({ 'x' => 1}, { strict_variables: true })
-#=> Liquid::UndefinedVariable: Liquid error: undefined variable y
-```
-
-### Usage tracking
-
-To help track usages of a feature or code path in production, we have released opt-in usage tracking. To enable this, we provide an empty `Liquid:: Usage.increment` method which you can customize to your needs. The feature is well suited to https://github.com/Shopify/statsd-instrument. However, the choice of implementation is up to you.
-
-Once you have enabled usage tracking, we recommend reporting any events through Github Issues that your system may be logging. It is highly likely this event has been added to consider deprecating or improving code specific to this event, so please raise any concerns.
+[![Build Status](https://secure.travis-ci.org/Shopify/liquid.png)](http://travis-ci.org/Shopify/liquid)
--- a/85
+++ b/85
@@ -1,64 +1,26 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 require 'rake'
 require 'rake/testtask'
-$LOAD_PATH.unshift(File.expand_path("../lib", __FILE__))
+$LOAD_PATH.unshift File.expand_path("../lib", __FILE__)
 require "liquid/version"

-task(default: [:test, :rubocop])
+task :default => 'test'

-desc('run test suite with default parser')
-Rake::TestTask.new(:base_test) do |t|
+Rake::TestTask.new(:test) do |t|
  t.libs << '.' << 'lib' << 'test'
-  t.test_files = FileList['test/{integration,unit}/**/*_test.rb']
-  t.verbose    = false
+  t.test_files = FileList['test/liquid/**/*_test.rb']
+  t.verbose = false
 end

-desc('run test suite with warn error mode')
-task :warn_test do
-  ENV['LIQUID_PARSER_MODE'] = 'warn'
-  Rake::Task['base_test'].invoke
-end
-
-task :rubocop do
-  if RUBY_ENGINE == 'ruby'
-    require 'rubocop/rake_task'
-    RuboCop::RakeTask.new
-  end
-end
-
-desc('runs test suite with both strict and lax parsers')
-task :test do
-  ENV['LIQUID_PARSER_MODE'] = 'lax'
-  Rake::Task['base_test'].invoke
-
-  ENV['LIQUID_PARSER_MODE'] = 'strict'
-  Rake::Task['base_test'].reenable
-  Rake::Task['base_test'].invoke
-
-  if RUBY_ENGINE == 'ruby' || RUBY_ENGINE == 'truffleruby'
-    ENV['LIQUID_C'] = '1'
-
-    ENV['LIQUID_PARSER_MODE'] = 'lax'
-    Rake::Task['base_test'].reenable
-    Rake::Task['base_test'].invoke
-
-    ENV['LIQUID_PARSER_MODE'] = 'strict'
-    Rake::Task['base_test'].reenable
-    Rake::Task['base_test'].invoke
-  end
-end
-
-task(gem: :build)
+task :gem => :build
 task :build do
  system "gem build liquid.gemspec"
 end

-task install: :build do
+task :install => :build do
  system "gem install liquid-#{Liquid::VERSION}.gem"
 end

-task release: :build do
+task :release => :build do
  system "git tag -a v#{Liquid::VERSION} -m 'Tagging #{Liquid::VERSION}'"
  system "git push --tags"
  system "gem push liquid-#{Liquid::VERSION}.gem"
@@ -66,41 +28,30 @@ task release: :build do
 end

 namespace :benchmark do
-  desc "Run the liquid benchmark with lax parsing"
+
+  desc "Run the liquid benchmark"
  task :run do
-    ruby "./performance/benchmark.rb lax"
+    ruby "./performance/benchmark.rb"
  end

-  desc "Run the liquid benchmark with strict parsing"
-  task :strict do
-    ruby "./performance/benchmark.rb strict"
-  end
 end

+
 namespace :profile do
+
  desc "Run the liquid profile/performance coverage"
  task :run do
    ruby "./performance/profile.rb"
  end

-  desc "Run the liquid profile/performance coverage with strict parsing"
-  task :strict do
-    ruby "./performance/profile.rb strict"
+  desc "Run KCacheGrind"
+  task :grind => :run  do
+    system "qcachegrind /tmp/liquid.rubyprof_calltreeprinter.txt"
  end
+
 end

-namespace :memory_profile do
-  desc "Run memory profiler"
-  task :run do
-    ruby "./performance/memory_profile.rb"
-  end
-end
-
-desc("Run example")
+desc "Run example"
 task :example do
  ruby "-w -d -Ilib example/server/server.rb"
 end
-
-task :console do
-  exec 'irb -I lib -r liquid'
-end
--- a/example/server/example_servlet.rb
+++ b/example/server/example_servlet.rb
@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module ProductsFilter
  def price(integer)
-    format("$%.2d USD", integer / 100.0)
+    sprintf("$%.2d USD", integer / 100.0)
  end

  def prettyprint(text)
-    text.gsub(/\*(.*)\*/, '<b>\1</b>')
+    text.gsub( /\*(.*)\*/, '<b>\1</b>' )
  end

  def count(array)
@@ -19,28 +17,25 @@ module ProductsFilter
 end

 class Servlet < LiquidServlet
+
  def index
    { 'date' => Time.now }
  end

  def products
-    { 'products' => products_list, 'more_products' => more_products_list, 'description' => description, 'section' => 'Snowboards', 'cool_products' => true }
+    { 'products' => products_list, 'description' => description, 'section' => 'Snowboards', 'cool_products' => true}
  end

  private

  def products_list
-    [{ 'name' => 'Arbor Draft', 'price' => 39900, 'description' => 'the *arbor draft* is a excellent product' },
-     { 'name' => 'Arbor Element', 'price' => 40000, 'description' => 'the *arbor element* rocks for freestyling' },
-     { 'name' => 'Arbor Diamond', 'price' => 59900, 'description' => 'the *arbor diamond* is a made up product because im obsessed with arbor and have no creativity' }]
-  end
-
-  def more_products_list
-    [{ 'name' => 'Arbor Catalyst', 'price' => 39900, 'description' => 'the *arbor catalyst* is an advanced drop-through for freestyle and flatground performance and versatility' },
-     { 'name' => 'Arbor Fish', 'price' => 40000, 'description' => 'the *arbor fish* is a compact pin that features an extended wheelbase and time-honored teardrop shape' }]
+    [{'name' => 'Arbor Draft', 'price' => 39900, 'description' => 'the *arbor draft* is a excellent product' },
+    {'name' => 'Arbor Element', 'price' => 40000, 'description' => 'the *arbor element* rocks for freestyling'},
+    {'name' => 'Arbor Diamond', 'price' => 59900, 'description' => 'the *arbor diamond* is a made up product because im obsessed with arbor and have no creativity'}]
  end

  def description
    "List of Products ~ This is a list of products with price and description."
  end
+
 end
--- a/example/server/liquid_servlet.rb
+++ b/example/server/liquid_servlet.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 class LiquidServlet < WEBrick::HTTPServlet::AbstractServlet
+
  def do_GET(req, res)
    handle(:get, req, res)
  end
@@ -11,20 +10,19 @@ class LiquidServlet < WEBrick::HTTPServlet::AbstractServlet

  private

-  def handle(_type, req, res)
-    @request  = req
-    @response = res
+  def handle(type, req, res)
+    @request, @response = req, res

-    @request.path_info =~ /(\w+)\z/
-    @action  = Regexp.last_match(1) || 'index'
+    @request.path_info =~ /(\w+)$/
+    @action = $1 || 'index'
    @assigns = send(@action) if respond_to?(@action)

    @response['Content-Type'] = "text/html"
    @response.status = 200
-    @response.body   = Liquid::Template.parse(read_template).render(@assigns, filters: [ProductsFilter])
+    @response.body = Liquid::Template.parse(read_template).render(@assigns, :filters => [ProductsFilter])
  end

  def read_template(filename = @action)
-    File.read("#{__dir__}/templates/#{filename}.liquid")
+    File.read( File.dirname(__FILE__) + "/templates/#{filename}.liquid" )
  end
 end
--- a/example/server/server.rb
+++ b/example/server/server.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 require 'webrick'
 require 'rexml/document'

-require_relative '../../lib/liquid'
-require_relative 'liquid_servlet'
-require_relative 'example_servlet'
+DIR = File.expand_path(File.dirname(__FILE__))
+
+require DIR + '/../../lib/liquid'
+require DIR + '/liquid_servlet'
+require DIR + '/example_servlet'

 # Setup webrick
-server = WEBrick::HTTPServer.new(Port: ARGV[1] || 3000)
+server = WEBrick::HTTPServer.new( :Port => ARGV[1] || 3000 )
 server.mount('/', Servlet)
-trap("INT") { server.shutdown }
+trap("INT"){ server.shutdown }
 server.start
--- a/example/server/templates/index.liquid
+++ b/example/server/templates/index.liquid
@@ -3,4 +3,4 @@
 <p>It is {{date}}</p>


-<p>Check out the <a href="/products">Products</a> screen </p>
+<p>Check out the <a href="http://localhost:3000/products">Products</a> screen </p>
--- a/example/server/templates/products.liquid
+++ b/example/server/templates/products.liquid
@@ -16,12 +16,12 @@
  </head>

  <body>
-    {% assign all_products = products | concat: more_products  %}
+
    <h1>{{ description | split: '~' | first }}</h1>

    <h2>{{ description | split: '~' | last }}</h2>

-    <h2>There are currently {{all_products | count}} products in the {{section}} catalog</h2>
+    <h2>There are currently {{products | count}} products in the {{section}} catalog</h2>

    {% if cool_products %}
      Cool products :)
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@

    <ul id="products">

-      {% for product in all_products %}
+      {% for product in products %}
        <li>
          <h2>{{product.name}}</h2>
          Only {{product.price | price }}
--- a/init.rb
+++ b/init.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+require 'liquid'
+require 'extras/liquid_view'
+
+if defined? ActionView::Template and ActionView::Template.respond_to? :register_template_handler
+  ActionView::Template
+else
+  ActionView::Base
+end.register_template_handler(:liquid, LiquidView)
--- a/lib/extras/liquid_view.rb
+++ b/lib/extras/liquid_view.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+# LiquidView is a action view extension class. You can register it with rails
+# and use liquid as an template system for .liquid files
+#
+# Example
+#
+#   ActionView::Base::register_template_handler :liquid, LiquidView
+class LiquidView
+  PROTECTED_ASSIGNS = %w( template_root response _session template_class action_name request_origin session template
+                          _response url _request _cookies variables_added _flash params _headers request cookies
+                          ignore_missing_templates flash _params logger before_filter_chain_aborted headers )
+  PROTECTED_INSTANCE_VARIABLES = %w( @_request @controller @_first_render @_memoized__pick_template @view_paths
+                                     @helpers @assigns_added @template @_render_stack @template_format @assigns )
+
+  def self.call(template)
+    "LiquidView.new(self).render(template, local_assigns)"
+  end
+
+  def initialize(view)
+    @view = view
+  end
+
+  def render(template, local_assigns = nil)
+    @view.controller.headers["Content-Type"] ||= 'text/html; charset=utf-8'
+
+    # Rails 2.2 Template has source, but not locals
+    if template.respond_to?(:source) && !template.respond_to?(:locals)
+      assigns = (@view.instance_variables - PROTECTED_INSTANCE_VARIABLES).inject({}) do |hash, ivar|
+                  hash[ivar[1..-1]] = @view.instance_variable_get(ivar)
+                  hash
+                end
+    else
+      assigns = @view.assigns.reject{ |k,v| PROTECTED_ASSIGNS.include?(k) }
+    end
+
+    source = template.respond_to?(:source) ? template.source : template
+    local_assigns = (template.respond_to?(:locals) ? template.locals : local_assigns) || {}
+
+    if content_for_layout = @view.instance_variable_get("@content_for_layout")
+      assigns['content_for_layout'] = content_for_layout
+    end
+    assigns.merge!(local_assigns.stringify_keys)
+
+    liquid = Liquid::Template.parse(source)
+    liquid.render(assigns, :filters => [@view.controller.master_helper_module], :registers => {:action_view => @view, :controller => @view.controller})
+  end
+
+  def compilable?
+    false
+  end
+
+end
--- a/lib/liquid.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Tobias Luetke
 #
 # Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
@@ -26,7 +24,6 @@ module Liquid
  ArgumentSeparator           = ','
  FilterArgumentSeparator     = ':'
  VariableAttributeSeparator  = '.'
-  WhitespaceControl           = '-'
  TagStart                    = /\{\%/
  TagEnd                      = /\%\}/
  VariableSignature           = /\(?[\w\-\.\[\]]\)?/
@@ -36,55 +33,37 @@ module Liquid
  VariableIncompleteEnd       = /\}\}?/
  QuotedString                = /"[^"]*"|'[^']*'/
  QuotedFragment              = /#{QuotedString}|(?:[^\s,\|'"]|#{QuotedString})+/o
+  StrictQuotedFragment        = /"[^"]+"|'[^']+'|[^\s|:,]+/
+  FirstFilterArgument         = /#{FilterArgumentSeparator}(?:#{StrictQuotedFragment})/o
+  OtherFilterArgument         = /#{ArgumentSeparator}(?:#{StrictQuotedFragment})/o
+  SpacelessFilter             = /^(?:'[^']+'|"[^"]+"|[^'"])*#{FilterSeparator}(?:#{StrictQuotedFragment})(?:#{FirstFilterArgument}(?:#{OtherFilterArgument})*)?/o
+  Expression                  = /(?:#{QuotedFragment}(?:#{SpacelessFilter})*)/o
  TagAttributes               = /(\w+)\s*\:\s*(#{QuotedFragment})/o
-  AnyStartingTag              = /#{TagStart}|#{VariableStart}/o
-  PartialTemplateParser       = /#{TagStart}.*?#{TagEnd}|#{VariableStart}.*?#{VariableIncompleteEnd}/om
-  TemplateParser              = /(#{PartialTemplateParser}|#{AnyStartingTag})/om
+  AnyStartingTag              = /\{\{|\{\%/
+  PartialTemplateParser       = /#{TagStart}.*?#{TagEnd}|#{VariableStart}.*?#{VariableIncompleteEnd}/o
+  TemplateParser              = /(#{PartialTemplateParser}|#{AnyStartingTag})/o
  VariableParser              = /\[[^\]]+\]|#{VariableSegment}+\??/o
-
-  singleton_class.send(:attr_accessor, :cache_classes)
-  self.cache_classes = true
 end

 require "liquid/version"
-require 'liquid/parse_tree_visitor'
-require 'liquid/lexer'
-require 'liquid/parser'
-require 'liquid/i18n'
 require 'liquid/drop'
-require 'liquid/tablerowloop_drop'
-require 'liquid/forloop_drop'
 require 'liquid/extensions'
 require 'liquid/errors'
 require 'liquid/interrupts'
-require 'liquid/strainer_factory'
-require 'liquid/strainer_template'
-require 'liquid/expression'
+require 'liquid/strainer'
 require 'liquid/context'
-require 'liquid/parser_switching'
 require 'liquid/tag'
-require 'liquid/tag/disabler'
-require 'liquid/tag/disableable'
 require 'liquid/block'
-require 'liquid/block_body'
 require 'liquid/document'
 require 'liquid/variable'
-require 'liquid/variable_lookup'
-require 'liquid/range_lookup'
 require 'liquid/file_system'
-require 'liquid/resource_limits'
 require 'liquid/template'
+require 'liquid/htmltags'
 require 'liquid/standardfilters'
 require 'liquid/condition'
+require 'liquid/module_ex'
 require 'liquid/utils'
-require 'liquid/tokenizer'
-require 'liquid/parse_context'
-require 'liquid/partial_cache'
-require 'liquid/usage'
-require 'liquid/register'
-require 'liquid/static_registers'
-require 'liquid/template_factory'

 # Load all the tags of the standard library
 #
-Dir["#{__dir__}/liquid/tags/*.rb"].each { |f| require f }
+Dir[File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/liquid/tags/*.rb'].each { |f| require f }
--- a/lib/liquid/block.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/block.rb
@@ -1,91 +1,126 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module Liquid
-  class Block < Tag
-    MAX_DEPTH = 100

-    def initialize(tag_name, markup, options)
-      super
-      @blank = true
-    end
+  class Block < Tag
+    IsTag             = /^#{TagStart}/o
+    IsVariable        = /^#{VariableStart}/o
+    FullToken         = /^#{TagStart}\s*(\w+)\s*(.*)?#{TagEnd}$/o
+    ContentOfVariable = /^#{VariableStart}(.*)#{VariableEnd}$/o

    def parse(tokens)
-      @body = new_body
-      while parse_body(@body, tokens)
+      @nodelist ||= []
+      @nodelist.clear
+
+      while token = tokens.shift
+
+        case token
+        when IsTag
+          if token =~ FullToken
+
+            # if we found the proper block delimiter just end parsing here and let the outer block
+            # proceed
+            if block_delimiter == $1
+              end_tag
+              return
+            end
+
+            # fetch the tag from registered blocks
+            if tag = Template.tags[$1]
+              @nodelist << tag.new($1, $2, tokens)
+            else
+              # this tag is not registered with the system
+              # pass it to the current block for special handling or error reporting
+              unknown_tag($1, $2, tokens)
+            end
+          else
+            raise SyntaxError, "Tag '#{token}' was not properly terminated with regexp: #{TagEnd.inspect} "
+          end
+        when IsVariable
+          @nodelist << create_variable(token)
+        when ''
+          # pass
+        else
+          @nodelist << token
+        end
      end
+
+      # Make sure that it's ok to end parsing in the current block.
+      # Effectively this method will throw an exception unless the current block is
+      # of type Document
+      assert_missing_delimitation!
    end

-    # For backwards compatibility
-    def render(context)
-      @body.render(context)
+    def end_tag
    end

-    def blank?
-      @blank
-    end
-
-    def nodelist
-      @body.nodelist
-    end
-
-    def unknown_tag(tag_name, _markup, _tokenizer)
-      Block.raise_unknown_tag(tag_name, block_name, block_delimiter, parse_context)
-    end
-
-    # @api private
-    def self.raise_unknown_tag(tag, block_name, block_delimiter, parse_context)
-      if tag == 'else'
-        raise SyntaxError, parse_context.locale.t("errors.syntax.unexpected_else",
-          block_name: block_name)
-      elsif tag.start_with?('end')
-        raise SyntaxError, parse_context.locale.t("errors.syntax.invalid_delimiter",
-          tag: tag,
-          block_name: block_name,
-          block_delimiter: block_delimiter)
+    def unknown_tag(tag, params, tokens)
+      case tag
+      when 'else'
+        raise SyntaxError, "#{block_name} tag does not expect else tag"
+      when 'end'
+        raise SyntaxError, "'end' is not a valid delimiter for #{block_name} tags. use #{block_delimiter}"
      else
-        raise SyntaxError, parse_context.locale.t("errors.syntax.unknown_tag", tag: tag)
+        raise SyntaxError, "Unknown tag '#{tag}'"
      end
    end

+    def block_delimiter
+      "end#{block_name}"
+    end
+
    def block_name
      @tag_name
    end

-    def block_delimiter
-      @block_delimiter ||= "end#{block_name}"
-    end
-
-    private
-
-    # @api public
-    def new_body
-      parse_context.new_block_body
-    end
-
-    # @api public
-    def parse_body(body, tokens)
-      if parse_context.depth >= MAX_DEPTH
-        raise StackLevelError, "Nesting too deep"
+    def create_variable(token)
+      token.scan(ContentOfVariable) do |content|
+        return Variable.new(content.first)
      end
-      parse_context.depth += 1
-      begin
-        body.parse(tokens, parse_context) do |end_tag_name, end_tag_params|
-          @blank &&= body.blank?
+      raise SyntaxError.new("Variable '#{token}' was not properly terminated with regexp: #{VariableEnd.inspect} ")
+    end

-          return false if end_tag_name == block_delimiter
-          unless end_tag_name
-            raise SyntaxError, parse_context.locale.t("errors.syntax.tag_never_closed", block_name: block_name)
+    def render(context)
+      render_all(@nodelist, context)
+    end
+
+    protected
+
+    def assert_missing_delimitation!
+      raise SyntaxError.new("#{block_name} tag was never closed")
+    end
+
+    def render_all(list, context)
+      output = []
+      context.resource_limits[:render_length_current] = 0
+      context.resource_limits[:render_score_current] += list.length
+
+      list.each do |token|
+        # Break out if we have any unhanded interrupts.
+        break if context.has_interrupt?
+
+        begin
+          # If we get an Interrupt that means the block must stop processing. An
+          # Interrupt is any command that stops block execution such as {% break %}
+          # or {% continue %}
+          if token.is_a? Continue or token.is_a? Break
+            context.push_interrupt(token.interrupt)
+            break
          end

-          # this tag is not registered with the system
-          # pass it to the current block for special handling or error reporting
-          unknown_tag(end_tag_name, end_tag_params, tokens)
+          token_output = (token.respond_to?(:render) ? token.render(context) : token)
+          context.resource_limits[:render_length_current] += (token_output.respond_to?(:length) ? token_output.length : 1)
+          if context.resource_limits_reached?
+            context.resource_limits[:reached] = true
+            raise MemoryError.new("Memory limits exceeded")
+          end
+          output << token_output
+        rescue MemoryError => e
+          raise e
+        rescue ::StandardError => e
+          output << (context.handle_error(e))
        end
-      ensure
-        parse_context.depth -= 1
      end

-      true
+      output.join
    end
  end
 end
--- a/lib/liquid/block_body.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/block_body.rb
@@ -1,244 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require 'English'
-
-module Liquid
-  class BlockBody
-    LiquidTagToken      = /\A\s*(\w+)\s*(.*?)\z/o
-    FullToken           = /\A#{TagStart}#{WhitespaceControl}?(\s*)(\w+)(\s*)(.*?)#{WhitespaceControl}?#{TagEnd}\z/om
-    ContentOfVariable   = /\A#{VariableStart}#{WhitespaceControl}?(.*?)#{WhitespaceControl}?#{VariableEnd}\z/om
-    WhitespaceOrNothing = /\A\s*\z/
-    TAGSTART            = "{%"
-    VARSTART            = "{{"
-
-    attr_reader :nodelist
-
-    def initialize
-      @nodelist = []
-      @blank    = true
-    end
-
-    def parse(tokenizer, parse_context, &block)
-      parse_context.line_number = tokenizer.line_number
-
-      if tokenizer.for_liquid_tag
-        parse_for_liquid_tag(tokenizer, parse_context, &block)
-      else
-        parse_for_document(tokenizer, parse_context, &block)
-      end
-    end
-
-    private def parse_for_liquid_tag(tokenizer, parse_context)
-      while (token = tokenizer.shift)
-        unless token.empty? || token =~ WhitespaceOrNothing
-          unless token =~ LiquidTagToken
-            # line isn't empty but didn't match tag syntax, yield and let the
-            # caller raise a syntax error
-            return yield token, token
-          end
-          tag_name = Regexp.last_match(1)
-          markup   = Regexp.last_match(2)
-          unless (tag = registered_tags[tag_name])
-            # end parsing if we reach an unknown tag and let the caller decide
-            # determine how to proceed
-            return yield tag_name, markup
-          end
-          new_tag = tag.parse(tag_name, markup, tokenizer, parse_context)
-          @blank &&= new_tag.blank?
-          @nodelist << new_tag
-        end
-        parse_context.line_number = tokenizer.line_number
-      end
-
-      yield nil, nil
-    end
-
-    # @api private
-    def self.unknown_tag_in_liquid_tag(tag, parse_context)
-      Block.raise_unknown_tag(tag, 'liquid', '%}', parse_context)
-    end
-
-    # @api private
-    def self.raise_missing_tag_terminator(token, parse_context)
-      raise SyntaxError, parse_context.locale.t("errors.syntax.tag_termination", token: token, tag_end: TagEnd.inspect)
-    end
-
-    # @api private
-    def self.raise_missing_variable_terminator(token, parse_context)
-      raise SyntaxError, parse_context.locale.t("errors.syntax.variable_termination", token: token, tag_end: VariableEnd.inspect)
-    end
-
-    # @api private
-    def self.render_node(context, output, node)
-      node.render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
-    rescue => exc
-      blank_tag = !node.instance_of?(Variable) && node.blank?
-      rescue_render_node(context, output, node.line_number, exc, blank_tag)
-    end
-
-    # @api private
-    def self.rescue_render_node(context, output, line_number, exc, blank_tag)
-      case exc
-      when MemoryError
-        raise
-      when UndefinedVariable, UndefinedDropMethod, UndefinedFilter
-        context.handle_error(exc, line_number)
-      else
-        error_message = context.handle_error(exc, line_number)
-        unless blank_tag # conditional for backwards compatibility
-          output << error_message
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    private def parse_liquid_tag(markup, parse_context)
-      liquid_tag_tokenizer = Tokenizer.new(markup, line_number: parse_context.line_number, for_liquid_tag: true)
-      parse_for_liquid_tag(liquid_tag_tokenizer, parse_context) do |end_tag_name, _end_tag_markup|
-        if end_tag_name
-          BlockBody.unknown_tag_in_liquid_tag(end_tag_name, parse_context)
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    private def parse_for_document(tokenizer, parse_context)
-      while (token = tokenizer.shift)
-        next if token.empty?
-        case
-        when token.start_with?(TAGSTART)
-          whitespace_handler(token, parse_context)
-          unless token =~ FullToken
-            BlockBody.raise_missing_tag_terminator(token, parse_context)
-          end
-          tag_name = Regexp.last_match(2)
-          markup   = Regexp.last_match(4)
-
-          if parse_context.line_number
-            # newlines inside the tag should increase the line number,
-            # particularly important for multiline {% liquid %} tags
-            parse_context.line_number += Regexp.last_match(1).count("\n") + Regexp.last_match(3).count("\n")
-          end
-
-          if tag_name == 'liquid'
-            parse_liquid_tag(markup, parse_context)
-            next
-          end
-
-          unless (tag = registered_tags[tag_name])
-            # end parsing if we reach an unknown tag and let the caller decide
-            # determine how to proceed
-            return yield tag_name, markup
-          end
-          new_tag = tag.parse(tag_name, markup, tokenizer, parse_context)
-          @blank &&= new_tag.blank?
-          @nodelist << new_tag
-        when token.start_with?(VARSTART)
-          whitespace_handler(token, parse_context)
-          @nodelist << create_variable(token, parse_context)
-          @blank = false
-        else
-          if parse_context.trim_whitespace
-            token.lstrip!
-          end
-          parse_context.trim_whitespace = false
-          @nodelist << token
-          @blank &&= !!(token =~ WhitespaceOrNothing)
-        end
-        parse_context.line_number = tokenizer.line_number
-      end
-
-      yield nil, nil
-    end
-
-    def whitespace_handler(token, parse_context)
-      if token[2] == WhitespaceControl
-        previous_token = @nodelist.last
-        if previous_token.is_a?(String)
-          first_byte = previous_token.getbyte(0)
-          previous_token.rstrip!
-          if previous_token.empty? && parse_context[:bug_compatible_whitespace_trimming] && first_byte
-            previous_token << first_byte
-          end
-        end
-      end
-      parse_context.trim_whitespace = (token[-3] == WhitespaceControl)
-    end
-
-    def blank?
-      @blank
-    end
-
-    # Remove blank strings in the block body for a control flow tag (e.g. `if`, `for`, `case`, `unless`)
-    # with a blank body.
-    #
-    # For example, in a conditional assignment like the following
-    #
-    # ```
-    # {% if size > max_size %}
-    #   {% assign size = max_size %}
-    # {% endif %}
-    # ```
-    #
-    # we assume the intention wasn't to output the blank spaces in the `if` tag's block body, so this method
-    # will remove them to reduce the render output size.
-    #
-    # Note that it is now preferred to use the `liquid` tag for this use case.
-    def remove_blank_strings
-      raise "remove_blank_strings only support being called on a blank block body" unless @blank
-      @nodelist.reject! { |node| node.instance_of?(String) }
-    end
-
-    def render(context)
-      render_to_output_buffer(context, +'')
-    end
-
-    def render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
-      context.resource_limits.increment_render_score(@nodelist.length)
-
-      idx = 0
-      while (node = @nodelist[idx])
-        if node.instance_of?(String)
-          output << node
-        else
-          render_node(context, output, node)
-          # If we get an Interrupt that means the block must stop processing. An
-          # Interrupt is any command that stops block execution such as {% break %}
-          # or {% continue %}. These tags may also occur through Block or Include tags.
-          break if context.interrupt? # might have happened in a for-block
-        end
-        idx += 1
-
-        context.resource_limits.increment_write_score(output)
-      end
-
-      output
-    end
-
-    private
-
-    def render_node(context, output, node)
-      BlockBody.render_node(context, output, node)
-    end
-
-    def create_variable(token, parse_context)
-      token.scan(ContentOfVariable) do |content|
-        markup = content.first
-        return Variable.new(markup, parse_context)
-      end
-      BlockBody.raise_missing_variable_terminator(token, parse_context)
-    end
-
-    # @deprecated Use {.raise_missing_tag_terminator} instead
-    def raise_missing_tag_terminator(token, parse_context)
-      BlockBody.raise_missing_tag_terminator(token, parse_context)
-    end
-
-    # @deprecated Use {.raise_missing_variable_terminator} instead
-    def raise_missing_variable_terminator(token, parse_context)
-      BlockBody.raise_missing_variable_terminator(token, parse_context)
-    end
-
-    def registered_tags
-      Template.tags
-    end
-  end
-end
--- a/lib/liquid/condition.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/condition.rb
@@ -1,93 +1,55 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module Liquid
  # Container for liquid nodes which conveniently wraps decision making logic
  #
  # Example:
  #
-  #   c = Condition.new(1, '==', 1)
+  #   c = Condition.new('1', '==', '1')
  #   c.evaluate #=> true
  #
  class Condition #:nodoc:
    @@operators = {
-      '==' => ->(cond, left, right) {  cond.send(:equal_variables, left, right) },
-      '!=' => ->(cond, left, right) { !cond.send(:equal_variables, left, right) },
-      '<>' => ->(cond, left, right) { !cond.send(:equal_variables, left, right) },
-      '<' => :<,
-      '>' => :>,
+      '==' => lambda { |cond, left, right|  cond.send(:equal_variables, left, right) },
+      '!=' => lambda { |cond, left, right| !cond.send(:equal_variables, left, right) },
+      '<>' => lambda { |cond, left, right| !cond.send(:equal_variables, left, right) },
+      '<'  => :<,
+      '>'  => :>,
      '>=' => :>=,
      '<=' => :<=,
-      'contains' => lambda do |_cond, left, right|
-        if left && right && left.respond_to?(:include?)
-          right = right.to_s if left.is_a?(String)
-          left.include?(right)
-        else
-          false
-        end
-      end,
-    }
-
-    class MethodLiteral
-      attr_reader :method_name, :to_s
-
-      def initialize(method_name, to_s)
-        @method_name = method_name
-        @to_s = to_s
-      end
-    end
-
-    @@method_literals = {
-      'blank' => MethodLiteral.new(:blank?, '').freeze,
-      'empty' => MethodLiteral.new(:empty?, '').freeze,
+      'contains' => lambda { |cond, left, right| left && right ? left.include?(right) : false }
    }

    def self.operators
      @@operators
    end

-    def self.parse_expression(markup)
-      @@method_literals[markup] || Expression.parse(markup)
-    end
-
-    attr_reader :attachment, :child_condition
+    attr_reader :attachment
    attr_accessor :left, :operator, :right

    def initialize(left = nil, operator = nil, right = nil)
-      @left     = left
-      @operator = operator
-      @right    = right
-
+      @left, @operator, @right = left, operator, right
      @child_relation  = nil
      @child_condition = nil
    end

    def evaluate(context = Context.new)
-      condition = self
-      result = nil
-      loop do
-        result = interpret_condition(condition.left, condition.right, condition.operator, context)
+      result = interpret_condition(left, right, operator, context)

-        case condition.child_relation
-        when :or
-          break if result
-        when :and
-          break unless result
-        else
-          break
-        end
-        condition = condition.child_condition
+      case @child_relation
+      when :or
+        result || @child_condition.evaluate(context)
+      when :and
+        result && @child_condition.evaluate(context)
+      else
+        result
      end
-      result
    end

    def or(condition)
-      @child_relation  = :or
-      @child_condition = condition
+      @child_relation, @child_condition = :or, condition
    end

    def and(condition)
-      @child_relation  = :and
-      @child_condition = condition
+      @child_relation, @child_condition = :and, condition
    end

    def attach(attachment)
@@ -102,24 +64,20 @@ module Liquid
      "#<Condition #{[@left, @operator, @right].compact.join(' ')}>"
    end

-    protected
-
-    attr_reader :child_relation
-
    private

    def equal_variables(left, right)
-      if left.is_a?(MethodLiteral)
-        if right.respond_to?(left.method_name)
-          return right.send(left.method_name)
+      if left.is_a?(Symbol)
+        if right.respond_to?(left)
+          return right.send(left.to_s)
        else
          return nil
        end
      end

-      if right.is_a?(MethodLiteral)
-        if left.respond_to?(right.method_name)
-          return left.send(right.method_name)
+      if right.is_a?(Symbol)
+        if left.respond_to?(right)
+          return left.send(right.to_s)
        else
          return nil
        end
@@ -132,41 +90,31 @@ module Liquid
      # If the operator is empty this means that the decision statement is just
      # a single variable. We can just poll this variable from the context and
      # return this as the result.
-      return context.evaluate(left) if op.nil?
+      return context[left] if op == nil

-      left  = context.evaluate(left)
-      right = context.evaluate(right)
+      left, right = context[left], context[right]

-      operation = self.class.operators[op] || raise(Liquid::ArgumentError, "Unknown operator #{op}")
+      operation = self.class.operators[op] || raise(ArgumentError.new("Unknown operator #{op}"))

      if operation.respond_to?(:call)
        operation.call(self, left, right)
-      elsif left.respond_to?(operation) && right.respond_to?(operation) && !left.is_a?(Hash) && !right.is_a?(Hash)
-        begin
-          left.send(operation, right)
-        rescue ::ArgumentError => e
-          raise Liquid::ArgumentError, e.message
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    class ParseTreeVisitor < Liquid::ParseTreeVisitor
-      def children
-        [
-          @node.left, @node.right,
-          @node.child_condition, @node.attachment
-        ].compact
+      elsif left.respond_to?(operation) and right.respond_to?(operation)
+        left.send(operation, right)
+      else
+        nil
      end
    end
  end

+
  class ElseCondition < Condition
    def else?
      true
    end

-    def evaluate(_context)
+    def evaluate(context)
      true
    end
  end
+
 end
--- a/lib/liquid/context.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/context.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module Liquid
+
  # Context keeps the variable stack and resolves variables, as well as keywords
  #
  #   context['variable'] = 'testing'
@@ -14,47 +13,28 @@ module Liquid
  #
  #   context['bob']  #=> nil  class Context
  class Context
-    attr_reader :scopes, :errors, :registers, :environments, :resource_limits, :static_registers, :static_environments
-    attr_accessor :exception_renderer, :template_name, :partial, :global_filter, :strict_variables, :strict_filters
+    attr_reader :scopes, :errors, :registers, :environments, :resource_limits

-    # rubocop:disable Metrics/ParameterLists
-    def self.build(environments: {}, outer_scope: {}, registers: {}, rethrow_errors: false, resource_limits: nil, static_environments: [])
-      new(environments, outer_scope, registers, rethrow_errors, resource_limits, static_environments)
-    end
-
-    def initialize(environments = {}, outer_scope = {}, registers = {}, rethrow_errors = false, resource_limits = nil, static_environments = [])
-      @environments = [environments]
-      @environments.flatten!
-
-      static_environments = [static_environments] if static_environments.is_a?(Hash)
-      @static_environments = static_environments.map(&:freeze).freeze
-      @scopes              = [(outer_scope || {})]
-      @registers           = registers
-      @errors              = []
-      @partial             = false
-      @strict_variables    = false
-      @resource_limits     = resource_limits || ResourceLimits.new(Template.default_resource_limits)
-      @base_scope_depth    = 0
+    def initialize(environments = {}, outer_scope = {}, registers = {}, rethrow_errors = false, resource_limits = {})
+      @environments    = [environments].flatten
+      @scopes          = [(outer_scope || {})]
+      @registers       = registers
+      @errors          = []
+      @rethrow_errors  = rethrow_errors
+      @resource_limits = (resource_limits || {}).merge!({ :render_score_current => 0, :assign_score_current => 0 })
      squash_instance_assigns_with_environments

-      self.exception_renderer = Template.default_exception_renderer
-      if rethrow_errors
-        self.exception_renderer = ->(_e) { raise }
-      end
-
-      @interrupts    = []
-      @filters       = []
-      @global_filter = nil
-      @disabled_tags = {}
+      @interrupts = []
    end
-    # rubocop:enable Metrics/ParameterLists

-    def warnings
-      @warnings ||= []
+    def resource_limits_reached?
+      (@resource_limits[:render_length_limit] && @resource_limits[:render_length_current] > @resource_limits[:render_length_limit]) ||
+      (@resource_limits[:render_score_limit]  && @resource_limits[:render_score_current]  > @resource_limits[:render_score_limit] ) ||
+      (@resource_limits[:assign_score_limit]  && @resource_limits[:assign_score_current]  > @resource_limits[:assign_score_limit] )
    end

    def strainer
-      @strainer ||= StrainerFactory.create(self, @filters)
+      @strainer ||= Strainer.create(self)
    end

    # Adds filters to this context.
@@ -63,17 +43,17 @@ module Liquid
    # for that
    def add_filters(filters)
      filters = [filters].flatten.compact
-      @filters += filters
-      @strainer = nil
-    end

-    def apply_global_filter(obj)
-      global_filter.nil? ? obj : global_filter.call(obj)
+      filters.each do |f|
+        raise ArgumentError, "Expected module but got: #{f.class}" unless f.is_a?(Module)
+        Strainer.add_known_filter(f)
+        strainer.extend(f)
+      end
    end

    # are there any not handled interrupts?
-    def interrupt?
-      !@interrupts.empty?
+    def has_interrupt?
+      @interrupts.any?
    end

    # push an interrupt to the stack. this interrupt is considered not handled.
@@ -86,22 +66,26 @@ module Liquid
      @interrupts.pop
    end

-    def handle_error(e, line_number = nil)
-      e = internal_error unless e.is_a?(Liquid::Error)
-      e.template_name ||= template_name
-      e.line_number   ||= line_number
+    def handle_error(e)
      errors.push(e)
-      exception_renderer.call(e).to_s
+      raise if @rethrow_errors
+
+      case e
+      when SyntaxError
+        "Liquid syntax error: #{e.message}"
+      else
+        "Liquid error: #{e.message}"
+      end
    end

    def invoke(method, *args)
-      strainer.invoke(method, *args).to_liquid
+      strainer.invoke(method, *args)
    end

    # Push new local scope on the stack. use <tt>Context#stack</tt> instead
-    def push(new_scope = {})
+    def push(new_scope={})
      @scopes.unshift(new_scope)
-      check_overflow
+      raise StackLevelError, "Nesting too deep" if @scopes.length > 100
    end

    # Merge a hash of variables in the current local scope
@@ -123,33 +107,13 @@ module Liquid
    #   end
    #
    #   context['var]  #=> nil
-    def stack(new_scope = {})
+    def stack(new_scope={})
      push(new_scope)
      yield
    ensure
      pop
    end

-    # Creates a new context inheriting resource limits, filters, environment etc.,
-    # but with an isolated scope.
-    def new_isolated_subcontext
-      check_overflow
-
-      Context.build(
-        resource_limits: resource_limits,
-        static_environments: static_environments,
-        registers: StaticRegisters.new(registers)
-      ).tap do |subcontext|
-        subcontext.base_scope_depth   = base_scope_depth + 1
-        subcontext.exception_renderer = exception_renderer
-        subcontext.filters  = @filters
-        subcontext.strainer = nil
-        subcontext.errors   = errors
-        subcontext.warnings = warnings
-        subcontext.disabled_tags = @disabled_tags
-      end
-    end
-
    def clear_instance_assigns
      @scopes[0] = {}
    end
@@ -159,121 +123,145 @@ module Liquid
      @scopes[0][key] = value
    end

-    # Look up variable, either resolve directly after considering the name. We can directly handle
-    # Strings, digits, floats and booleans (true,false).
-    # If no match is made we lookup the variable in the current scope and
-    # later move up to the parent blocks to see if we can resolve the variable somewhere up the tree.
-    # Some special keywords return symbols. Those symbols are to be called on the rhs object in expressions
-    #
-    # Example:
-    #   products == empty #=> products.empty?
-    def [](expression)
-      evaluate(Expression.parse(expression))
+    def [](key)
+      resolve(key)
    end

-    def key?(key)
-      self[key] != nil
+    def has_key?(key)
+      resolve(key) != nil
    end

-    def evaluate(object)
-      object.respond_to?(:evaluate) ? object.evaluate(self) : object
-    end
-
-    # Fetches an object starting at the local scope and then moving up the hierachy
-    def find_variable(key, raise_on_not_found: true)
-      # This was changed from find() to find_index() because this is a very hot
-      # path and find_index() is optimized in MRI to reduce object allocation
-      index = @scopes.find_index { |s| s.key?(key) }
-
-      variable = if index
-        lookup_and_evaluate(@scopes[index], key, raise_on_not_found: raise_on_not_found)
-      else
-        try_variable_find_in_environments(key, raise_on_not_found: raise_on_not_found)
-      end
-
-      variable         = variable.to_liquid
-      variable.context = self if variable.respond_to?(:context=)
-
-      variable
-    end
-
-    def lookup_and_evaluate(obj, key, raise_on_not_found: true)
-      if @strict_variables && raise_on_not_found && obj.respond_to?(:key?) && !obj.key?(key)
-        raise Liquid::UndefinedVariable, "undefined variable #{key}"
-      end
-
-      value = obj[key]
-
-      if value.is_a?(Proc) && obj.respond_to?(:[]=)
-        obj[key] = value.arity == 0 ? value.call : value.call(self)
-      else
-        value
-      end
-    end
-
-    def with_disabled_tags(tag_names)
-      tag_names.each do |name|
-        @disabled_tags[name] = @disabled_tags.fetch(name, 0) + 1
-      end
-      yield
-    ensure
-      tag_names.each do |name|
-        @disabled_tags[name] -= 1
-      end
-    end
-
-    def tag_disabled?(tag_name)
-      @disabled_tags.fetch(tag_name, 0) > 0
-    end
-
-    protected
-
-    attr_writer :base_scope_depth, :warnings, :errors, :strainer, :filters, :disabled_tags
-
    private
+      LITERALS = {
+        nil => nil, 'nil' => nil, 'null' => nil, '' => nil,
+        'true'  => true,
+        'false' => false,
+        'blank' => :blank?,
+        'empty' => :empty?
+      }

-    attr_reader :base_scope_depth
-
-    def try_variable_find_in_environments(key, raise_on_not_found:)
-      @environments.each do |environment|
-        found_variable = lookup_and_evaluate(environment, key, raise_on_not_found: raise_on_not_found)
-        if !found_variable.nil? || @strict_variables && raise_on_not_found
-          return found_variable
-        end
-      end
-      @static_environments.each do |environment|
-        found_variable = lookup_and_evaluate(environment, key, raise_on_not_found: raise_on_not_found)
-        if !found_variable.nil? || @strict_variables && raise_on_not_found
-          return found_variable
-        end
-      end
-      nil
-    end
-
-    def check_overflow
-      raise StackLevelError, "Nesting too deep" if overflow?
-    end
-
-    def overflow?
-      base_scope_depth + @scopes.length > Block::MAX_DEPTH
-    end
-
-    def internal_error
-      # raise and catch to set backtrace and cause on exception
-      raise Liquid::InternalError, 'internal'
-    rescue Liquid::InternalError => exc
-      exc
-    end
-
-    def squash_instance_assigns_with_environments
-      @scopes.last.each_key do |k|
-        @environments.each do |env|
-          if env.key?(k)
-            scopes.last[k] = lookup_and_evaluate(env, k)
-            break
+      # Look up variable, either resolve directly after considering the name. We can directly handle
+      # Strings, digits, floats and booleans (true,false).
+      # If no match is made we lookup the variable in the current scope and
+      # later move up to the parent blocks to see if we can resolve the variable somewhere up the tree.
+      # Some special keywords return symbols. Those symbols are to be called on the rhs object in expressions
+      #
+      # Example:
+      #   products == empty #=> products.empty?
+      def resolve(key)
+        if LITERALS.key?(key)
+          LITERALS[key]
+        else
+          case key
+          when /^'(.*)'$/ # Single quoted strings
+            $1
+          when /^"(.*)"$/ # Double quoted strings
+            $1
+          when /^(-?\d+)$/ # Integer and floats
+            $1.to_i
+          when /^\((\S+)\.\.(\S+)\)$/ # Ranges
+            (resolve($1).to_i..resolve($2).to_i)
+          when /^(-?\d[\d\.]+)$/ # Floats
+            $1.to_f
+          else
+            variable(key)
          end
        end
      end
-    end # squash_instance_assigns_with_environments
+
+      # Fetches an object starting at the local scope and then moving up the hierachy
+      def find_variable(key)
+        scope = @scopes.find { |s| s.has_key?(key) }
+        variable = nil
+
+        if scope.nil?
+          @environments.each do |e|
+            if variable = lookup_and_evaluate(e, key)
+              scope = e
+              break
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
+        scope     ||= @environments.last || @scopes.last
+        variable  ||= lookup_and_evaluate(scope, key)
+
+        variable = variable.to_liquid
+        variable.context = self if variable.respond_to?(:context=)
+
+        return variable
+      end
+
+      # Resolves namespaced queries gracefully.
+      #
+      # Example
+      #  @context['hash'] = {"name" => 'tobi'}
+      #  assert_equal 'tobi', @context['hash.name']
+      #  assert_equal 'tobi', @context['hash["name"]']
+      def variable(markup)
+        parts = markup.scan(VariableParser)
+        square_bracketed = /^\[(.*)\]$/
+
+        first_part = parts.shift
+
+        if first_part =~ square_bracketed
+          first_part = resolve($1)
+        end
+
+        if object = find_variable(first_part)
+
+          parts.each do |part|
+            part = resolve($1) if part_resolved = (part =~ square_bracketed)
+
+            # If object is a hash- or array-like object we look for the
+            # presence of the key and if its available we return it
+            if object.respond_to?(:[]) and
+              ((object.respond_to?(:has_key?) and object.has_key?(part)) or
+               (object.respond_to?(:fetch) and part.is_a?(Integer)))
+
+              # if its a proc we will replace the entry with the proc
+              res = lookup_and_evaluate(object, part)
+              object = res.to_liquid
+
+              # Some special cases. If the part wasn't in square brackets and
+              # no key with the same name was found we interpret following calls
+              # as commands and call them on the current object
+            elsif !part_resolved and object.respond_to?(part) and ['size', 'first', 'last'].include?(part)
+
+              object = object.send(part.intern).to_liquid
+
+              # No key was present with the desired value and it wasn't one of the directly supported
+              # keywords either. The only thing we got left is to return nil
+            else
+              return nil
+            end
+
+            # If we are dealing with a drop here we have to
+            object.context = self if object.respond_to?(:context=)
+          end
+        end
+
+        object
+      end # variable
+
+      def lookup_and_evaluate(obj, key)
+        if (value = obj[key]).is_a?(Proc) && obj.respond_to?(:[]=)
+          obj[key] = (value.arity == 0) ? value.call : value.call(self)
+        else
+          value
+        end
+      end # lookup_and_evaluate
+
+      def squash_instance_assigns_with_environments
+        @scopes.last.each_key do |k|
+          @environments.each do |env|
+            if env.has_key?(k)
+              scopes.last[k] = lookup_and_evaluate(env, k)
+              break
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end # squash_instance_assigns_with_environments
  end # Context
+
 end # Liquid
--- a/lib/liquid/document.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/document.rb
@@ -1,64 +1,17 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module Liquid
-  class Document
-    def self.parse(tokens, parse_context)
-      doc = new(parse_context)
-      doc.parse(tokens, parse_context)
-      doc
+  class Document < Block
+    # we don't need markup to open this block
+    def initialize(tokens)
+      parse(tokens)
    end

-    attr_reader :parse_context, :body
-
-    def initialize(parse_context)
-      @parse_context = parse_context
-      @body = new_body
+    # There isn't a real delimiter
+    def block_delimiter
+      []
    end

-    def nodelist
-      @body.nodelist
-    end
-
-    def parse(tokenizer, parse_context)
-      while parse_body(tokenizer)
-      end
-    rescue SyntaxError => e
-      e.line_number ||= parse_context.line_number
-      raise
-    end
-
-    def unknown_tag(tag, _markup, _tokenizer)
-      case tag
-      when 'else', 'end'
-        raise SyntaxError, parse_context.locale.t("errors.syntax.unexpected_outer_tag", tag: tag)
-      else
-        raise SyntaxError, parse_context.locale.t("errors.syntax.unknown_tag", tag: tag)
-      end
-    end
-
-    def render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
-      @body.render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
-    end
-
-    def render(context)
-      @body.render(context)
-    end
-
-    private
-
-    def new_body
-      parse_context.new_block_body
-    end
-
-    def parse_body(tokenizer)
-      @body.parse(tokenizer, parse_context) do |unknown_tag_name, unknown_tag_markup|
-        if unknown_tag_name
-          unknown_tag(unknown_tag_name, unknown_tag_markup, tokenizer)
-          true
-        else
-          false
-        end
-      end
+    # Document blocks don't need to be terminated since they are not actually opened
+    def assert_missing_delimitation!
    end
  end
 end
--- a/lib/liquid/drop.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/drop.rb
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 require 'set'

 module Liquid
+
  # A drop in liquid is a class which allows you to export DOM like things to liquid.
  # Methods of drops are callable.
  # The main use for liquid drops is to implement lazy loaded objects.
@@ -20,61 +19,43 @@ module Liquid
  #   tmpl = Liquid::Template.parse( ' {% for product in product.top_sales %} {{ product.name }} {%endfor%} '  )
  #   tmpl.render('product' => ProductDrop.new ) # will invoke top_sales query.
  #
-  # Your drop can either implement the methods sans any parameters
-  # or implement the liquid_method_missing(name) method which is a catch all.
+  # Your drop can either implement the methods sans any parameters or implement the before_method(name) method which is a
+  # catch all.
  class Drop
    attr_writer :context

+    EMPTY_STRING = ''.freeze
+
    # Catch all for the method
-    def liquid_method_missing(method)
-      return nil unless @context&.strict_variables
-      raise Liquid::UndefinedDropMethod, "undefined method #{method}"
+    def before_method(method)
+      nil
    end

    # called by liquid to invoke a drop
    def invoke_drop(method_or_key)
-      if self.class.invokable?(method_or_key)
+      if method_or_key && method_or_key != EMPTY_STRING && self.class.invokable?(method_or_key)
        send(method_or_key)
      else
-        liquid_method_missing(method_or_key)
+        before_method(method_or_key)
      end
    end

-    def key?(_name)
+    def has_key?(name)
      true
    end

-    def inspect
-      self.class.to_s
-    end
-
    def to_liquid
      self
    end

-    def to_s
-      self.class.name
-    end
+    alias :[] :invoke_drop

-    alias_method :[], :invoke_drop
+    private

    # Check for method existence without invoking respond_to?, which creates symbols
    def self.invokable?(method_name)
-      invokable_methods.include?(method_name.to_s)
-    end
-
-    def self.invokable_methods
-      @invokable_methods ||= begin
-        blacklist = Liquid::Drop.public_instance_methods + [:each]
-
-        if include?(Enumerable)
-          blacklist += Enumerable.public_instance_methods
-          blacklist -= [:sort, :count, :first, :min, :max]
-        end
-
-        whitelist = [:to_liquid] + (public_instance_methods - blacklist)
-        Set.new(whitelist.map(&:to_s))
-      end
+      @invokable_methods ||= Set.new(["to_liquid"] + (public_instance_methods - Liquid::Drop.public_instance_methods).map(&:to_s))
+      @invokable_methods.include?(method_name.to_s)
    end
  end
 end
--- a/lib/liquid/errors.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/errors.rb
@@ -1,58 +1,12 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module Liquid
-  class Error < ::StandardError
-    attr_accessor :line_number
-    attr_accessor :template_name
-    attr_accessor :markup_context
+  class Error < ::StandardError; end

-    def to_s(with_prefix = true)
-      str = +""
-      str << message_prefix if with_prefix
-      str << super()
-
-      if markup_context
-        str << " "
-        str << markup_context
-      end
-
-      str
-    end
-
-    private
-
-    def message_prefix
-      str = +""
-      str << if is_a?(SyntaxError)
-        "Liquid syntax error"
-      else
-        "Liquid error"
-      end
-
-      if line_number
-        str << " ("
-        str << template_name << " " if template_name
-        str << "line " << line_number.to_s << ")"
-      end
-
-      str << ": "
-      str
-    end
-  end
-
-  ArgumentError       = Class.new(Error)
-  ContextError        = Class.new(Error)
-  FileSystemError     = Class.new(Error)
-  StandardError       = Class.new(Error)
-  SyntaxError         = Class.new(Error)
-  StackLevelError     = Class.new(Error)
-  MemoryError         = Class.new(Error)
-  ZeroDivisionError   = Class.new(Error)
-  FloatDomainError    = Class.new(Error)
-  UndefinedVariable   = Class.new(Error)
-  UndefinedDropMethod = Class.new(Error)
-  UndefinedFilter     = Class.new(Error)
-  MethodOverrideError = Class.new(Error)
-  DisabledError       = Class.new(Error)
-  InternalError       = Class.new(Error)
+  class ArgumentError < Error; end
+  class ContextError < Error; end
+  class FilterNotFound < Error; end
+  class FileSystemError < Error; end
+  class StandardError < Error; end
+  class SyntaxError < Error; end
+  class StackLevelError < Error; end
+  class MemoryError < Error; end
 end
--- a/lib/liquid/expression.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/expression.rb
@@ -1,38 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Liquid
-  class Expression
-    LITERALS = {
-      nil => nil, 'nil' => nil, 'null' => nil, '' => nil,
-      'true' => true,
-      'false' => false,
-      'blank' => '',
-      'empty' => ''
-    }.freeze
-
-    SINGLE_QUOTED_STRING = /\A'(.*)'\z/m
-    DOUBLE_QUOTED_STRING = /\A"(.*)"\z/m
-    INTEGERS_REGEX       = /\A(-?\d+)\z/
-    FLOATS_REGEX         = /\A(-?\d[\d\.]+)\z/
-    RANGES_REGEX         = /\A\((\S+)\.\.(\S+)\)\z/
-
-    def self.parse(markup)
-      if LITERALS.key?(markup)
-        LITERALS[markup]
-      else
-        case markup
-        when SINGLE_QUOTED_STRING, DOUBLE_QUOTED_STRING
-          Regexp.last_match(1)
-        when INTEGERS_REGEX
-          Regexp.last_match(1).to_i
-        when RANGES_REGEX
-          RangeLookup.parse(Regexp.last_match(1), Regexp.last_match(2))
-        when FLOATS_REGEX
-          Regexp.last_match(1).to_f
-        else
-          VariableLookup.parse(markup)
-        end
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
--- a/lib/liquid/extensions.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/extensions.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 require 'time'
 require 'date'

@@ -9,56 +7,44 @@ class String # :nodoc:
  end
 end

-class Symbol # :nodoc:
-  def to_liquid
-    to_s
-  end
-end
-
-class Array # :nodoc:
+class Array  # :nodoc:
  def to_liquid
    self
  end
 end

-class Hash # :nodoc:
+class Hash  # :nodoc:
  def to_liquid
    self
  end
 end

-class Numeric # :nodoc:
+class Numeric  # :nodoc:
  def to_liquid
    self
  end
 end

-class Range # :nodoc:
+class Time  # :nodoc:
  def to_liquid
    self
  end
 end

-class Time # :nodoc:
+class DateTime < Date  # :nodoc:
  def to_liquid
    self
  end
 end

-class DateTime < Date # :nodoc:
-  def to_liquid
-    self
-  end
-end
-
-class Date # :nodoc:
+class Date  # :nodoc:
  def to_liquid
    self
  end
 end

 class TrueClass
-  def to_liquid # :nodoc:
+  def to_liquid  # :nodoc:
    self
  end
 end
--- a/lib/liquid/file_system.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/file_system.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module Liquid
  # A Liquid file system is a way to let your templates retrieve other templates for use with the include tag.
  #
@@ -10,13 +8,13 @@ module Liquid
  #
  # Example:
  #
-  #   Liquid::Template.file_system = Liquid::LocalFileSystem.new(template_path)
-  #   liquid = Liquid::Template.parse(template)
+  # Liquid::Template.file_system = Liquid::LocalFileSystem.new(template_path)
+  # liquid = Liquid::Template.parse(template)
  #
  # This will parse the template with a LocalFileSystem implementation rooted at 'template_path'.
  class BlankFileSystem
    # Called by Liquid to retrieve a template file
-    def read_template_file(_template_path)
+    def read_template_file(template_path, context)
      raise FileSystemError, "This liquid context does not allow includes."
    end
  end
@@ -28,46 +26,35 @@ module Liquid
  #
  # Example:
  #
-  #   file_system = Liquid::LocalFileSystem.new("/some/path")
+  # file_system = Liquid::LocalFileSystem.new("/some/path")
  #
-  #   file_system.full_path("mypartial")       # => "/some/path/_mypartial.liquid"
-  #   file_system.full_path("dir/mypartial")   # => "/some/path/dir/_mypartial.liquid"
-  #
-  # Optionally in the second argument you can specify a custom pattern for template filenames.
-  # The Kernel::sprintf format specification is used.
-  # Default pattern is "_%s.liquid".
-  #
-  # Example:
-  #
-  #   file_system = Liquid::LocalFileSystem.new("/some/path", "%s.html")
-  #
-  #   file_system.full_path("index") # => "/some/path/index.html"
+  # file_system.full_path("mypartial")       # => "/some/path/_mypartial.liquid"
+  # file_system.full_path("dir/mypartial")   # => "/some/path/dir/_mypartial.liquid"
  #
  class LocalFileSystem
    attr_accessor :root

-    def initialize(root, pattern = "_%s.liquid")
-      @root    = root
-      @pattern = pattern
+    def initialize(root)
+      @root = root
    end

-    def read_template_file(template_path)
+    def read_template_file(template_path, context)
      full_path = full_path(template_path)
-      raise FileSystemError, "No such template '#{template_path}'" unless File.exist?(full_path)
+      raise FileSystemError, "No such template '#{template_path}'" unless File.exists?(full_path)

      File.read(full_path)
    end

    def full_path(template_path)
-      raise FileSystemError, "Illegal template name '#{template_path}'" unless %r{\A[^./][a-zA-Z0-9_/]+\z}.match?(template_path)
+      raise FileSystemError, "Illegal template name '#{template_path}'" unless template_path =~ /^[^.\/][a-zA-Z0-9_\/]+$/

      full_path = if template_path.include?('/')
-        File.join(root, File.dirname(template_path), @pattern % File.basename(template_path))
+        File.join(root, File.dirname(template_path), "_#{File.basename(template_path)}.liquid")
      else
-        File.join(root, @pattern % template_path)
+        File.join(root, "_#{template_path}.liquid")
      end

-      raise FileSystemError, "Illegal template path '#{File.expand_path(full_path)}'" unless File.expand_path(full_path).start_with?(File.expand_path(root))
+      raise FileSystemError, "Illegal template path '#{File.expand_path(full_path)}'" unless File.expand_path(full_path) =~ /^#{File.expand_path(root)}/

      full_path
    end
--- a/lib/liquid/forloop_drop.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/forloop_drop.rb
@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Liquid
-  class ForloopDrop < Drop
-    def initialize(name, length, parentloop)
-      @name       = name
-      @length     = length
-      @parentloop = parentloop
-      @index      = 0
-    end
-
-    attr_reader :name, :length, :parentloop
-
-    def index
-      @index + 1
-    end
-
-    def index0
-      @index
-    end
-
-    def rindex
-      @length - @index
-    end
-
-    def rindex0
-      @length - @index - 1
-    end
-
-    def first
-      @index == 0
-    end
-
-    def last
-      @index == @length - 1
-    end
-
-    protected
-
-    def increment!
-      @index += 1
-    end
-  end
-end
--- a/lib/liquid/htmltags.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/htmltags.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+module Liquid
+  class TableRow < Block
+    Syntax = /(\w+)\s+in\s+(#{QuotedFragment}+)/o
+
+    def initialize(tag_name, markup, tokens)
+      if markup =~ Syntax
+        @variable_name = $1
+        @collection_name = $2
+        @attributes = {}
+        markup.scan(TagAttributes) do |key, value|
+          @attributes[key] = value
+        end
+      else
+        raise SyntaxError.new("Syntax Error in 'table_row loop' - Valid syntax: table_row [item] in [collection] cols=3")
+      end
+
+      super
+    end
+
+    def render(context)
+      collection = context[@collection_name] or return ''
+
+      from = @attributes['offset'] ? context[@attributes['offset']].to_i : 0
+      to = @attributes['limit'] ? from + context[@attributes['limit']].to_i : nil
+
+      collection = Utils.slice_collection_using_each(collection, from, to)
+
+      length = collection.length
+
+      cols = context[@attributes['cols']].to_i
+
+      row = 1
+      col = 0
+
+      result = "<tr class=\"row1\">\n"
+      context.stack do
+
+        collection.each_with_index do |item, index|
+          context[@variable_name] = item
+          context['tablerowloop'] = {
+            'length'  => length,
+            'index'   => index + 1,
+            'index0'  => index,
+            'col'     => col + 1,
+            'col0'    => col,
+            'index0'  => index,
+            'rindex'  => length - index,
+            'rindex0' => length - index - 1,
+            'first'   => (index == 0),
+            'last'    => (index == length - 1),
+            'col_first' => (col == 0),
+            'col_last'  => (col == cols - 1)
+          }
+
+
+          col += 1
+
+          result << "<td class=\"col#{col}\">" << render_all(@nodelist, context) << '</td>'
+
+          if col == cols and (index != length - 1)
+            col  = 0
+            row += 1
+            result << "</tr>\n<tr class=\"row#{row}\">"
+          end
+
+        end
+      end
+      result << "</tr>\n"
+      result
+    end
+  end
+
+  Template.register_tag('tablerow', TableRow)
+end
--- a/lib/liquid/i18n.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/i18n.rb
@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require 'yaml'
-
-module Liquid
-  class I18n
-    DEFAULT_LOCALE = File.join(File.expand_path(__dir__), "locales", "en.yml")
-
-    TranslationError = Class.new(StandardError)
-
-    attr_reader :path
-
-    def initialize(path = DEFAULT_LOCALE)
-      @path = path
-    end
-
-    def translate(name, vars = {})
-      interpolate(deep_fetch_translation(name), vars)
-    end
-    alias_method :t, :translate
-
-    def locale
-      @locale ||= YAML.load_file(@path)
-    end
-
-    private
-
-    def interpolate(name, vars)
-      name.gsub(/%\{(\w+)\}/) do
-        # raise TranslationError, "Undefined key #{$1} for interpolation in translation #{name}"  unless vars[$1.to_sym]
-        (vars[Regexp.last_match(1).to_sym]).to_s
-      end
-    end
-
-    def deep_fetch_translation(name)
-      name.split('.').reduce(locale) do |level, cur|
-        level[cur] || raise(TranslationError, "Translation for #{name} does not exist in locale #{path}")
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
--- a/lib/liquid/interrupts.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/interrupts.rb
@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module Liquid
+
  # An interrupt is any command that breaks processing of a block (ex: a for loop).
  class Interrupt
    attr_reader :message

-    def initialize(message = nil)
+    def initialize(message=nil)
      @message = message || "interrupt"
    end
  end
--- a/lib/liquid/lexer.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/lexer.rb
@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require "strscan"
-module Liquid
-  class Lexer
-    SPECIALS = {
-      '|' => :pipe,
-      '.' => :dot,
-      ':' => :colon,
-      ',' => :comma,
-      '[' => :open_square,
-      ']' => :close_square,
-      '(' => :open_round,
-      ')' => :close_round,
-      '?' => :question,
-      '-' => :dash,
-    }.freeze
-    IDENTIFIER            = /[a-zA-Z_][\w-]*\??/
-    SINGLE_STRING_LITERAL = /'[^\']*'/
-    DOUBLE_STRING_LITERAL = /"[^\"]*"/
-    NUMBER_LITERAL        = /-?\d+(\.\d+)?/
-    DOTDOT                = /\.\./
-    COMPARISON_OPERATOR   = /==|!=|<>|<=?|>=?|contains(?=\s)/
-    WHITESPACE_OR_NOTHING = /\s*/
-
-    def initialize(input)
-      @ss = StringScanner.new(input)
-    end
-
-    def tokenize
-      @output = []
-
-      until @ss.eos?
-        @ss.skip(WHITESPACE_OR_NOTHING)
-        break if @ss.eos?
-        tok      = if (t = @ss.scan(COMPARISON_OPERATOR))
-          [:comparison, t]
-        elsif (t = @ss.scan(SINGLE_STRING_LITERAL))
-          [:string, t]
-        elsif (t = @ss.scan(DOUBLE_STRING_LITERAL))
-          [:string, t]
-        elsif (t = @ss.scan(NUMBER_LITERAL))
-          [:number, t]
-        elsif (t = @ss.scan(IDENTIFIER))
-          [:id, t]
-        elsif (t = @ss.scan(DOTDOT))
-          [:dotdot, t]
-        else
-          c     = @ss.getch
-          if (s = SPECIALS[c])
-            [s, c]
-          else
-            raise SyntaxError, "Unexpected character #{c}"
-          end
-        end
-        @output << tok
-      end
-
-      @output << [:end_of_string]
-    end
-  end
-end
--- a/lib/liquid/locales/en.yml
+++ b/lib/liquid/locales/en.yml
@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
---
-  errors:
-    syntax:
-      tag_unexpected_args: "Syntax Error in '%{tag}' - Valid syntax: %{tag}"
-      assign: "Syntax Error in 'assign' - Valid syntax: assign [var] = [source]"
-      capture: "Syntax Error in 'capture' - Valid syntax: capture [var]"
-      case: "Syntax Error in 'case' - Valid syntax: case [condition]"
-      case_invalid_when: "Syntax Error in tag 'case' - Valid when condition: {% when [condition] [or condition2...] %}"
-      case_invalid_else: "Syntax Error in tag 'case' - Valid else condition: {% else %} (no parameters) "
-      cycle: "Syntax Error in 'cycle' - Valid syntax: cycle [name :] var [, var2, var3 ...]"
-      for: "Syntax Error in 'for loop' - Valid syntax: for [item] in [collection]"
-      for_invalid_in: "For loops require an 'in' clause"
-      for_invalid_attribute: "Invalid attribute in for loop. Valid attributes are limit and offset"
-      if: "Syntax Error in tag 'if' - Valid syntax: if [expression]"
-      include: "Error in tag 'include' - Valid syntax: include '[template]' (with|for) [object|collection]"
-      unknown_tag: "Unknown tag '%{tag}'"
-      invalid_delimiter: "'%{tag}' is not a valid delimiter for %{block_name} tags. use %{block_delimiter}"
-      unexpected_else: "%{block_name} tag does not expect 'else' tag"
-      unexpected_outer_tag: "Unexpected outer '%{tag}' tag"
-      tag_termination: "Tag '%{token}' was not properly terminated with regexp: %{tag_end}"
-      variable_termination: "Variable '%{token}' was not properly terminated with regexp: %{tag_end}"
-      tag_never_closed: "'%{block_name}' tag was never closed"
-      meta_syntax_error: "Liquid syntax error: #{e.message}"
-      table_row: "Syntax Error in 'table_row loop' - Valid syntax: table_row [item] in [collection] cols=3"
-      render: "Syntax error in tag 'render' - Template name must be a quoted string"
-    argument:
-      include: "Argument error in tag 'include' - Illegal template name"
-    disabled:
-      tag: "usage is not allowed in this context"
--- a/lib/liquid/module_ex.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/module_ex.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+# Copyright 2007 by Domizio Demichelis
+# This library is free software. It may be used, redistributed and/or modified
+# under the same terms as Ruby itself
+#
+# This extension is used in order to expose the object of the implementing class
+# to liquid as it were a Drop. It also limits the liquid-callable methods of the instance
+# to the allowed method passed with the liquid_methods call
+# Example:
+#
+# class SomeClass
+#   liquid_methods :an_allowed_method
+#
+#   def an_allowed_method
+#     'this comes from an allowed method'
+#   end
+#   def unallowed_method
+#     'this will never be an output'
+#   end
+# end
+#
+# if you want to extend the drop to other methods you can defines more methods
+# in the class <YourClass>::LiquidDropClass
+#
+#   class SomeClass::LiquidDropClass
+#     def another_allowed_method
+#       'and this from another allowed method'
+#     end
+#   end
+# end
+#
+# usage:
+# @something = SomeClass.new
+#
+# template:
+# {{something.an_allowed_method}}{{something.unallowed_method}} {{something.another_allowed_method}}
+#
+# output:
+# 'this comes from an allowed method and this from another allowed method'
+#
+# You can also chain associations, by adding the liquid_method call in the
+# association models.
+#
+class Module
+
+  def liquid_methods(*allowed_methods)
+    drop_class = eval "class #{self.to_s}::LiquidDropClass < Liquid::Drop; self; end"
+    define_method :to_liquid do
+      drop_class.new(self)
+    end
+    drop_class.class_eval do
+      def initialize(object)
+        @object = object
+      end
+      allowed_methods.each do |sym|
+        define_method sym do
+          @object.send sym
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+end
--- a/lib/liquid/parse_context.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/parse_context.rb
@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Liquid
-  class ParseContext
-    attr_accessor :locale, :line_number, :trim_whitespace, :depth
-    attr_reader :partial, :warnings, :error_mode
-
-    def initialize(options = {})
-      @template_options = options ? options.dup : {}
-
-      @locale   = @template_options[:locale] ||= I18n.new
-      @warnings = []
-
-      self.depth   = 0
-      self.partial = false
-    end
-
-    def [](option_key)
-      @options[option_key]
-    end
-
-    def new_block_body
-      Liquid::BlockBody.new
-    end
-
-    def partial=(value)
-      @partial = value
-      @options = value ? partial_options : @template_options
-
-      @error_mode = @options[:error_mode] || Template.error_mode
-    end
-
-    def partial_options
-      @partial_options ||= begin
-        dont_pass = @template_options[:include_options_blacklist]
-        if dont_pass == true
-          { locale: locale }
-        elsif dont_pass.is_a?(Array)
-          @template_options.reject { |k, _v| dont_pass.include?(k) }
-        else
-          @template_options
-        end
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
--- a/lib/liquid/parse_tree_visitor.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/parse_tree_visitor.rb
@@ -1,42 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Liquid
-  class ParseTreeVisitor
-    def self.for(node, callbacks = Hash.new(proc {}))
-      if defined?(node.class::ParseTreeVisitor)
-        node.class::ParseTreeVisitor
-      else
-        self
-      end.new(node, callbacks)
-    end
-
-    def initialize(node, callbacks)
-      @node      = node
-      @callbacks = callbacks
-    end
-
-    def add_callback_for(*classes, &block)
-      callback = block
-      callback = ->(node, _) { yield node } if block.arity.abs == 1
-      callback = ->(_, _) { yield } if block.arity.zero?
-      classes.each { |klass| @callbacks[klass] = callback }
-      self
-    end
-
-    def visit(context = nil)
-      children.map do |node|
-        item, new_context = @callbacks[node.class].call(node, context)
-        [
-          item,
-          ParseTreeVisitor.for(node, @callbacks).visit(new_context || context),
-        ]
-      end
-    end
-
-    protected
-
-    def children
-      @node.respond_to?(:nodelist) ? Array(@node.nodelist) : []
-    end
-  end
-end
--- a/lib/liquid/parser.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/parser.rb
@@ -1,95 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Liquid
-  class Parser
-    def initialize(input)
-      l       = Lexer.new(input)
-      @tokens = l.tokenize
-      @p      = 0 # pointer to current location
-    end
-
-    def jump(point)
-      @p = point
-    end
-
-    def consume(type = nil)
-      token = @tokens[@p]
-      if type && token[0] != type
-        raise SyntaxError, "Expected #{type} but found #{@tokens[@p].first}"
-      end
-      @p += 1
-      token[1]
-    end
-
-    # Only consumes the token if it matches the type
-    # Returns the token's contents if it was consumed
-    # or false otherwise.
-    def consume?(type)
-      token = @tokens[@p]
-      return false unless token && token[0] == type
-      @p += 1
-      token[1]
-    end
-
-    # Like consume? Except for an :id token of a certain name
-    def id?(str)
-      token = @tokens[@p]
-      return false unless token && token[0] == :id
-      return false unless token[1] == str
-      @p += 1
-      token[1]
-    end
-
-    def look(type, ahead = 0)
-      tok = @tokens[@p + ahead]
-      return false unless tok
-      tok[0] == type
-    end
-
-    SINGLE_TOKEN_EXPRESSION_TYPES = [:string, :number].freeze
-    private_constant :SINGLE_TOKEN_EXPRESSION_TYPES
-
-    def expression
-      token = @tokens[@p]
-      if token[0] == :id
-        variable_signature
-      elsif SINGLE_TOKEN_EXPRESSION_TYPES.include?(token[0])
-        consume
-      elsif token.first == :open_round
-        consume
-        first = expression
-        consume(:dotdot)
-        last = expression
-        consume(:close_round)
-        "(#{first}..#{last})"
-      else
-        raise SyntaxError, "#{token} is not a valid expression"
-      end
-    end
-
-    def argument
-      str = +""
-      # might be a keyword argument (identifier: expression)
-      if look(:id) && look(:colon, 1)
-        str << consume << consume << ' '
-      end
-
-      str << expression
-      str
-    end
-
-    def variable_signature
-      str = consume(:id)
-      while look(:open_square)
-        str << consume
-        str << expression
-        str << consume(:close_square)
-      end
-      if look(:dot)
-        str << consume
-        str << variable_signature
-      end
-      str
-    end
-  end
-end
--- a/lib/liquid/parser_switching.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/parser_switching.rb
@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Liquid
-  module ParserSwitching
-    def parse_with_selected_parser(markup)
-      case parse_context.error_mode
-      when :strict then strict_parse_with_error_context(markup)
-      when :lax    then lax_parse(markup)
-      when :warn
-        begin
-          strict_parse_with_error_context(markup)
-        rescue SyntaxError => e
-          parse_context.warnings << e
-          lax_parse(markup)
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    private
-
-    def strict_parse_with_error_context(markup)
-      strict_parse(markup)
-    rescue SyntaxError => e
-      e.line_number    = line_number
-      e.markup_context = markup_context(markup)
-      raise e
-    end
-
-    def markup_context(markup)
-      "in \"#{markup.strip}\""
-    end
-  end
-end
--- a/lib/liquid/partial_cache.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/partial_cache.rb
@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Liquid
-  class PartialCache
-    def self.load(template_name, context:, parse_context:)
-      cached_partials = (context.registers[:cached_partials] ||= {})
-      cached = cached_partials[template_name]
-      return cached if cached
-
-      file_system = (context.registers[:file_system] ||= Liquid::Template.file_system)
-      source      = file_system.read_template_file(template_name)
-
-      parse_context.partial = true
-
-      template_factory = (context.registers[:template_factory] ||= Liquid::TemplateFactory.new)
-      template = template_factory.for(template_name)
-
-      partial = template.parse(source, parse_context)
-      cached_partials[template_name] = partial
-    ensure
-      parse_context.partial = false
-    end
-  end
-end
--- a/lib/liquid/profiler.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/profiler.rb
@@ -1,171 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require 'liquid/profiler/hooks'
-
-module Liquid
-  # Profiler enables support for profiling template rendering to help track down performance issues.
-  #
-  # To enable profiling, first require 'liquid/profiler'.
-  # Then, to profile a parse/render cycle, pass the <tt>profile: true</tt> option to <tt>Liquid::Template.parse</tt>.
-  # After <tt>Liquid::Template#render</tt> is called, the template object makes available an instance of this
-  # class via the <tt>Liquid::Template#profiler</tt> method.
-  #
-  #   template = Liquid::Template.parse(template_content, profile: true)
-  #   output  = template.render
-  #   profile = template.profiler
-  #
-  # This object contains all profiling information, containing information on what tags were rendered,
-  # where in the templates these tags live, and how long each tag took to render.
-  #
-  # This is a tree structure that is Enumerable all the way down, and keeps track of tags and rendering times
-  # inside of <tt>{% include %}</tt> tags.
-  #
-  #   profile.each do |node|
-  #     # Access to the node itself
-  #     node.code
-  #
-  #     # Which template and line number of this node.
-  #     # If top level, this will be "<root>".
-  #     node.partial
-  #     node.line_number
-  #
-  #     # Render time in seconds of this node
-  #     node.render_time
-  #
-  #     # If the template used {% include %}, this node will also have children.
-  #     node.children.each do |child2|
-  #       # ...
-  #     end
-  #   end
-  #
-  # Profiler also exposes the total time of the template's render in <tt>Liquid::Profiler#total_render_time</tt>.
-  #
-  # All render times are in seconds. There is a small performance hit when profiling is enabled.
-  #
-  class Profiler
-    include Enumerable
-
-    class Timing
-      attr_reader :code, :partial, :line_number, :children, :total_time, :self_time
-
-      def initialize(node, partial)
-        @code        = node.respond_to?(:raw) ? node.raw : node
-        @partial     = partial
-        @line_number = node.respond_to?(:line_number) ? node.line_number : nil
-        @children    = []
-      end
-
-      def self.start(node, partial)
-        new(node, partial).tap(&:start)
-      end
-
-      def start
-        @start_time = Time.now
-      end
-
-      def finish
-        @end_time   = Time.now
-        @total_time = @end_time - @start_time
-
-        if @children.empty?
-          @self_time = @total_time
-        else
-          total_children_time = 0
-          @children.each do |child|
-            total_children_time += child.total_time
-          end
-          @self_time = @total_time - total_children_time
-        end
-      end
-
-      def render_time
-        @end_time - @start_time
-      end
-    end
-
-    def self.profile_node_render(node)
-      if Profiler.current_profile && node.respond_to?(:render)
-        Profiler.current_profile.start_node(node)
-        output = yield
-        Profiler.current_profile.end_node(node)
-        output
-      else
-        yield
-      end
-    end
-
-    def self.profile_children(template_name)
-      if Profiler.current_profile
-        Profiler.current_profile.push_partial(template_name)
-        output = yield
-        Profiler.current_profile.pop_partial
-        output
-      else
-        yield
-      end
-    end
-
-    def self.current_profile
-      Thread.current[:liquid_profiler]
-    end
-
-    def initialize(partial_name = "<root>")
-      @partial_stack = [partial_name]
-
-      @root_timing  = Timing.new("", current_partial)
-      @timing_stack = [@root_timing]
-
-      @render_start_at = Time.now
-      @render_end_at   = @render_start_at
-    end
-
-    def start
-      Thread.current[:liquid_profiler] = self
-      @render_start_at = Time.now
-    end
-
-    def stop
-      Thread.current[:liquid_profiler] = nil
-      @render_end_at = Time.now
-    end
-
-    def total_render_time
-      @render_end_at - @render_start_at
-    end
-
-    def each(&block)
-      @root_timing.children.each(&block)
-    end
-
-    def [](idx)
-      @root_timing.children[idx]
-    end
-
-    def length
-      @root_timing.children.length
-    end
-
-    def start_node(node)
-      @timing_stack.push(Timing.start(node, current_partial))
-    end
-
-    def end_node(_node)
-      timing = @timing_stack.pop
-      timing.finish
-
-      @timing_stack.last.children << timing
-    end
-
-    def current_partial
-      @partial_stack.last
-    end
-
-    def push_partial(partial_name)
-      @partial_stack.push(partial_name)
-    end
-
-    def pop_partial
-      @partial_stack.pop
-    end
-  end
-end
--- a/lib/liquid/profiler/hooks.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/profiler/hooks.rb
@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Liquid
-  module BlockBodyProfilingHook
-    def render_node(context, output, node)
-      Profiler.profile_node_render(node) do
-        super
-      end
-    end
-  end
-  BlockBody.prepend(BlockBodyProfilingHook)
-
-  module IncludeProfilingHook
-    def render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
-      Profiler.profile_children(context.evaluate(@template_name_expr).to_s) do
-        super
-      end
-    end
-  end
-  Include.prepend(IncludeProfilingHook)
-end
--- a/lib/liquid/range_lookup.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/range_lookup.rb
@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Liquid
-  class RangeLookup
-    def self.parse(start_markup, end_markup)
-      start_obj = Expression.parse(start_markup)
-      end_obj   = Expression.parse(end_markup)
-      if start_obj.respond_to?(:evaluate) || end_obj.respond_to?(:evaluate)
-        new(start_obj, end_obj)
-      else
-        start_obj.to_i..end_obj.to_i
-      end
-    end
-
-    def initialize(start_obj, end_obj)
-      @start_obj = start_obj
-      @end_obj   = end_obj
-    end
-
-    def evaluate(context)
-      start_int = to_integer(context.evaluate(@start_obj))
-      end_int   = to_integer(context.evaluate(@end_obj))
-      start_int..end_int
-    end
-
-    private
-
-    def to_integer(input)
-      case input
-      when Integer
-        input
-      when NilClass, String
-        input.to_i
-      else
-        Utils.to_integer(input)
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
--- a/lib/liquid/register.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/register.rb
@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Liquid
-  class Register
-  end
-end
--- a/lib/liquid/resource_limits.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/resource_limits.rb
@@ -1,62 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Liquid
-  class ResourceLimits
-    attr_accessor :render_length_limit, :render_score_limit, :assign_score_limit
-    attr_reader :render_score, :assign_score
-
-    def initialize(limits)
-      @render_length_limit = limits[:render_length_limit]
-      @render_score_limit  = limits[:render_score_limit]
-      @assign_score_limit  = limits[:assign_score_limit]
-      reset
-    end
-
-    def increment_render_score(amount)
-      @render_score += amount
-      raise_limits_reached if @render_score_limit && @render_score > @render_score_limit
-    end
-
-    def increment_assign_score(amount)
-      @assign_score += amount
-      raise_limits_reached if @assign_score_limit && @assign_score > @assign_score_limit
-    end
-
-    # update either render_length or assign_score based on whether or not the writes are captured
-    def increment_write_score(output)
-      if (last_captured = @last_capture_length)
-        captured = output.bytesize
-        increment = captured - last_captured
-        @last_capture_length = captured
-        increment_assign_score(increment)
-      elsif @render_length_limit && output.bytesize > @render_length_limit
-        raise_limits_reached
-      end
-    end
-
-    def raise_limits_reached
-      @reached_limit = true
-      raise MemoryError, "Memory limits exceeded"
-    end
-
-    def reached?
-      @reached_limit
-    end
-
-    def reset
-      @reached_limit = false
-      @last_capture_length = nil
-      @render_score = @assign_score = 0
-    end
-
-    def with_capture
-      old_capture_length = @last_capture_length
-      begin
-        @last_capture_length = 0
-        yield
-      ensure
-        @last_capture_length = old_capture_length
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
--- a/lib/liquid/standardfilters.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/standardfilters.rb
@@ -1,27 +1,13 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 require 'cgi'
 require 'bigdecimal'

 module Liquid
+
  module StandardFilters
-    HTML_ESCAPE = {
-      '&' => '&amp;',
-      '>' => '&gt;',
-      '<' => '&lt;',
-      '"' => '&quot;',
-      "'" => '&#39;',
-    }.freeze
-    HTML_ESCAPE_ONCE_REGEXP = /["><']|&(?!([a-zA-Z]+|(#\d+));)/
-    STRIP_HTML_BLOCKS       = Regexp.union(
-      %r{<script.*?</script>}m,
-      /<!--.*?-->/m,
-      %r{<style.*?</style>}m
-    )
-    STRIP_HTML_TAGS = /<.*?>/m

    # Return the size of an array or of an string
    def size(input)
+
      input.respond_to?(:size) ? input.size : 0
    end

@@ -41,61 +27,32 @@ module Liquid
    end

    def escape(input)
-      CGI.escapeHTML(input.to_s) unless input.nil?
+      CGI.escapeHTML(input) rescue input
    end
-    alias_method :h, :escape

    def escape_once(input)
-      input.to_s.gsub(HTML_ESCAPE_ONCE_REGEXP, HTML_ESCAPE)
+      ActionView::Helpers::TagHelper.escape_once(input)
+    rescue NameError
+      input
    end

-    def url_encode(input)
-      CGI.escape(input.to_s) unless input.nil?
-    end
-
-    def url_decode(input)
-      return if input.nil?
-
-      result = CGI.unescape(input.to_s)
-      raise Liquid::ArgumentError, "invalid byte sequence in #{result.encoding}" unless result.valid_encoding?
-
-      result
-    end
-
-    def slice(input, offset, length = nil)
-      offset = Utils.to_integer(offset)
-      length = length ? Utils.to_integer(length) : 1
-
-      if input.is_a?(Array)
-        input.slice(offset, length) || []
-      else
-        input.to_s.slice(offset, length) || ''
-      end
-    end
+    alias_method :h, :escape

    # Truncate a string down to x characters
    def truncate(input, length = 50, truncate_string = "...")
-      return if input.nil?
-      input_str = input.to_s
-      length    = Utils.to_integer(length)
-
-      truncate_string_str = truncate_string.to_s
-
-      l = length - truncate_string_str.length
+      if input.nil? then return end
+      l = length.to_i - truncate_string.length
      l = 0 if l < 0
-
-      input_str.length > length ? input_str[0...l].concat(truncate_string_str) : input_str
+      truncated = RUBY_VERSION[0,3] == "1.8" ? input.scan(/./mu)[0...l].to_s : input[0...l]
+      input.length > length.to_i ? truncated + truncate_string : input
    end

    def truncatewords(input, words = 15, truncate_string = "...")
-      return if input.nil?
+      if input.nil? then return end
      wordlist = input.to_s.split
-      words    = Utils.to_integer(words)
-
-      l = words - 1
+      l = words.to_i - 1
      l = 0 if l < 0
-
-      wordlist.length > l ? wordlist[0..l].join(" ").concat(truncate_string.to_s) : input
+      wordlist.length > l ? wordlist[0..l].join(" ") + truncate_string : input
    end

    # Split input string into an array of substrings separated by given pattern.
@@ -104,26 +61,11 @@ module Liquid
    #   <div class="summary">{{ post | split '//' | first }}</div>
    #
    def split(input, pattern)
-      input.to_s.split(pattern.to_s)
-    end
-
-    def strip(input)
-      input.to_s.strip
-    end
-
-    def lstrip(input)
-      input.to_s.lstrip
-    end
-
-    def rstrip(input)
-      input.to_s.rstrip
+      input.split(pattern)
    end

    def strip_html(input)
-      empty  = ''
-      result = input.to_s.gsub(STRIP_HTML_BLOCKS, empty)
-      result.gsub!(STRIP_HTML_TAGS, empty)
-      result
+      input.to_s.gsub(/<script.*?<\/script>/m, '').gsub(/<!--.*?-->/m, '').gsub(/<style.*?<\/style>/m, '').gsub(/<.*?>/m, '')
    end

    # Remove all newlines from the string
@@ -133,147 +75,61 @@ module Liquid

    # Join elements of the array with certain character between them
    def join(input, glue = ' ')
-      InputIterator.new(input, context).join(glue)
+      [input].flatten.join(glue)
    end

    # Sort elements of the array
    # provide optional property with which to sort an array of hashes or drops
    def sort(input, property = nil)
-      ary = InputIterator.new(input, context)
-
-      return [] if ary.empty?
-
+      ary = [input].flatten
      if property.nil?
-        ary.sort do |a, b|
-          nil_safe_compare(a, b)
-        end
-      elsif ary.all? { |el| el.respond_to?(:[]) }
-        begin
-          ary.sort { |a, b| nil_safe_compare(a[property], b[property]) }
-        rescue TypeError
-          raise_property_error(property)
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Sort elements of an array ignoring case if strings
-    # provide optional property with which to sort an array of hashes or drops
-    def sort_natural(input, property = nil)
-      ary = InputIterator.new(input, context)
-
-      return [] if ary.empty?
-
-      if property.nil?
-        ary.sort do |a, b|
-          nil_safe_casecmp(a, b)
-        end
-      elsif ary.all? { |el| el.respond_to?(:[]) }
-        begin
-          ary.sort { |a, b| nil_safe_casecmp(a[property], b[property]) }
-        rescue TypeError
-          raise_property_error(property)
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Filter the elements of an array to those with a certain property value.
-    # By default the target is any truthy value.
-    def where(input, property, target_value = nil)
-      ary = InputIterator.new(input, context)
-
-      if ary.empty?
-        []
-      elsif ary.first.respond_to?(:[]) && target_value.nil?
-        begin
-          ary.select { |item| item[property] }
-        rescue TypeError
-          raise_property_error(property)
-        end
-      elsif ary.first.respond_to?(:[])
-        begin
-          ary.select { |item| item[property] == target_value }
-        rescue TypeError
-          raise_property_error(property)
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Remove duplicate elements from an array
-    # provide optional property with which to determine uniqueness
-    def uniq(input, property = nil)
-      ary = InputIterator.new(input, context)
-
-      if property.nil?
-        ary.uniq
-      elsif ary.empty? # The next two cases assume a non-empty array.
-        []
-      elsif ary.first.respond_to?(:[])
-        begin
-          ary.uniq { |a| a[property] }
-        rescue TypeError
-          raise_property_error(property)
-        end
+        ary.sort
+      elsif ary.first.respond_to?('[]') and !ary.first[property].nil?
+        ary.sort {|a,b| a[property] <=> b[property] }
+      elsif ary.first.respond_to?(property)
+        ary.sort {|a,b| a.send(property) <=> b.send(property) }
      end
    end

    # Reverse the elements of an array
    def reverse(input)
-      ary = InputIterator.new(input, context)
+      ary = [input].flatten
      ary.reverse
    end

    # map/collect on a given property
    def map(input, property)
-      InputIterator.new(input, context).map do |e|
+      ary = [input].flatten
+      ary.map do |e|
        e = e.call if e.is_a?(Proc)
+        e = e.to_liquid if e.respond_to?(:to_liquid)

        if property == "to_liquid"
          e
        elsif e.respond_to?(:[])
-          r = e[property]
-          r.is_a?(Proc) ? r.call : r
-        end
-      end
-    rescue TypeError
-      raise_property_error(property)
-    end
-
-    # Remove nils within an array
-    # provide optional property with which to check for nil
-    def compact(input, property = nil)
-      ary = InputIterator.new(input, context)
-
-      if property.nil?
-        ary.compact
-      elsif ary.empty? # The next two cases assume a non-empty array.
-        []
-      elsif ary.first.respond_to?(:[])
-        begin
-          ary.reject { |a| a[property].nil? }
-        rescue TypeError
-          raise_property_error(property)
+          e[property]
        end
      end
    end

    # Replace occurrences of a string with another
    def replace(input, string, replacement = '')
-      input.to_s.gsub(string.to_s, replacement.to_s)
+      input.to_s.gsub(string, replacement.to_s)
    end

    # Replace the first occurrences of a string with another
    def replace_first(input, string, replacement = '')
-      input.to_s.sub(string.to_s, replacement.to_s)
+      input.to_s.sub(string, replacement.to_s)
    end

    # remove a substring
    def remove(input, string)
-      input.to_s.gsub(string.to_s, '')
+      input.to_s.gsub(string, '')
    end

    # remove the first occurrences of a substring
    def remove_first(input, string)
-      input.to_s.sub(string.to_s, '')
+      input.to_s.sub(string, '')
    end

    # add one string to another
@@ -281,13 +137,6 @@ module Liquid
      input.to_s + string.to_s
    end

-    def concat(input, array)
-      unless array.respond_to?(:to_ary)
-        raise ArgumentError, "concat filter requires an array argument"
-      end
-      InputIterator.new(input, context).concat(array)
-    end
-
    # prepend a string to another
    def prepend(input, string)
      string.to_s + input.to_s
@@ -298,7 +147,7 @@ module Liquid
      input.to_s.gsub(/\n/, "<br />\n")
    end

-    # Reformat a date using Ruby's core Time#strftime( string ) -> string
+    # Reformat a date
    #
    #   %a - The abbreviated weekday name (``Sun'')
    #   %A - The  full  weekday  name (``Sunday'')
@@ -312,7 +161,6 @@ module Liquid
    #   %m - Month of the year (01..12)
    #   %M - Minute of the hour (00..59)
    #   %p - Meridian indicator (``AM''  or  ``PM'')
-    #   %s - Number of seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC.
    #   %S - Second of the minute (00..60)
    #   %U - Week  number  of the current year,
    #           starting with the first Sunday as the first
@@ -327,14 +175,34 @@ module Liquid
    #   %Y - Year with century
    #   %Z - Time zone name
    #   %% - Literal ``%'' character
-    #
-    #   See also: http://www.ruby-doc.org/core/Time.html#method-i-strftime
    def date(input, format)
-      return input if format.to_s.empty?

-      return input unless (date = Utils.to_date(input))
+      if format.to_s.empty?
+        return input.to_s
+      end

-      date.strftime(format.to_s)
+      if ((input.is_a?(String) && !/^\d+$/.match(input.to_s).nil?) || input.is_a?(Integer)) && input.to_i > 0
+        input = Time.at(input.to_i)
+      end
+
+      date = if input.is_a?(String)
+        case input.downcase
+        when 'now', 'today'
+          Time.now
+        else
+          Time.parse(input)
+        end
+      else
+        input
+      end
+
+      if date.respond_to?(:strftime)
+        date.strftime(format.to_s)
+      else
+        input
+      end
+    rescue
+      input
    end

    # Get the first element of the passed in array
@@ -355,12 +223,6 @@ module Liquid
      array.last if array.respond_to?(:last)
    end

-    # absolute value
-    def abs(input)
-      result = Utils.to_number(input).abs
-      result.is_a?(BigDecimal) ? result.to_f : result
-    end
-
    # addition
    def plus(input, operand)
      apply_operation(input, operand, :+)
@@ -379,146 +241,31 @@ module Liquid
    # division
    def divided_by(input, operand)
      apply_operation(input, operand, :/)
-    rescue ::ZeroDivisionError => e
-      raise Liquid::ZeroDivisionError, e.message
    end

    def modulo(input, operand)
      apply_operation(input, operand, :%)
-    rescue ::ZeroDivisionError => e
-      raise Liquid::ZeroDivisionError, e.message
-    end
-
-    def round(input, n = 0)
-      result = Utils.to_number(input).round(Utils.to_number(n))
-      result = result.to_f if result.is_a?(BigDecimal)
-      result = result.to_i if n == 0
-      result
-    rescue ::FloatDomainError => e
-      raise Liquid::FloatDomainError, e.message
-    end
-
-    def ceil(input)
-      Utils.to_number(input).ceil.to_i
-    rescue ::FloatDomainError => e
-      raise Liquid::FloatDomainError, e.message
-    end
-
-    def floor(input)
-      Utils.to_number(input).floor.to_i
-    rescue ::FloatDomainError => e
-      raise Liquid::FloatDomainError, e.message
-    end
-
-    def at_least(input, n)
-      min_value = Utils.to_number(n)
-
-      result = Utils.to_number(input)
-      result = min_value if min_value > result
-      result.is_a?(BigDecimal) ? result.to_f : result
-    end
-
-    def at_most(input, n)
-      max_value = Utils.to_number(n)
-
-      result = Utils.to_number(input)
-      result = max_value if max_value < result
-      result.is_a?(BigDecimal) ? result.to_f : result
-    end
-
-    # Set a default value when the input is nil, false or empty
-    #
-    # Example:
-    #    {{ product.title | default: "No Title" }}
-    #
-    # Use `allow_false` when an input should only be tested against nil or empty and not false.
-    #
-    # Example:
-    #    {{ product.title | default: "No Title", allow_false: true }}
-    #
-    def default(input, default_value = '', options = {})
-      options = {} unless options.is_a?(Hash)
-      false_check = options['allow_false'] ? input.nil? : !input
-      false_check || (input.respond_to?(:empty?) && input.empty?) ? default_value : input
    end

    private

-    attr_reader :context
-
-    def raise_property_error(property)
-      raise Liquid::ArgumentError, "cannot select the property '#{property}'"
+    def to_number(obj)
+      case obj
+      when Float
+        BigDecimal.new(obj.to_s)
+      when Numeric
+        obj
+      when String
+        (obj.strip =~ /^\d+\.\d+$/) ? BigDecimal.new(obj) : obj.to_i
+      else
+        0
+      end
    end

    def apply_operation(input, operand, operation)
-      result = Utils.to_number(input).send(operation, Utils.to_number(operand))
+      result = to_number(input).send(operation, to_number(operand))
      result.is_a?(BigDecimal) ? result.to_f : result
    end
-
-    def nil_safe_compare(a, b)
-      if !a.nil? && !b.nil?
-        a <=> b
-      else
-        a.nil? ? 1 : -1
-      end
-    end
-
-    def nil_safe_casecmp(a, b)
-      if !a.nil? && !b.nil?
-        a.to_s.casecmp(b.to_s)
-      else
-        a.nil? ? 1 : -1
-      end
-    end
-
-    class InputIterator
-      include Enumerable
-
-      def initialize(input, context)
-        @context = context
-        @input   = if input.is_a?(Array)
-          input.flatten
-        elsif input.is_a?(Hash)
-          [input]
-        elsif input.is_a?(Enumerable)
-          input
-        else
-          Array(input)
-        end
-      end
-
-      def join(glue)
-        to_a.join(glue.to_s)
-      end
-
-      def concat(args)
-        to_a.concat(args)
-      end
-
-      def reverse
-        reverse_each.to_a
-      end
-
-      def uniq(&block)
-        to_a.uniq(&block)
-      end
-
-      def compact
-        to_a.compact
-      end
-
-      def empty?
-        @input.each { return false }
-        true
-      end
-
-      def each
-        @input.each do |e|
-          e.context = @context if e.respond_to?(:context=)
-          yield(e.respond_to?(:to_liquid) ? e.to_liquid : e)
-        end
-      end
-    end
  end

  Template.register_filter(StandardFilters)
--- a/lib/liquid/static_registers.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/static_registers.rb
@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Liquid
-  class StaticRegisters
-    attr_reader :static
-
-    def initialize(registers = {})
-      @static    = registers.is_a?(StaticRegisters) ? registers.static : registers
-      @registers = {}
-    end
-
-    def []=(key, value)
-      @registers[key] = value
-    end
-
-    def [](key)
-      if @registers.key?(key)
-        @registers[key]
-      else
-        @static[key]
-      end
-    end
-
-    def delete(key)
-      @registers.delete(key)
-    end
-
-    UNDEFINED = Object.new
-
-    def fetch(key, default = UNDEFINED, &block)
-      if @registers.key?(key)
-        @registers.fetch(key)
-      elsif default != UNDEFINED
-        @static.fetch(key, default, &block)
-      else
-        @static.fetch(key, &block)
-      end
-    end
-
-    def key?(key)
-      @registers.key?(key) || @static.key?(key)
-    end
-  end
-end
--- a/lib/liquid/strainer.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/strainer.rb
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+require 'set'
+
+module Liquid
+
+  # Strainer is the parent class for the filters system.
+  # New filters are mixed into the strainer class which is then instantiated for each liquid template render run.
+  #
+  # The Strainer only allows method calls defined in filters given to it via Strainer.global_filter,
+  # Context#add_filters or Template.register_filter
+  class Strainer #:nodoc:
+    @@filters = []
+    @@known_filters = Set.new
+    @@known_methods = Set.new
+
+    def initialize(context)
+      @context = context
+    end
+
+    def self.global_filter(filter)
+      raise ArgumentError, "Passed filter is not a module" unless filter.is_a?(Module)
+      add_known_filter(filter)
+      @@filters << filter unless @@filters.include?(filter)
+    end
+
+    def self.add_known_filter(filter)
+      unless @@known_filters.include?(filter)
+        @@method_blacklist ||= Set.new(Strainer.instance_methods.map(&:to_s))
+        new_methods = filter.instance_methods.map(&:to_s)
+        new_methods.reject!{ |m| @@method_blacklist.include?(m) }
+        @@known_methods.merge(new_methods)
+        @@known_filters.add(filter)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def self.create(context)
+      strainer = Strainer.new(context)
+      @@filters.each { |m| strainer.extend(m) }
+      strainer
+    end
+
+    def invoke(method, *args)
+      if invokable?(method)
+        send(method, *args)
+      else
+        args.first
+      end
+    end
+
+    def invokable?(method)
+      @@known_methods.include?(method.to_s) && respond_to?(method)
+    end
+  end
+end
--- a/lib/liquid/strainer_factory.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/strainer_factory.rb
@@ -1,36 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Liquid
-  # StrainerFactory is the factory for the filters system.
-  module StrainerFactory
-    extend self
-
-    def add_global_filter(filter)
-      strainer_class_cache.clear
-      global_filters << filter
-    end
-
-    def create(context, filters = [])
-      strainer_from_cache(filters).new(context)
-    end
-
-    private
-
-    def global_filters
-      @global_filters ||= []
-    end
-
-    def strainer_from_cache(filters)
-      strainer_class_cache[filters] ||= begin
-        klass = Class.new(StrainerTemplate)
-        global_filters.each { |f| klass.add_filter(f) }
-        filters.each { |f| klass.add_filter(f) }
-        klass
-      end
-    end
-
-    def strainer_class_cache
-      @strainer_class_cache ||= {}
-    end
-  end
-end
--- a/lib/liquid/strainer_template.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/strainer_template.rb
@@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require 'set'
-
-module Liquid
-  # StrainerTemplate is the computed class for the filters system.
-  # New filters are mixed into the strainer class which is then instantiated for each liquid template render run.
-  #
-  # The Strainer only allows method calls defined in filters given to it via StrainerFactory.add_global_filter,
-  # Context#add_filters or Template.register_filter
-  class StrainerTemplate
-    def initialize(context)
-      @context = context
-    end
-
-    class << self
-      def add_filter(filter)
-        return if include?(filter)
-
-        invokable_non_public_methods = (filter.private_instance_methods + filter.protected_instance_methods).select { |m| invokable?(m) }
-        if invokable_non_public_methods.any?
-          raise MethodOverrideError, "Filter overrides registered public methods as non public: #{invokable_non_public_methods.join(', ')}"
-        end
-
-        include(filter)
-
-        filter_methods.merge(filter.public_instance_methods.map(&:to_s))
-      end
-
-      def invokable?(method)
-        filter_methods.include?(method.to_s)
-      end
-
-      private
-
-      def filter_methods
-        @filter_methods ||= Set.new
-      end
-    end
-
-    def invoke(method, *args)
-      if self.class.invokable?(method)
-        send(method, *args)
-      elsif @context.strict_filters
-        raise Liquid::UndefinedFilter, "undefined filter #{method}"
-      else
-        args.first
-      end
-    rescue ::ArgumentError => e
-      raise Liquid::ArgumentError, e.message, e.backtrace
-    end
-  end
-end
--- a/lib/liquid/tablerowloop_drop.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/tablerowloop_drop.rb
@@ -1,64 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Liquid
-  class TablerowloopDrop < Drop
-    def initialize(length, cols)
-      @length = length
-      @row    = 1
-      @col    = 1
-      @cols   = cols
-      @index  = 0
-    end
-
-    attr_reader :length, :col, :row
-
-    def index
-      @index + 1
-    end
-
-    def index0
-      @index
-    end
-
-    def col0
-      @col - 1
-    end
-
-    def rindex
-      @length - @index
-    end
-
-    def rindex0
-      @length - @index - 1
-    end
-
-    def first
-      @index == 0
-    end
-
-    def last
-      @index == @length - 1
-    end
-
-    def col_first
-      @col == 1
-    end
-
-    def col_last
-      @col == @cols
-    end
-
-    protected
-
-    def increment!
-      @index += 1
-
-      if @col == @cols
-        @col = 1
-        @row += 1
-      else
-        @col += 1
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
--- a/lib/liquid/tag.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/tag.rb
@@ -1,59 +1,26 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module Liquid
+
  class Tag
-    attr_reader :nodelist, :tag_name, :line_number, :parse_context
-    alias_method :options, :parse_context
-    include ParserSwitching

-    class << self
-      def parse(tag_name, markup, tokenizer, parse_context)
-        tag = new(tag_name, markup, parse_context)
-        tag.parse(tokenizer)
-        tag
-      end
+    attr_accessor :nodelist

-      def disable_tags(*tag_names)
-        @disabled_tags ||= []
-        @disabled_tags.concat(tag_names)
-        prepend(Disabler)
-      end
-
-      private :new
+    def initialize(tag_name, markup, tokens)
+      @tag_name   = tag_name
+      @markup     = markup
+      parse(tokens)
    end

-    def initialize(tag_name, markup, parse_context)
-      @tag_name      = tag_name
-      @markup        = markup
-      @parse_context = parse_context
-      @line_number   = parse_context.line_number
-    end
-
-    def parse(_tokens)
-    end
-
-    def raw
-      "#{@tag_name} #{@markup}"
+    def parse(tokens)
    end

    def name
      self.class.name.downcase
    end

-    def render(_context)
+    def render(context)
      ''
    end

-    # For backwards compatibility with custom tags. In a future release, the semantics
-    # of the `render_to_output_buffer` method will become the default and the `render`
-    # method will be removed.
-    def render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
-      output << render(context)
-      output
-    end
+  end # Tag

-    def blank?
-      false
-    end
-  end
-end
+end # Liquid
--- a/lib/liquid/tag/disableable.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/tag/disableable.rb
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Liquid
-  class Tag
-    module Disableable
-      def render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
-        if context.tag_disabled?(tag_name)
-          output << disabled_error(context)
-          return
-        end
-        super
-      end
-
-      def disabled_error(context)
-        # raise then rescue the exception so that the Context#exception_renderer can re-raise it
-        raise DisabledError, "#{tag_name} #{parse_context[:locale].t('errors.disabled.tag')}"
-      rescue DisabledError => exc
-        context.handle_error(exc, line_number)
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
--- a/lib/liquid/tag/disabler.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/tag/disabler.rb
@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Liquid
-  class Tag
-    module Disabler
-      module ClassMethods
-        attr_reader :disabled_tags
-      end
-
-      def self.prepended(base)
-        base.extend(ClassMethods)
-      end
-
-      def render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
-        context.with_disabled_tags(self.class.disabled_tags) do
-          super
-        end
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
--- a/lib/liquid/tags/assign.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/tags/assign.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module Liquid
+
  # Assign sets a variable in your template.
  #
  #   {% assign foo = 'monkey' %}
@@ -10,51 +9,26 @@ module Liquid
  #  {{ foo }}
  #
  class Assign < Tag
-    Syntax = /(#{VariableSignature}+)\s*=\s*(.*)\s*/om
+    Syntax = /(#{VariableSignature}+)\s*=\s*(.*)\s*/o

-    attr_reader :to, :from
-
-    def initialize(tag_name, markup, options)
-      super
+    def initialize(tag_name, markup, tokens)
      if markup =~ Syntax
-        @to   = Regexp.last_match(1)
-        @from = Variable.new(Regexp.last_match(2), options)
+        @to = $1
+        @from = Variable.new($2)
      else
-        raise SyntaxError, options[:locale].t('errors.syntax.assign')
+        raise SyntaxError.new("Syntax Error in 'assign' - Valid syntax: assign [var] = [source]")
      end
+
+      super
    end

-    def render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
+    def render(context)
      val = @from.render(context)
      context.scopes.last[@to] = val
-      context.resource_limits.increment_assign_score(assign_score_of(val))
-      output
+      context.resource_limits[:assign_score_current] += (val.respond_to?(:length) ? val.length : 1)
+      ''
    end

-    def blank?
-      true
-    end
-
-    private
-
-    def assign_score_of(val)
-      if val.instance_of?(String)
-        val.bytesize
-      elsif val.instance_of?(Array) || val.instance_of?(Hash)
-        sum = 1
-        # Uses #each to avoid extra allocations.
-        val.each { |child| sum += assign_score_of(child) }
-        sum
-      else
-        1
-      end
-    end
-
-    class ParseTreeVisitor < Liquid::ParseTreeVisitor
-      def children
-        [@node.from]
-      end
-    end
  end

  Template.register_tag('assign', Assign)
--- a/lib/liquid/tags/break.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/tags/break.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module Liquid
+
  # Break tag to be used to break out of a for loop.
  #
  # == Basic Usage:
@@ -11,12 +10,11 @@ module Liquid
  #    {% endfor %}
  #
  class Break < Tag
-    INTERRUPT = BreakInterrupt.new.freeze

-    def render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
-      context.push_interrupt(INTERRUPT)
-      output
+    def interrupt
+      BreakInterrupt.new
    end
+
  end

  Template.register_tag('break', Break)
--- a/lib/liquid/tags/capture.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/tags/capture.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module Liquid
+
  # Capture stores the result of a block into a variable without rendering it inplace.
  #
  #   {% capture heading %}
@@ -13,27 +12,23 @@ module Liquid
  # in a sidebar or footer.
  #
  class Capture < Block
-    Syntax = /(#{VariableSignature}+)/o
+    Syntax = /(\w+)/

-    def initialize(tag_name, markup, options)
-      super
+    def initialize(tag_name, markup, tokens)
      if markup =~ Syntax
-        @to = Regexp.last_match(1)
+        @to = $1
      else
-        raise SyntaxError, options[:locale].t("errors.syntax.capture")
+        raise SyntaxError.new("Syntax Error in 'capture' - Valid syntax: capture [var]")
      end
+
+      super
    end

-    def render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
-      context.resource_limits.with_capture do
-        capture_output = render(context)
-        context.scopes.last[@to] = capture_output
-      end
-      output
-    end
-
-    def blank?
-      true
+    def render(context)
+      output = super
+      context.scopes.last[@to] = output
+      context.resource_limits[:assign_score_current] += (output.respond_to?(:length) ? output.length : 1)
+      ''
    end
  end

--- a/lib/liquid/tags/case.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/tags/case.rb
@@ -1,36 +1,22 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module Liquid
  class Case < Block
    Syntax     = /(#{QuotedFragment})/o
-    WhenSyntax = /(#{QuotedFragment})(?:(?:\s+or\s+|\s*\,\s*)(#{QuotedFragment}.*))?/om
+    WhenSyntax = /(#{QuotedFragment})(?:(?:\s+or\s+|\s*\,\s*)(#{QuotedFragment}.*))?/o

-    attr_reader :blocks, :left
-
-    def initialize(tag_name, markup, options)
-      super
+    def initialize(tag_name, markup, tokens)
      @blocks = []

      if markup =~ Syntax
-        @left = Expression.parse(Regexp.last_match(1))
+        @left = $1
      else
-        raise SyntaxError, options[:locale].t("errors.syntax.case")
+        raise SyntaxError.new("Syntax Error in tag 'case' - Valid syntax: case [condition]")
      end
-    end

-    def parse(tokens)
-      body = new_body
-      body = @blocks.last.attachment while parse_body(body, tokens)
-      if blank?
-        @blocks.each { |condition| condition.attachment.remove_blank_strings }
-      end
-    end
-
-    def nodelist
-      @blocks.map(&:attachment)
+      super
    end

    def unknown_tag(tag, markup, tokens)
+      @nodelist = []
      case tag
      when 'when'
        record_when_condition(markup)
@@ -41,54 +27,52 @@ module Liquid
      end
    end

-    def render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
-      execute_else_block = true
+    def render(context)
+      context.stack do
+        execute_else_block = true

-      @blocks.each do |block|
-        if block.else?
-          block.attachment.render_to_output_buffer(context, output) if execute_else_block
-        elsif block.evaluate(context)
-          execute_else_block = false
-          block.attachment.render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
+        output = ''
+        @blocks.each do |block|
+          if block.else?
+            return render_all(block.attachment, context) if execute_else_block
+          elsif block.evaluate(context)
+            execute_else_block = false
+            output << render_all(block.attachment, context)
+          end
        end
+        output
      end
-
-      output
    end

    private

    def record_when_condition(markup)
-      body = new_body
-
      while markup
-        unless markup =~ WhenSyntax
-          raise SyntaxError, options[:locale].t("errors.syntax.case_invalid_when")
+        # Create a new nodelist and assign it to the new block
+        if not markup =~ WhenSyntax
+          raise SyntaxError.new("Syntax Error in tag 'case' - Valid when condition: {% when [condition] [or condition2...] %} ")
        end

-        markup = Regexp.last_match(2)
+        markup = $2

-        block = Condition.new(@left, '==', Condition.parse_expression(Regexp.last_match(1)))
-        block.attach(body)
-        @blocks << block
+        block = Condition.new(@left, '==', $1)
+        block.attach(@nodelist)
+        @blocks.push(block)
      end
    end

    def record_else_condition(markup)
-      unless markup.strip.empty?
-        raise SyntaxError, options[:locale].t("errors.syntax.case_invalid_else")
+
+      if not markup.strip.empty?
+        raise SyntaxError.new("Syntax Error in tag 'case' - Valid else condition: {% else %} (no parameters) ")
      end

      block = ElseCondition.new
-      block.attach(new_body)
+      block.attach(@nodelist)
      @blocks << block
    end

-    class ParseTreeVisitor < Liquid::ParseTreeVisitor
-      def children
-        [@node.left] + @node.blocks
-      end
-    end
+
  end

  Template.register_tag('case', Case)
--- a/lib/liquid/tags/comment.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/tags/comment.rb
@@ -1,16 +1,7 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module Liquid
  class Comment < Block
-    def render_to_output_buffer(_context, output)
-      output
-    end
-
-    def unknown_tag(_tag, _markup, _tokens)
-    end
-
-    def blank?
-      true
+    def render(context)
+      ''
    end
  end

--- a/lib/liquid/tags/continue.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/tags/continue.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module Liquid
+
  # Continue tag to be used to break out of a for loop.
  #
  # == Basic Usage:
@@ -11,12 +10,11 @@ module Liquid
  #    {% endfor %}
  #
  class Continue < Tag
-    INTERRUPT = ContinueInterrupt.new.freeze

-    def render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
-      context.push_interrupt(INTERRUPT)
-      output
+    def interrupt
+      ContinueInterrupt.new
    end
+
  end

  Template.register_tag('continue', Continue)
--- a/lib/liquid/tags/cycle.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/tags/cycle.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module Liquid
+
  # Cycle is usually used within a loop to alternate between values, like colors or DOM classes.
  #
  #   {% for item in items %}
@@ -14,46 +13,35 @@ module Liquid
  #    <div class="green"> Item five</div>
  #
  class Cycle < Tag
-    SimpleSyntax = /\A#{QuotedFragment}+/o
-    NamedSyntax  = /\A(#{QuotedFragment})\s*\:\s*(.*)/om
+    SimpleSyntax = /^#{QuotedFragment}+/o
+    NamedSyntax  = /^(#{QuotedFragment})\s*\:\s*(.*)/o

-    attr_reader :variables
-
-    def initialize(tag_name, markup, options)
-      super
+    def initialize(tag_name, markup, tokens)
      case markup
      when NamedSyntax
-        @variables = variables_from_string(Regexp.last_match(2))
-        @name      = Expression.parse(Regexp.last_match(1))
+        @variables = variables_from_string($2)
+        @name = $1
      when SimpleSyntax
        @variables = variables_from_string(markup)
-        @name      = @variables.to_s
+        @name = "'#{@variables.to_s}'"
      else
-        raise SyntaxError, options[:locale].t("errors.syntax.cycle")
+        raise SyntaxError.new("Syntax Error in 'cycle' - Valid syntax: cycle [name :] var [, var2, var3 ...]")
      end
+      super
    end

-    def render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
-      context.registers[:cycle] ||= {}
+    def render(context)
+      context.registers[:cycle] ||= Hash.new(0)

-      key       = context.evaluate(@name)
-      iteration = context.registers[:cycle][key].to_i
-
-      val = context.evaluate(@variables[iteration])
-
-      if val.is_a?(Array)
-        val = val.join
-      elsif !val.is_a?(String)
-        val = val.to_s
+      context.stack do
+        key = context[@name]
+        iteration = context.registers[:cycle][key]
+        result = context[@variables[iteration]]
+        iteration += 1
+        iteration  = 0  if iteration >= @variables.size
+        context.registers[:cycle][key] = iteration
+        result
      end
-
-      output << val
-
-      iteration += 1
-      iteration = 0 if iteration >= @variables.size
-
-      context.registers[:cycle][key] = iteration
-      output
    end

    private
@@ -61,15 +49,10 @@ module Liquid
    def variables_from_string(markup)
      markup.split(',').collect do |var|
        var =~ /\s*(#{QuotedFragment})\s*/o
-        Regexp.last_match(1) ? Expression.parse(Regexp.last_match(1)) : nil
+        $1 ? $1 : nil
      end.compact
    end

-    class ParseTreeVisitor < Liquid::ParseTreeVisitor
-      def children
-        Array(@node.variables)
-      end
-    end
  end

  Template.register_tag('cycle', Cycle)
--- a/lib/liquid/tags/decrement.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/tags/decrement.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module Liquid
+
  # decrement is used in a place where one needs to insert a counter
  #     into a template, and needs the counter to survive across
  #     multiple instantiations of the template.
@@ -20,18 +19,20 @@ module Liquid
  #    Hello: -3
  #
  class Decrement < Tag
-    def initialize(tag_name, markup, options)
-      super
+    def initialize(tag_name, markup, tokens)
      @variable = markup.strip
+
+      super
    end

-    def render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
+    def render(context)
      value = context.environments.first[@variable] ||= 0
-      value -= 1
+      value = value - 1
      context.environments.first[@variable] = value
-      output << value.to_s
-      output
+      value.to_s
    end
+
+    private
  end

  Template.register_tag('decrement', Decrement)
--- a/lib/liquid/tags/echo.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/tags/echo.rb
@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Liquid
-  # Echo outputs an expression
-  #
-  #   {% echo monkey %}
-  #   {% echo user.name %}
-  #
-  # This is identical to variable output syntax, like {{ foo }}, but works
-  # inside {% liquid %} tags. The full syntax is supported, including filters:
-  #
-  #   {% echo user | link %}
-  #
-  class Echo < Tag
-    def initialize(tag_name, markup, parse_context)
-      super
-      @variable = Variable.new(markup, parse_context)
-    end
-
-    def render(context)
-      @variable.render_to_output_buffer(context, +'')
-    end
-  end
-
-  Template.register_tag('echo', Echo)
-end
--- a/lib/liquid/tags/for.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/tags/for.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module Liquid
+
  # "For" iterates over an array or collection.
  # Several useful variables are available to you within the loop.
  #
@@ -25,7 +24,7 @@ module Liquid
  #      {{ item.name }}
  #    {% end %}
  #
-  #  To reverse the for loop simply use {% for item in collection reversed %} (note that the flag's spelling is different to the filter `reverse`)
+  #  To reverse the for loop simply use {% for item in collection reversed %}
  #
  # == Available variables:
  #
@@ -43,181 +42,100 @@ module Liquid
  #                   where 0 is the last item.
  # forloop.first:: Returns true if the item is the first item.
  # forloop.last:: Returns true if the item is the last item.
-  # forloop.parentloop:: Provides access to the parent loop, if present.
  #
  class For < Block
-    Syntax = /\A(#{VariableSegment}+)\s+in\s+(#{QuotedFragment}+)\s*(reversed)?/o
+    Syntax = /\A(\w+)\s+in\s+(#{QuotedFragment}+)\s*(reversed)?/o

-    attr_reader :collection_name, :variable_name, :limit, :from
+    def initialize(tag_name, markup, tokens)
+      if markup =~ Syntax
+        @variable_name = $1
+        @collection_name = $2
+        @name = "#{$1}-#{$2}"
+        @reversed = $3
+        @attributes = {}
+        markup.scan(TagAttributes) do |key, value|
+          @attributes[key] = value
+        end
+      else
+        raise SyntaxError.new("Syntax Error in 'for loop' - Valid syntax: for [item] in [collection]")
+      end

-    def initialize(tag_name, markup, options)
+      @nodelist = @for_block = []
      super
-      @from = @limit = nil
-      parse_with_selected_parser(markup)
-      @for_block = new_body
-      @else_block = nil
-    end
-
-    def parse(tokens)
-      if parse_body(@for_block, tokens)
-        parse_body(@else_block, tokens)
-      end
-      if blank?
-        @for_block.remove_blank_strings
-        @else_block&.remove_blank_strings
-      end
-    end
-
-    def nodelist
-      @else_block ? [@for_block, @else_block] : [@for_block]
    end

    def unknown_tag(tag, markup, tokens)
      return super unless tag == 'else'
-      @else_block = new_body
+      @nodelist = @else_block = []
    end

-    def render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
-      segment = collection_segment(context)
+    def render(context)
+      context.registers[:for] ||= Hash.new(0)

-      if segment.empty?
-        render_else(context, output)
+      collection = context[@collection_name]
+      collection = collection.to_a if collection.is_a?(Range)
+
+      # Maintains Ruby 1.8.7 String#each behaviour on 1.9
+      return render_else(context) unless iterable?(collection)
+
+      from = if @attributes['offset'] == 'continue'
+        context.registers[:for][@name].to_i
      else
-        render_segment(context, output, segment)
+        context[@attributes['offset']].to_i
      end

-      output
-    end
+      limit = context[@attributes['limit']]
+      to    = limit ? limit.to_i + from : nil

-    protected

-    def lax_parse(markup)
-      if markup =~ Syntax
-        @variable_name   = Regexp.last_match(1)
-        collection_name  = Regexp.last_match(2)
-        @reversed        = !!Regexp.last_match(3)
-        @name            = "#{@variable_name}-#{collection_name}"
-        @collection_name = Expression.parse(collection_name)
-        markup.scan(TagAttributes) do |key, value|
-          set_attribute(key, value)
+      segment = Utils.slice_collection_using_each(collection, from, to)
+
+      return render_else(context) if segment.empty?
+
+      segment.reverse! if @reversed
+
+      result = ''
+
+      length = segment.length
+
+      # Store our progress through the collection for the continue flag
+      context.registers[:for][@name] = from + segment.length
+
+      context.stack do
+        segment.each_with_index do |item, index|
+          context[@variable_name] = item
+          context['forloop'] = {
+            'name'    => @name,
+            'length'  => length,
+            'index'   => index + 1,
+            'index0'  => index,
+            'rindex'  => length - index,
+            'rindex0' => length - index - 1,
+            'first'   => (index == 0),
+          'last'    => (index == length - 1) }
+
+          result << render_all(@for_block, context)
+
+          # Handle any interrupts if they exist.
+          if context.has_interrupt?
+            interrupt = context.pop_interrupt
+            break if interrupt.is_a? BreakInterrupt
+            next if interrupt.is_a? ContinueInterrupt
+          end
        end
-      else
-        raise SyntaxError, options[:locale].t("errors.syntax.for")
      end
-    end
-
-    def strict_parse(markup)
-      p = Parser.new(markup)
-      @variable_name = p.consume(:id)
-      raise SyntaxError, options[:locale].t("errors.syntax.for_invalid_in") unless p.id?('in')
-
-      collection_name  = p.expression
-      @collection_name = Expression.parse(collection_name)
-
-      @name     = "#{@variable_name}-#{collection_name}"
-      @reversed = p.id?('reversed')
-
-      while p.look(:id) && p.look(:colon, 1)
-        unless (attribute = p.id?('limit') || p.id?('offset'))
-          raise SyntaxError, options[:locale].t("errors.syntax.for_invalid_attribute")
-        end
-        p.consume
-        set_attribute(attribute, p.expression)
-      end
-      p.consume(:end_of_string)
+      result
    end

    private

-    def collection_segment(context)
-      offsets = context.registers[:for] ||= {}
-
-      from = if @from == :continue
-        offsets[@name].to_i
-      else
-        from_value = context.evaluate(@from)
-        if from_value.nil?
-          0
-        else
-          Utils.to_integer(from_value)
-        end
+      def render_else(context)
+        return @else_block ? [render_all(@else_block, context)] : ''
      end

-      collection = context.evaluate(@collection_name)
-      collection = collection.to_a if collection.is_a?(Range)
-
-      limit_value = context.evaluate(@limit)
-      to = if limit_value.nil?
-        nil
-      else
-        Utils.to_integer(limit_value) + from
+      def iterable?(collection)
+        collection.respond_to?(:each) || Utils.non_blank_string?(collection)
      end
-
-      segment = Utils.slice_collection(collection, from, to)
-      segment.reverse! if @reversed
-
-      offsets[@name] = from + segment.length
-
-      segment
-    end
-
-    def render_segment(context, output, segment)
-      for_stack = context.registers[:for_stack] ||= []
-      length    = segment.length
-
-      context.stack do
-        loop_vars = Liquid::ForloopDrop.new(@name, length, for_stack[-1])
-
-        for_stack.push(loop_vars)
-
-        begin
-          context['forloop'] = loop_vars
-
-          segment.each do |item|
-            context[@variable_name] = item
-            @for_block.render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
-            loop_vars.send(:increment!)
-
-            # Handle any interrupts if they exist.
-            next unless context.interrupt?
-            interrupt = context.pop_interrupt
-            break if interrupt.is_a?(BreakInterrupt)
-            next if interrupt.is_a?(ContinueInterrupt)
-          end
-        ensure
-          for_stack.pop
-        end
-      end
-
-      output
-    end
-
-    def set_attribute(key, expr)
-      case key
-      when 'offset'
-        @from = if expr == 'continue'
-          :continue
-        else
-          Expression.parse(expr)
-        end
-      when 'limit'
-        @limit = Expression.parse(expr)
-      end
-    end
-
-    def render_else(context, output)
-      if @else_block
-        @else_block.render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
-      else
-        output
-      end
-    end
-
-    class ParseTreeVisitor < Liquid::ParseTreeVisitor
-      def children
-        (super + [@node.limit, @node.from, @node.collection_name]).compact
-      end
-    end
  end

  Template.register_tag('for', For)
--- a/lib/liquid/tags/if.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/tags/if.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module Liquid
+
  # If is the conditional block
  #
  #   {% if user.admin %}
@@ -11,29 +10,18 @@ module Liquid
  #
  #    There are {% if count < 5 %} less {% else %} more {% endif %} items than you need.
  #
+  #
  class If < Block
-    Syntax                  = /(#{QuotedFragment})\s*([=!<>a-z_]+)?\s*(#{QuotedFragment})?/o
+    SyntaxHelp = "Syntax Error in tag 'if' - Valid syntax: if [expression]"
+    Syntax = /(#{QuotedFragment})\s*([=!<>a-z_]+)?\s*(#{QuotedFragment})?/o
    ExpressionsAndOperators = /(?:\b(?:\s?and\s?|\s?or\s?)\b|(?:\s*(?!\b(?:\s?and\s?|\s?or\s?)\b)(?:#{QuotedFragment}|\S+)\s*)+)/o
-    BOOLEAN_OPERATORS       = %w(and or).freeze

-    attr_reader :blocks
-
-    def initialize(tag_name, markup, options)
-      super
+    def initialize(tag_name, markup, tokens)
      @blocks = []
+
      push_block('if', markup)
-    end

-    def nodelist
-      @blocks.map(&:attachment)
-    end
-
-    def parse(tokens)
-      while parse_body(@blocks.last.attachment, tokens)
-      end
-      if blank?
-        @blocks.each { |condition| condition.attachment.remove_blank_strings }
-      end
+      super
    end

    def unknown_tag(tag, markup, tokens)
@@ -44,86 +32,47 @@ module Liquid
      end
    end

-    def render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
-      @blocks.each do |block|
-        if block.evaluate(context)
-          return block.attachment.render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
+    def render(context)
+      context.stack do
+        @blocks.each do |block|
+          if block.evaluate(context)
+            return render_all(block.attachment, context)
+          end
        end
+        ''
      end
-
-      output
    end

    private

-    def push_block(tag, markup)
-      block = if tag == 'else'
-        ElseCondition.new
-      else
-        parse_with_selected_parser(markup)
+      def push_block(tag, markup)
+        block = if tag == 'else'
+          ElseCondition.new
+        else
+
+          expressions = markup.scan(ExpressionsAndOperators).reverse
+          raise(SyntaxError, SyntaxHelp) unless expressions.shift =~ Syntax
+
+          condition = Condition.new($1, $2, $3)
+
+          while not expressions.empty?
+            operator = (expressions.shift).to_s.strip
+
+            raise(SyntaxError, SyntaxHelp) unless expressions.shift.to_s =~ Syntax
+
+            new_condition = Condition.new($1, $2, $3)
+            new_condition.send(operator.to_sym, condition)
+            condition = new_condition
+          end
+
+          condition
+        end
+
+        @blocks.push(block)
+        @nodelist = block.attach(Array.new)
      end

-      @blocks.push(block)
-      block.attach(new_body)
-    end

-    def parse_expression(markup)
-      Condition.parse_expression(markup)
-    end
-
-    def lax_parse(markup)
-      expressions = markup.scan(ExpressionsAndOperators)
-      raise SyntaxError, options[:locale].t("errors.syntax.if") unless expressions.pop =~ Syntax
-
-      condition = Condition.new(parse_expression(Regexp.last_match(1)), Regexp.last_match(2), parse_expression(Regexp.last_match(3)))
-
-      until expressions.empty?
-        operator = expressions.pop.to_s.strip
-
-        raise SyntaxError, options[:locale].t("errors.syntax.if") unless expressions.pop.to_s =~ Syntax
-
-        new_condition = Condition.new(parse_expression(Regexp.last_match(1)), Regexp.last_match(2), parse_expression(Regexp.last_match(3)))
-        raise SyntaxError, options[:locale].t("errors.syntax.if") unless BOOLEAN_OPERATORS.include?(operator)
-        new_condition.send(operator, condition)
-        condition = new_condition
-      end
-
-      condition
-    end
-
-    def strict_parse(markup)
-      p = Parser.new(markup)
-      condition = parse_binary_comparisons(p)
-      p.consume(:end_of_string)
-      condition
-    end
-
-    def parse_binary_comparisons(p)
-      condition = parse_comparison(p)
-      first_condition = condition
-      while (op = (p.id?('and') || p.id?('or')))
-        child_condition = parse_comparison(p)
-        condition.send(op, child_condition)
-        condition = child_condition
-      end
-      first_condition
-    end
-
-    def parse_comparison(p)
-      a = parse_expression(p.expression)
-      if (op = p.consume?(:comparison))
-        b = parse_expression(p.expression)
-        Condition.new(a, op, b)
-      else
-        Condition.new(a)
-      end
-    end
-
-    class ParseTreeVisitor < Liquid::ParseTreeVisitor
-      def children
-        @node.blocks
-      end
-    end
  end

  Template.register_tag('if', If)
--- a/lib/liquid/tags/ifchanged.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/tags/ifchanged.rb
@@ -1,17 +1,18 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module Liquid
  class Ifchanged < Block
-    def render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
-      block_output = +''
-      super(context, block_output)

-      if block_output != context.registers[:ifchanged]
-        context.registers[:ifchanged] = block_output
-        output << block_output
+    def render(context)
+      context.stack do
+
+        output = render_all(@nodelist, context)
+
+        if output != context.registers[:ifchanged]
+          context.registers[:ifchanged] = output
+          output
+        else
+          ''
+        end
      end
-
-      output
    end
  end

--- a/lib/liquid/tags/include.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/tags/include.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module Liquid
+
  # Include allows templates to relate with other templates
  #
  # Simply include another template:
@@ -16,95 +15,78 @@ module Liquid
  #   {% include 'product' for products %}
  #
  class Include < Tag
-    prepend Tag::Disableable
+    Syntax = /(#{QuotedFragment}+)(\s+(?:with|for)\s+(#{QuotedFragment}+))?/o

-    SYNTAX = /(#{QuotedFragment}+)(\s+(?:with|for)\s+(#{QuotedFragment}+))?(\s+(?:as)\s+(#{VariableSegment}+))?/o
-    Syntax = SYNTAX
+    def initialize(tag_name, markup, tokens)
+      if markup =~ Syntax

-    attr_reader :template_name_expr, :variable_name_expr, :attributes
-
-    def initialize(tag_name, markup, options)
-      super
-
-      if markup =~ SYNTAX
-
-        template_name = Regexp.last_match(1)
-        variable_name = Regexp.last_match(3)
-
-        @alias_name         = Regexp.last_match(5)
-        @variable_name_expr = variable_name ? Expression.parse(variable_name) : nil
-        @template_name_expr = Expression.parse(template_name)
-        @attributes         = {}
+        @template_name = $1
+        @variable_name = $3
+        @attributes    = {}

        markup.scan(TagAttributes) do |key, value|
-          @attributes[key] = Expression.parse(value)
+          @attributes[key] = value
        end

      else
-        raise SyntaxError, options[:locale].t("errors.syntax.include")
-      end
-    end
-
-    def parse(_tokens)
-    end
-
-    def render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
-      template_name = context.evaluate(@template_name_expr)
-      raise ArgumentError, options[:locale].t("errors.argument.include") unless template_name
-
-      partial = PartialCache.load(
-        template_name,
-        context: context,
-        parse_context: parse_context
-      )
-
-      context_variable_name = @alias_name || template_name.split('/').last
-
-      variable = if @variable_name_expr
-        context.evaluate(@variable_name_expr)
-      else
-        context.find_variable(template_name, raise_on_not_found: false)
+        raise SyntaxError.new("Error in tag 'include' - Valid syntax: include '[template]' (with|for) [object|collection]")
      end

-      old_template_name = context.template_name
-      old_partial       = context.partial
-      begin
-        context.template_name = template_name
-        context.partial       = true
-        context.stack do
-          @attributes.each do |key, value|
-            context[key] = context.evaluate(value)
-          end
+      super
+    end

-          if variable.is_a?(Array)
-            variable.each do |var|
-              context[context_variable_name] = var
-              partial.render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
-            end
-          else
-            context[context_variable_name] = variable
-            partial.render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
-          end
+    def parse(tokens)
+    end
+
+    def render(context)
+      partial = load_cached_partial(context)
+      variable = context[@variable_name || @template_name[1..-2]]
+
+      context.stack do
+        @attributes.each do |key, value|
+          context[key] = context[value]
        end
-      ensure
-        context.template_name = old_template_name
-        context.partial       = old_partial
-      end

-      output
-    end
-
-    alias_method :parse_context, :options
-    private :parse_context
-
-    class ParseTreeVisitor < Liquid::ParseTreeVisitor
-      def children
-        [
-          @node.template_name_expr,
-          @node.variable_name_expr,
-        ] + @node.attributes.values
+        if variable.is_a?(Array)
+          variable.collect do |var|
+            context[@template_name[1..-2]] = var
+            partial.render(context)
+          end
+        else
+          context[@template_name[1..-2]] = variable
+          partial.render(context)
+        end
      end
    end
+
+    private
+      def load_cached_partial(context)
+        cached_partials = context.registers[:cached_partials] || {}
+        template_name = context[@template_name]
+
+        if cached = cached_partials[template_name]
+          return cached
+        end
+        source = read_template_from_file_system(context)
+        partial = Liquid::Template.parse(source)
+        cached_partials[template_name] = partial
+        context.registers[:cached_partials] = cached_partials
+        partial
+      end
+
+      def read_template_from_file_system(context)
+        file_system = context.registers[:file_system] || Liquid::Template.file_system
+
+        # make read_template_file call backwards-compatible.
+        case file_system.method(:read_template_file).arity
+        when 1
+          file_system.read_template_file(context[@template_name])
+        when 2
+          file_system.read_template_file(context[@template_name], context)
+        else
+          raise ArgumentError, "file_system.read_template_file expects two parameters: (template_name, context)"
+        end
+      end
  end

  Template.register_tag('include', Include)
--- a/lib/liquid/tags/increment.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/tags/increment.rb
@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module Liquid
+
  # increment is used in a place where one needs to insert a counter
  #     into a template, and needs the counter to survive across
  #     multiple instantiations of the template.
  #     (To achieve the survival, the application must keep the context)
  #
  #     if the variable does not exist, it is created with value 0.
-  #
+
  #   Hello: {% increment variable %}
  #
  # gives you:
@@ -17,18 +16,19 @@ module Liquid
  #    Hello: 2
  #
  class Increment < Tag
-    def initialize(tag_name, markup, options)
-      super
+    def initialize(tag_name, markup, tokens)
      @variable = markup.strip
+
+      super
    end

-    def render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
+    def render(context)
      value = context.environments.first[@variable] ||= 0
      context.environments.first[@variable] = value + 1
-
-      output << value.to_s
-      output
+      value.to_s
    end
+
+    private
  end

  Template.register_tag('increment', Increment)
--- a/lib/liquid/tags/raw.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/tags/raw.rb
@@ -1,47 +1,19 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module Liquid
  class Raw < Block
-    Syntax = /\A\s*\z/
-    FullTokenPossiblyInvalid = /\A(.*)#{TagStart}\s*(\w+)\s*(.*)?#{TagEnd}\z/om
-
-    def initialize(tag_name, markup, parse_context)
-      super
-
-      ensure_valid_markup(tag_name, markup, parse_context)
-    end
+    FullTokenPossiblyInvalid = /^(.*)#{TagStart}\s*(\w+)\s*(.*)?#{TagEnd}$/o

    def parse(tokens)
-      @body = +''
-      while (token = tokens.shift)
+      @nodelist ||= []
+      @nodelist.clear
+      while token = tokens.shift
        if token =~ FullTokenPossiblyInvalid
-          @body << Regexp.last_match(1) if Regexp.last_match(1) != ""
-          return if block_delimiter == Regexp.last_match(2)
+          @nodelist << $1 if $1 != ""
+          if block_delimiter == $2
+            end_tag
+            return
+          end
        end
-        @body << token unless token.empty?
-      end
-
-      raise SyntaxError, parse_context.locale.t("errors.syntax.tag_never_closed", block_name: block_name)
-    end
-
-    def render_to_output_buffer(_context, output)
-      output << @body
-      output
-    end
-
-    def nodelist
-      [@body]
-    end
-
-    def blank?
-      @body.empty?
-    end
-
-    protected
-
-    def ensure_valid_markup(tag_name, markup, parse_context)
-      unless Syntax.match?(markup)
-        raise SyntaxError, parse_context.locale.t("errors.syntax.tag_unexpected_args", tag: tag_name)
+        @nodelist << token if not token.empty?
      end
    end
  end
--- a/lib/liquid/tags/render.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/tags/render.rb
@@ -1,84 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Liquid
-  class Render < Tag
-    FOR = 'for'
-    SYNTAX = /(#{QuotedString}+)(\s+(with|#{FOR})\s+(#{QuotedFragment}+))?(\s+(?:as)\s+(#{VariableSegment}+))?/o
-
-    disable_tags "include"
-
-    attr_reader :template_name_expr, :attributes
-
-    def initialize(tag_name, markup, options)
-      super
-
-      raise SyntaxError, options[:locale].t("errors.syntax.render") unless markup =~ SYNTAX
-
-      template_name = Regexp.last_match(1)
-      with_or_for = Regexp.last_match(3)
-      variable_name = Regexp.last_match(4)
-
-      @alias_name = Regexp.last_match(6)
-      @variable_name_expr = variable_name ? Expression.parse(variable_name) : nil
-      @template_name_expr = Expression.parse(template_name)
-      @for = (with_or_for == FOR)
-
-      @attributes = {}
-      markup.scan(TagAttributes) do |key, value|
-        @attributes[key] = Expression.parse(value)
-      end
-    end
-
-    def render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
-      render_tag(context, output)
-    end
-
-    def render_tag(context, output)
-      # Though we evaluate this here we will only ever parse it as a string literal.
-      template_name = context.evaluate(@template_name_expr)
-      raise ArgumentError, options[:locale].t("errors.argument.include") unless template_name
-
-      partial = PartialCache.load(
-        template_name,
-        context: context,
-        parse_context: parse_context
-      )
-
-      context_variable_name = @alias_name || template_name.split('/').last
-
-      render_partial_func = ->(var, forloop) {
-        inner_context               = context.new_isolated_subcontext
-        inner_context.template_name = template_name
-        inner_context.partial       = true
-        inner_context['forloop']    = forloop if forloop
-
-        @attributes.each do |key, value|
-          inner_context[key] = context.evaluate(value)
-        end
-        inner_context[context_variable_name] = var unless var.nil?
-        partial.render_to_output_buffer(inner_context, output)
-        forloop&.send(:increment!)
-      }
-
-      variable = @variable_name_expr ? context.evaluate(@variable_name_expr) : nil
-      if @for && variable.respond_to?(:each) && variable.respond_to?(:count)
-        forloop = Liquid::ForloopDrop.new(template_name, variable.count, nil)
-        variable.each { |var| render_partial_func.call(var, forloop) }
-      else
-        render_partial_func.call(variable, nil)
-      end
-
-      output
-    end
-
-    class ParseTreeVisitor < Liquid::ParseTreeVisitor
-      def children
-        [
-          @node.template_name_expr,
-        ] + @node.attributes.values
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-  Template.register_tag('render', Render)
-end
--- a/lib/liquid/tags/table_row.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/tags/table_row.rb
@@ -1,66 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Liquid
-  class TableRow < Block
-    Syntax = /(\w+)\s+in\s+(#{QuotedFragment}+)/o
-
-    attr_reader :variable_name, :collection_name, :attributes
-
-    def initialize(tag_name, markup, options)
-      super
-      if markup =~ Syntax
-        @variable_name   = Regexp.last_match(1)
-        @collection_name = Expression.parse(Regexp.last_match(2))
-        @attributes      = {}
-        markup.scan(TagAttributes) do |key, value|
-          @attributes[key] = Expression.parse(value)
-        end
-      else
-        raise SyntaxError, options[:locale].t("errors.syntax.table_row")
-      end
-    end
-
-    def render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
-      (collection = context.evaluate(@collection_name)) || (return '')
-
-      from = @attributes.key?('offset') ? context.evaluate(@attributes['offset']).to_i : 0
-      to   = @attributes.key?('limit')  ? from + context.evaluate(@attributes['limit']).to_i : nil
-
-      collection = Utils.slice_collection(collection, from, to)
-      length     = collection.length
-
-      cols = context.evaluate(@attributes['cols']).to_i
-
-      output << "<tr class=\"row1\">\n"
-      context.stack do
-        tablerowloop = Liquid::TablerowloopDrop.new(length, cols)
-        context['tablerowloop'] = tablerowloop
-
-        collection.each do |item|
-          context[@variable_name] = item
-
-          output << "<td class=\"col#{tablerowloop.col}\">"
-          super
-          output << '</td>'
-
-          if tablerowloop.col_last && !tablerowloop.last
-            output << "</tr>\n<tr class=\"row#{tablerowloop.row + 1}\">"
-          end
-
-          tablerowloop.send(:increment!)
-        end
-      end
-
-      output << "</tr>\n"
-      output
-    end
-
-    class ParseTreeVisitor < Liquid::ParseTreeVisitor
-      def children
-        super + @node.attributes.values + [@node.collection_name]
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-  Template.register_tag('tablerow', TableRow)
-end
--- a/lib/liquid/tags/unless.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/tags/unless.rb
@@ -1,30 +1,33 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require_relative 'if'
+require File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/if'

 module Liquid
+
  # Unless is a conditional just like 'if' but works on the inverse logic.
  #
-  #   {% unless x < 0 %} x is greater than zero {% endunless %}
+  #   {% unless x < 0 %} x is greater than zero {% end %}
  #
  class Unless < If
-    def render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
-      # First condition is interpreted backwards ( if not )
-      first_block = @blocks.first
-      unless first_block.evaluate(context)
-        return first_block.attachment.render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
-      end
+    def render(context)
+      context.stack do

-      # After the first condition unless works just like if
-      @blocks[1..-1].each do |block|
-        if block.evaluate(context)
-          return block.attachment.render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
+        # First condition is interpreted backwards ( if not )
+        first_block = @blocks.first
+        unless first_block.evaluate(context)
+          return render_all(first_block.attachment, context)
        end
-      end

-      output
+        # After the first condition unless works just like if
+        @blocks[1..-1].each do |block|
+          if block.evaluate(context)
+            return render_all(block.attachment, context)
+          end
+        end
+
+        ''
+      end
    end
  end

+
  Template.register_tag('unless', Unless)
 end
--- a/lib/liquid/template.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/template.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module Liquid
+
  # Templates are central to liquid.
  # Interpretating templates is a two step process. First you compile the
  # source code you got. During compile time some extensive error checking is performed.
@@ -15,103 +14,49 @@ module Liquid
  #   template.render('user_name' => 'bob')
  #
  class Template
-    attr_accessor :root
-    attr_reader :resource_limits, :warnings
-
-    class TagRegistry
-      include Enumerable
-
-      def initialize
-        @tags  = {}
-        @cache = {}
-      end
-
-      def [](tag_name)
-        return nil unless @tags.key?(tag_name)
-        return @cache[tag_name] if Liquid.cache_classes
-
-        lookup_class(@tags[tag_name]).tap { |o| @cache[tag_name] = o }
-      end
-
-      def []=(tag_name, klass)
-        @tags[tag_name]  = klass.name
-        @cache[tag_name] = klass
-      end
-
-      def delete(tag_name)
-        @tags.delete(tag_name)
-        @cache.delete(tag_name)
-      end
-
-      def each(&block)
-        @tags.each(&block)
-      end
-
-      private
-
-      def lookup_class(name)
-        Object.const_get(name)
-      end
-    end
-
-    attr_reader :profiler
+    attr_accessor :root, :resource_limits
+    @@file_system = BlankFileSystem.new

    class << self
-      # Sets how strict the parser should be.
-      # :lax acts like liquid 2.5 and silently ignores malformed tags in most cases.
-      # :warn is the default and will give deprecation warnings when invalid syntax is used.
-      # :strict will enforce correct syntax.
-      attr_accessor :error_mode
-      Template.error_mode = :lax
-
-      attr_accessor :default_exception_renderer
-      Template.default_exception_renderer = lambda do |exception|
-        exception
+      def file_system
+        @@file_system
      end

-      attr_accessor :file_system
-      Template.file_system = BlankFileSystem.new
-
-      attr_accessor :tags
-      Template.tags = TagRegistry.new
-      private :tags=
+      def file_system=(obj)
+        @@file_system = obj
+      end

      def register_tag(name, klass)
        tags[name.to_s] = klass
      end

+      def tags
+        @tags ||= {}
+      end
+
      # Pass a module with filter methods which should be available
      # to all liquid views. Good for registering the standard library
      def register_filter(mod)
-        StrainerFactory.add_global_filter(mod)
+        Strainer.global_filter(mod)
      end

-      attr_accessor :default_resource_limits
-      Template.default_resource_limits = {}
-      private :default_resource_limits=
-
      # creates a new <tt>Template</tt> object from liquid source code
-      # To enable profiling, pass in <tt>profile: true</tt> as an option.
-      # See Liquid::Profiler for more information
-      def parse(source, options = {})
-        new.parse(source, options)
+      def parse(source)
+        template = Template.new
+        template.parse(source)
+        template
      end
    end

+    # creates a new <tt>Template</tt> from an array of tokens. Use <tt>Template.parse</tt> instead
    def initialize
-      @rethrow_errors  = false
-      @resource_limits = ResourceLimits.new(Template.default_resource_limits)
+      @resource_limits = {}
    end

    # Parse source code.
    # Returns self for easy chaining
-    def parse(source, options = {})
-      @options      = options
-      @profiling    = options[:profile]
-      @line_numbers = options[:line_numbers] || @profiling
-      parse_context = options.is_a?(ParseContext) ? options : ParseContext.new(options)
-      @root         = Document.parse(tokenize(source), parse_context)
-      @warnings     = parse_context.warnings
+    def parse(source)
+      @root = Document.new(tokenize(source))
      self
    end

@@ -136,9 +81,6 @@ module Liquid
    # if you use the same filters over and over again consider registering them globally
    # with <tt>Template.register_filter</tt>
    #
-    # if profiling was enabled in <tt>Template#parse</tt> then the resulting profiling information
-    # will be available via <tt>Template#profiler</tt>
-    #
    # Following options can be passed:
    #
    #  * <tt>filters</tt> : array with local filters
@@ -150,51 +92,41 @@ module Liquid

      context = case args.first
      when Liquid::Context
-        c = args.shift
-
-        if @rethrow_errors
-          c.exception_renderer = ->(_e) { raise }
-        end
-
-        c
+        args.shift
      when Liquid::Drop
-        drop         = args.shift
+        drop = args.shift
        drop.context = Context.new([drop, assigns], instance_assigns, registers, @rethrow_errors, @resource_limits)
      when Hash
        Context.new([args.shift, assigns], instance_assigns, registers, @rethrow_errors, @resource_limits)
      when nil
        Context.new(assigns, instance_assigns, registers, @rethrow_errors, @resource_limits)
      else
-        raise ArgumentError, "Expected Hash or Liquid::Context as parameter"
+        raise ArgumentError, "Expect Hash or Liquid::Context as parameter"
      end

-      output = nil
-
-      context_register = context.registers.is_a?(StaticRegisters) ? context.registers.static : context.registers
-
      case args.last
      when Hash
        options = args.pop
-        output  = options[:output] if options[:output]

-        options[:registers]&.each do |key, register|
-          context_register[key] = register
+        if options[:registers].is_a?(Hash)
+          self.registers.merge!(options[:registers])
        end

-        apply_options_to_context(context, options)
-      when Module, Array
+        if options[:filters]
+          context.add_filters(options[:filters])
+        end
+
+      when Module
+        context.add_filters(args.pop)
+      when Array
        context.add_filters(args.pop)
      end

-      # Retrying a render resets resource usage
-      context.resource_limits.reset
-
      begin
        # render the nodelist.
        # for performance reasons we get an array back here. join will make a string out of it.
-        with_profiling(context) do
-          @root.render_to_output_buffer(context, output || +'')
-        end
+        result = @root.render(context)
+        result.respond_to?(:join) ? result.join : result
      rescue Liquid::MemoryError => e
        context.handle_error(e)
      ensure
@@ -203,43 +135,22 @@ module Liquid
    end

    def render!(*args)
-      @rethrow_errors = true
-      render(*args)
-    end
-
-    def render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
-      render(context, output: output)
+      @rethrow_errors = true; render(*args)
    end

    private

+    # Uses the <tt>Liquid::TemplateParser</tt> regexp to tokenize the passed source
    def tokenize(source)
-      Tokenizer.new(source, @line_numbers)
+      source = source.source if source.respond_to?(:source)
+      return [] if source.to_s.empty?
+      tokens = source.split(TemplateParser)
+
+      # removes the rogue empty element at the beginning of the array
+      tokens.shift if tokens[0] and tokens[0].empty?
+
+      tokens
    end

-    def with_profiling(context)
-      if @profiling && !context.partial
-        raise "Profiler not loaded, require 'liquid/profiler' first" unless defined?(Liquid::Profiler)
-
-        @profiler = Profiler.new(context.template_name)
-        @profiler.start
-
-        begin
-          yield
-        ensure
-          @profiler.stop
-        end
-      else
-        yield
-      end
-    end
-
-    def apply_options_to_context(context, options)
-      context.add_filters(options[:filters]) if options[:filters]
-      context.global_filter      = options[:global_filter] if options[:global_filter]
-      context.exception_renderer = options[:exception_renderer] if options[:exception_renderer]
-      context.strict_variables   = options[:strict_variables] if options[:strict_variables]
-      context.strict_filters     = options[:strict_filters] if options[:strict_filters]
-    end
  end
 end
--- a/lib/liquid/template_factory.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/template_factory.rb
@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Liquid
-  class TemplateFactory
-    def for(_template_name)
-      Liquid::Template.new
-    end
-  end
-end
--- a/lib/liquid/tokenizer.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/tokenizer.rb
@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Liquid
-  class Tokenizer
-    attr_reader :line_number, :for_liquid_tag
-
-    def initialize(source, line_numbers = false, line_number: nil, for_liquid_tag: false)
-      @source         = source
-      @line_number    = line_number || (line_numbers ? 1 : nil)
-      @for_liquid_tag = for_liquid_tag
-      @tokens         = tokenize
-    end
-
-    def shift
-      (token = @tokens.shift) || return
-
-      if @line_number
-        @line_number += @for_liquid_tag ? 1 : token.count("\n")
-      end
-
-      token
-    end
-
-    private
-
-    def tokenize
-      return [] if @source.to_s.empty?
-
-      return @source.split("\n") if @for_liquid_tag
-
-      tokens = @source.split(TemplateParser)
-
-      # removes the rogue empty element at the beginning of the array
-      tokens.shift if tokens[0]&.empty?
-
-      tokens
-    end
-  end
-end
--- a/lib/liquid/usage.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/usage.rb
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Liquid
-  module Usage
-    def self.increment(name)
-    end
-  end
-end
--- a/lib/liquid/utils.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/utils.rb
@@ -1,26 +1,14 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module Liquid
  module Utils
-    def self.slice_collection(collection, from, to)
-      if (from != 0 || !to.nil?) && collection.respond_to?(:load_slice)
-        collection.load_slice(from, to)
-      else
-        slice_collection_using_each(collection, from, to)
-      end
-    end
-
    def self.slice_collection_using_each(collection, from, to)
      segments = []
-      index    = 0
+      index = 0

      # Maintains Ruby 1.8.7 String#each behaviour on 1.9
-      if collection.is_a?(String)
-        return collection.empty? ? [] : [collection]
-      end
-      return [] unless collection.respond_to?(:each)
+      return [collection] if non_blank_string?(collection)

      collection.each do |item|
+
        if to && to <= index
          break
        end
@@ -35,51 +23,8 @@ module Liquid
      segments
    end

-    def self.to_integer(num)
-      return num if num.is_a?(Integer)
-      num = num.to_s
-      begin
-        Integer(num)
-      rescue ::ArgumentError
-        raise Liquid::ArgumentError, "invalid integer"
-      end
-    end
-
-    def self.to_number(obj)
-      case obj
-      when Float
-        BigDecimal(obj.to_s)
-      when Numeric
-        obj
-      when String
-        /\A-?\d+\.\d+\z/.match?(obj.strip) ? BigDecimal(obj) : obj.to_i
-      else
-        if obj.respond_to?(:to_number)
-          obj.to_number
-        else
-          0
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    def self.to_date(obj)
-      return obj if obj.respond_to?(:strftime)
-
-      if obj.is_a?(String)
-        return nil if obj.empty?
-        obj = obj.downcase
-      end
-
-      case obj
-      when 'now', 'today'
-        Time.now
-      when /\A\d+\z/, Integer
-        Time.at(obj.to_i)
-      when String
-        Time.parse(obj)
-      end
-    rescue ::ArgumentError
-      nil
+    def self.non_blank_string?(collection)
+      collection.is_a?(String) && collection != ''
    end
  end
 end
--- a/lib/liquid/variable.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/variable.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module Liquid
+
  # Holds variables. Variables are only loaded "just in time"
  # and are not evaluated as part of the render stage
  #
@@ -12,137 +11,46 @@ module Liquid
  #   {{ user | link }}
  #
  class Variable
-    FilterMarkupRegex        = /#{FilterSeparator}\s*(.*)/om
-    FilterParser             = /(?:\s+|#{QuotedFragment}|#{ArgumentSeparator})+/o
-    FilterArgsRegex          = /(?:#{FilterArgumentSeparator}|#{ArgumentSeparator})\s*((?:\w+\s*\:\s*)?#{QuotedFragment})/o
-    JustTagAttributes        = /\A#{TagAttributes}\z/o
-    MarkupWithQuotedFragment = /(#{QuotedFragment})(.*)/om
+    FilterParser = /(?:#{FilterSeparator}|(?:\s*(?:#{QuotedFragment}|#{ArgumentSeparator})\s*)+)/o
+    attr_accessor :filters, :name

-    attr_accessor :filters, :name, :line_number
-    attr_reader :parse_context
-    alias_method :options, :parse_context
-
-    include ParserSwitching
-
-    def initialize(markup, parse_context)
-      @markup        = markup
-      @name          = nil
-      @parse_context = parse_context
-      @line_number   = parse_context.line_number
-
-      parse_with_selected_parser(markup)
-    end
-
-    def raw
-      @markup
-    end
-
-    def markup_context(markup)
-      "in \"{{#{markup}}}\""
-    end
-
-    def lax_parse(markup)
+    def initialize(markup)
+      @markup  = markup
+      @name    = nil
      @filters = []
-      return unless markup =~ MarkupWithQuotedFragment
-
-      name_markup   = Regexp.last_match(1)
-      filter_markup = Regexp.last_match(2)
-      @name         = Expression.parse(name_markup)
-      if filter_markup =~ FilterMarkupRegex
-        filters = Regexp.last_match(1).scan(FilterParser)
-        filters.each do |f|
-          next unless f =~ /\w+/
-          filtername = Regexp.last_match(0)
-          filterargs = f.scan(FilterArgsRegex).flatten
-          @filters << parse_filter_expressions(filtername, filterargs)
+      if match = markup.match(/\s*(#{QuotedFragment})(.*)/o)
+        @name = match[1]
+        if match[2].match(/#{FilterSeparator}\s*(.*)/o)
+          filters = Regexp.last_match(1).scan(FilterParser)
+          filters.each do |f|
+            if matches = f.match(/\s*(\w+)/)
+              filtername = matches[1]
+              filterargs = f.scan(/(?:#{FilterArgumentSeparator}|#{ArgumentSeparator})\s*((?:\w+\s*\:\s*)?#{QuotedFragment})/o).flatten
+              @filters << [filtername, filterargs]
+            end
+          end
        end
      end
    end

-    def strict_parse(markup)
-      @filters = []
-      p = Parser.new(markup)
-
-      @name = Expression.parse(p.expression)
-      while p.consume?(:pipe)
-        filtername = p.consume(:id)
-        filterargs = p.consume?(:colon) ? parse_filterargs(p) : []
-        @filters << parse_filter_expressions(filtername, filterargs)
-      end
-      p.consume(:end_of_string)
-    end
-
-    def parse_filterargs(p)
-      # first argument
-      filterargs = [p.argument]
-      # followed by comma separated others
-      filterargs << p.argument while p.consume?(:comma)
-      filterargs
-    end
-
    def render(context)
-      obj = @filters.inject(context.evaluate(@name)) do |output, (filter_name, filter_args, filter_kwargs)|
-        filter_args = evaluate_filter_expressions(context, filter_args, filter_kwargs)
-        context.invoke(filter_name, output, *filter_args)
-      end
-
-      context.apply_global_filter(obj)
-    end
-
-    def render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
-      obj = render(context)
-
-      if obj.is_a?(Array)
-        output << obj.join
-      elsif obj.nil?
-      else
-        output << obj.to_s
-      end
-
-      output
-    end
-
-    def disabled?(_context)
-      false
-    end
-
-    def disabled_tags
-      []
-    end
-
-    private
-
-    def parse_filter_expressions(filter_name, unparsed_args)
-      filter_args  = []
-      keyword_args = nil
-      unparsed_args.each do |a|
-        if (matches = a.match(JustTagAttributes))
-          keyword_args           ||= {}
-          keyword_args[matches[1]] = Expression.parse(matches[2])
-        else
-          filter_args << Expression.parse(a)
+      return '' if @name.nil?
+      @filters.inject(context[@name]) do |output, filter|
+        filterargs = []
+        keyword_args = {}
+        filter[1].to_a.each do |a|
+          if matches = a.match(/\A#{TagAttributes}\z/o)
+            keyword_args[matches[1]] = context[matches[2]]
+          else
+            filterargs << context[a]
+          end
        end
-      end
-      result = [filter_name, filter_args]
-      result << keyword_args if keyword_args
-      result
-    end
-
-    def evaluate_filter_expressions(context, filter_args, filter_kwargs)
-      parsed_args = filter_args.map { |expr| context.evaluate(expr) }
-      if filter_kwargs
-        parsed_kwargs = {}
-        filter_kwargs.each do |key, expr|
-          parsed_kwargs[key] = context.evaluate(expr)
+        filterargs << keyword_args unless keyword_args.empty?
+        begin
+          output = context.invoke(filter[0], output, *filterargs)
+        rescue FilterNotFound
+          raise FilterNotFound, "Error - filter '#{filter[0]}' in '#{@markup.strip}' could not be found."
        end
-        parsed_args << parsed_kwargs
-      end
-      parsed_args
-    end
-
-    class ParseTreeVisitor < Liquid::ParseTreeVisitor
-      def children
-        [@node.name] + @node.filters.flatten
      end
    end
  end
--- a/lib/liquid/variable_lookup.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/variable_lookup.rb
@@ -1,90 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-module Liquid
-  class VariableLookup
-    SQUARE_BRACKETED = /\A\[(.*)\]\z/m
-    COMMAND_METHODS  = ['size', 'first', 'last'].freeze
-
-    attr_reader :name, :lookups
-
-    def self.parse(markup)
-      new(markup)
-    end
-
-    def initialize(markup)
-      lookups = markup.scan(VariableParser)
-
-      name = lookups.shift
-      if name =~ SQUARE_BRACKETED
-        name = Expression.parse(Regexp.last_match(1))
-      end
-      @name = name
-
-      @lookups       = lookups
-      @command_flags = 0
-
-      @lookups.each_index do |i|
-        lookup = lookups[i]
-        if lookup =~ SQUARE_BRACKETED
-          lookups[i] = Expression.parse(Regexp.last_match(1))
-        elsif COMMAND_METHODS.include?(lookup)
-          @command_flags |= 1 << i
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    def evaluate(context)
-      name   = context.evaluate(@name)
-      object = context.find_variable(name)
-
-      @lookups.each_index do |i|
-        key = context.evaluate(@lookups[i])
-
-        # If object is a hash- or array-like object we look for the
-        # presence of the key and if its available we return it
-        if object.respond_to?(:[]) &&
-            ((object.respond_to?(:key?) && object.key?(key)) ||
-             (object.respond_to?(:fetch) && key.is_a?(Integer)))
-
-          # if its a proc we will replace the entry with the proc
-          res    = context.lookup_and_evaluate(object, key)
-          object = res.to_liquid
-
-          # Some special cases. If the part wasn't in square brackets and
-          # no key with the same name was found we interpret following calls
-          # as commands and call them on the current object
-        elsif @command_flags & (1 << i) != 0 && object.respond_to?(key)
-          object = object.send(key).to_liquid
-
-          # No key was present with the desired value and it wasn't one of the directly supported
-          # keywords either. The only thing we got left is to return nil or
-          # raise an exception if `strict_variables` option is set to true
-        else
-          return nil unless context.strict_variables
-          raise Liquid::UndefinedVariable, "undefined variable #{key}"
-        end
-
-        # If we are dealing with a drop here we have to
-        object.context = context if object.respond_to?(:context=)
-      end
-
-      object
-    end
-
-    def ==(other)
-      self.class == other.class && state == other.state
-    end
-
-    protected
-
-    def state
-      [@name, @lookups, @command_flags]
-    end
-
-    class ParseTreeVisitor < Liquid::ParseTreeVisitor
-      def children
-        @node.lookups
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
--- a/lib/liquid/version.rb
+++ b/lib/liquid/version.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
 # encoding: utf-8
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module Liquid
-  VERSION = "4.0.3"
+  VERSION = "2.6.0"
 end
--- a/liquid.gemspec
+++ b/liquid.gemspec
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 # encoding: utf-8
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 lib = File.expand_path('../lib/', __FILE__)
-$LOAD_PATH.unshift(lib) unless $LOAD_PATH.include?(lib)
+$:.unshift lib unless $:.include?(lib)

 require "liquid/version"

@@ -11,22 +9,17 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |s|
  s.version     = Liquid::VERSION
  s.platform    = Gem::Platform::RUBY
  s.summary     = "A secure, non-evaling end user template engine with aesthetic markup."
-  s.authors     = ["Tobias Lütke"]
+  s.authors     = ["Tobias Luetke"]
  s.email       = ["tobi@leetsoft.com"]
  s.homepage    = "http://www.liquidmarkup.org"
-  s.license     = "MIT"
-  # s.description = "A secure, non-evaling end user template engine with aesthetic markup."
+  #s.description = "A secure, non-evaling end user template engine with aesthetic markup."

-  s.required_ruby_version     = ">= 2.4.0"
  s.required_rubygems_version = ">= 1.3.7"

  s.test_files  = Dir.glob("{test}/**/*")
-  s.files       = Dir.glob("{lib}/**/*") + %w(LICENSE README.md)
+  s.files       = Dir.glob("{lib}/**/*") + %w(MIT-LICENSE README.md)

-  s.extra_rdoc_files = ["History.md", "README.md"]
+  s.extra_rdoc_files  = ["History.md", "README.md"]

  s.require_path = "lib"
-
-  s.add_development_dependency('rake', '~> 13.0')
-  s.add_development_dependency('minitest')
 end
--- a/performance/benchmark.rb
+++ b/performance/benchmark.rb
@@ -1,20 +1,11 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
+require 'rubygems'
+require 'benchmark'
+require File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/theme_runner'

-require 'benchmark/ips'
-require_relative 'theme_runner'
-
-Liquid::Template.error_mode = ARGV.first.to_sym if ARGV.first
 profiler = ThemeRunner.new

-Benchmark.ips do |x|
-  x.time   = 10
-  x.warmup = 5
-
-  puts
-  puts "Running benchmark for #{x.time} seconds (with #{x.warmup} seconds warmup)."
-  puts
-
-  x.report("parse:") { profiler.compile }
-  x.report("render:") { profiler.render }
-  x.report("parse & render:") { profiler.run }
+Benchmark.bmbm do |x|
+  x.report("parse:")   { 100.times { profiler.compile } }
+  x.report("parse & run:")   { 100.times { profiler.run } }
 end
+
--- a/performance/memory_profile.rb
+++ b/performance/memory_profile.rb
@@ -1,63 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require 'benchmark/ips'
-require 'memory_profiler'
-require 'terminal-table'
-require_relative 'theme_runner'
-
-class Profiler
-  LOG_LABEL   = "Profiling: ".rjust(14).freeze
-  REPORTS_DIR = File.expand_path('.memprof', __dir__).freeze
-
-  def self.run
-    puts
-    yield new
-  end
-
-  def initialize
-    @allocated = []
-    @retained  = []
-    @headings  = []
-  end
-
-  def profile(phase, &block)
-    print(LOG_LABEL)
-    print("#{phase}.. ".ljust(10))
-    report = MemoryProfiler.report(&block)
-    puts 'Done.'
-    @headings  << phase.capitalize
-    @allocated << "#{report.scale_bytes(report.total_allocated_memsize)} (#{report.total_allocated} objects)"
-    @retained  << "#{report.scale_bytes(report.total_retained_memsize)} (#{report.total_retained} objects)"
-
-    return if ENV['CI']
-
-    require 'fileutils'
-    report_file = File.join(REPORTS_DIR, "#{sanitize(phase)}.txt")
-    FileUtils.mkdir_p(REPORTS_DIR)
-    report.pretty_print(to_file: report_file, scale_bytes: true)
-  end
-
-  def tabulate
-    table = Terminal::Table.new(headings: @headings.unshift('Phase')) do |t|
-      t << @allocated.unshift('Total allocated')
-      t << @retained.unshift('Total retained')
-    end
-
-    puts
-    puts table
-    puts "\nDetailed report(s) saved to #{REPORTS_DIR}/" unless ENV['CI']
-  end
-
-  def sanitize(string)
-    string.downcase.gsub(/[\W]/, '-').squeeze('-')
-  end
-end
-
-Liquid::Template.error_mode = ARGV.first.to_sym if ARGV.first
-
-runner = ThemeRunner.new
-Profiler.run do |x|
-  x.profile('parse') { runner.compile }
-  x.profile('render') { runner.render }
-  x.tabulate
-end
--- a/performance/profile.rb
+++ b/performance/profile.rb
@@ -1,26 +1,19 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
+require 'rubygems'
+require 'ruby-prof' rescue fail("install ruby-prof extension/gem")
+require File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/theme_runner'

-require 'stackprof'
-require_relative 'theme_runner'
-
-Liquid::Template.error_mode = ARGV.first.to_sym if ARGV.first
 profiler = ThemeRunner.new
-profiler.run

-[:cpu, :object].each do |profile_type|
-  puts "Profiling in #{profile_type} mode..."
-  results = StackProf.run(mode: profile_type) do
-    200.times do
-      profiler.run
-    end
-  end
+puts 'Running profiler...'

-  if profile_type == :cpu && (graph_filename = ENV['GRAPH_FILENAME'])
-    File.open(graph_filename, 'w') do |f|
-      StackProf::Report.new(results).print_graphviz(nil, f)
-    end
-  end
+results  = profiler.run

-  StackProf::Report.new(results).print_text(false, 20)
-  File.write(ENV['FILENAME'] + "." + profile_type.to_s, Marshal.dump(results)) if ENV['FILENAME']
+puts 'Success'
+puts
+
+[RubyProf::FlatPrinter, RubyProf::GraphPrinter, RubyProf::GraphHtmlPrinter, RubyProf::CallTreePrinter].each do |klass|
+  filename = (ENV['TMP'] || '/tmp') + (klass.name.include?('Html') ? "/liquid.#{klass.name.downcase}.html" : "/callgrind.liquid.#{klass.name.downcase}.txt")
+  filename.gsub!(/:+/, '_')
+  File.open(filename, "w+") { |fp| klass.new(results).print(fp, :print_file => true) }
+  $stderr.puts "wrote #{klass.name} output to #{filename}"
 end
--- a/performance/shopify/comment_form.rb
+++ b/performance/shopify/comment_form.rb
@@ -1,20 +1,18 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 class CommentForm < Liquid::Block
  Syntax = /(#{Liquid::VariableSignature}+)/

-  def initialize(tag_name, markup, options)
-    super
-
+  def initialize(tag_name, markup, tokens)
    if markup =~ Syntax
-      @variable_name = Regexp.last_match(1)
-      @attributes    = {}
+      @variable_name = $1
+      @attributes = {}
    else
-      raise SyntaxError, "Syntax Error in 'comment_form' - Valid syntax: comment_form [article]"
+      raise SyntaxError.new("Syntax Error in 'comment_form' - Valid syntax: comment_form [article]")
    end
+
+    super
  end

-  def render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
+  def render(context)
    article = context[@variable_name]

    context.stack do
@@ -22,16 +20,14 @@ class CommentForm < Liquid::Block
        'posted_successfully?' => context.registers[:posted_successfully],
        'errors' => context['comment.errors'],
        'author' => context['comment.author'],
-        'email' => context['comment.email'],
-        'body' => context['comment.body'],
+        'email'  => context['comment.email'],
+        'body'   => context['comment.body']
      }
-
-      output << wrap_in_form(article, render_all(@nodelist, context, output))
-      output
+      wrap_in_form(article, render_all(@nodelist, context))
    end
  end

  def wrap_in_form(article, input)
-    %(<form id="article-#{article.id}-comment-form" class="comment-form" method="post" action="">\n#{input}\n</form>)
+    %Q{<form id="article-#{article.id}-comment-form" class="comment-form" method="post" action="">\n#{input}\n</form>}
  end
 end
--- a/performance/shopify/database.rb
+++ b/performance/shopify/database.rb
@@ -1,13 +1,11 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 require 'yaml'
-
 module Database
+
  # Load the standard vision toolkit database and re-arrage it to be simply exportable
  # to liquid as assigns. All this is based on Shopify
  def self.tables
    @tables ||= begin
-      db = YAML.load_file("#{__dir__}/vision.database.yml")
+      db = YAML.load_file(File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/vision.database.yml')

      # From vision source
      db['products'].each do |product|
@@ -18,10 +16,9 @@ module Database
      end

      # key the tables by handles, as this is how liquid expects it.
-      db = db.each_with_object({}) do |(key, values), assigns|
-        assigns[key] = values.each_with_object({}) do |v, h|
-          h[v['handle']] = v
-        end
+      db = db.inject({}) do |assigns, (key, values)|
+        assigns[key] = values.inject({}) { |h, v| h[v['handle']] = v; h; }
+        assigns
      end

      # Some standard direct accessors so that the specialized templates
@@ -32,9 +29,9 @@ module Database
      db['article']    = db['blog']['articles'].first

      db['cart']       = {
-        'total_price' => db['line_items'].values.inject(0) { |sum, item| sum + item['line_price'] * item['quantity'] },
-        'item_count' => db['line_items'].values.inject(0) { |sum, item| sum + item['quantity'] },
-        'items' => db['line_items'].values,
+        'total_price' => db['line_items'].values.inject(0) { |sum, item| sum += item['line_price'] * item['quantity'] },
+        'item_count'  => db['line_items'].values.inject(0) { |sum, item| sum += item['quantity'] },
+        'items'       => db['line_items'].values
      }

      db
@@ -42,7 +39,7 @@ module Database
  end
 end

-if __FILE__ == $PROGRAM_NAME
-  p(Database.tables['collections']['frontpage'].keys)
-  # p Database.tables['blog']['articles']
+if __FILE__ == $0
+  p Database.tables['collections']['frontpage'].keys
+  #p Database.tables['blog']['articles']
 end
--- a/performance/shopify/json_filter.rb
+++ b/performance/shopify/json_filter.rb
@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require 'json'
-
 module JsonFilter
+
  def json(object)
-    JSON.dump(object.reject { |k, _v| k == "collections" })
+    object.reject {|k,v| k == "collections" }.to_json
  end
+
 end
--- a/performance/shopify/liquid.rb
+++ b/performance/shopify/liquid.rb
@@ -1,21 +1,19 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
+$:.unshift File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/../../lib'
+require File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/../../lib/liquid'

-$LOAD_PATH.unshift(__dir__ + '/../../lib')
-require_relative '../../lib/liquid'
+require File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/comment_form'
+require File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/paginate'
+require File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/json_filter'
+require File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/money_filter'
+require File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/shop_filter'
+require File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/tag_filter'
+require File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/weight_filter'

-require_relative 'comment_form'
-require_relative 'paginate'
-require_relative 'json_filter'
-require_relative 'money_filter'
-require_relative 'shop_filter'
-require_relative 'tag_filter'
-require_relative 'weight_filter'
+Liquid::Template.register_tag 'paginate', Paginate
+Liquid::Template.register_tag 'form', CommentForm

-Liquid::Template.register_tag('paginate', Paginate)
-Liquid::Template.register_tag('form', CommentForm)
-
-Liquid::Template.register_filter(JsonFilter)
-Liquid::Template.register_filter(MoneyFilter)
-Liquid::Template.register_filter(WeightFilter)
-Liquid::Template.register_filter(ShopFilter)
-Liquid::Template.register_filter(TagFilter)
+Liquid::Template.register_filter JsonFilter
+Liquid::Template.register_filter MoneyFilter
+Liquid::Template.register_filter WeightFilter
+Liquid::Template.register_filter ShopFilter
+Liquid::Template.register_filter TagFilter
--- a/performance/shopify/money_filter.rb
+++ b/performance/shopify/money_filter.rb
@@ -1,14 +1,13 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module MoneyFilter
+
  def money_with_currency(money)
    return '' if money.nil?
-    format("$ %.2f USD", money / 100.0)
+    sprintf("$ %.2f USD", money/100.0)
  end

  def money(money)
    return '' if money.nil?
-    format("$ %.2f", money / 100.0)
+    sprintf("$ %.2f", money/100.0)
  end

  private
--- a/performance/shopify/paginate.rb
+++ b/performance/shopify/paginate.rb
@@ -1,15 +1,13 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 class Paginate < Liquid::Block
-  Syntax = /(#{Liquid::QuotedFragment})\s*(by\s*(\d+))?/
+  Syntax     = /(#{Liquid::QuotedFragment})\s*(by\s*(\d+))?/

-  def initialize(tag_name, markup, options)
-    super
+  def initialize(tag_name, markup, tokens)
+    @nodelist = []

    if markup =~ Syntax
-      @collection_name = Regexp.last_match(1)
-      @page_size       = if Regexp.last_match(2)
-        Regexp.last_match(3).to_i
+      @collection_name = $1
+      @page_size = if $2
+        $3.to_i
      else
        20
      end
@@ -19,47 +17,50 @@ class Paginate < Liquid::Block
        @attributes[key] = value
      end
    else
-      raise SyntaxError, "Syntax Error in tag 'paginate' - Valid syntax: paginate [collection] by number"
+      raise SyntaxError.new("Syntax Error in tag 'paginate' - Valid syntax: paginate [collection] by number")
    end
+
+    super
  end

-  def render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
+  def render(context)
    @context = context

    context.stack do
-      current_page = context['current_page'].to_i
+      current_page  = context['current_page'].to_i

      pagination = {
-        'page_size' => @page_size,
-        'current_page' => 5,
-        'current_offset' => @page_size * 5,
+        'page_size'      => @page_size,
+        'current_page'   => 5,
+        'current_offset' => @page_size * 5
      }

      context['paginate'] = pagination

-      collection_size = context[@collection_name].size
+      collection_size  = context[@collection_name].size

-      raise ArgumentError, "Cannot paginate array '#{@collection_name}'. Not found." if collection_size.nil?
+      raise ArgumentError.new("Cannot paginate array '#{@collection_name}'. Not found.") if collection_size.nil?

      page_count = (collection_size.to_f / @page_size.to_f).to_f.ceil + 1

      pagination['items']      = collection_size
-      pagination['pages']      = page_count - 1
-      pagination['previous']   = link('&laquo; Previous', current_page - 1)  unless 1 >= current_page
-      pagination['next']       = link('Next &raquo;', current_page + 1)      unless page_count <= current_page + 1
+      pagination['pages']      = page_count -1
+      pagination['previous']   = link('&laquo; Previous', current_page-1 )  unless 1 >= current_page
+      pagination['next']       = link('Next &raquo;', current_page+1 )      unless page_count <= current_page+1
      pagination['parts']      = []

      hellip_break = false

      if page_count > 2
-        1.upto(page_count - 1) do |page|
+        1.upto(page_count-1) do |page|
+
          if current_page == page
            pagination['parts'] << no_link(page)
          elsif page == 1
            pagination['parts'] << link(page, page)
-          elsif page == page_count - 1
+          elsif page == page_count -1
            pagination['parts'] << link(page, page)
-          elsif page <= current_page - @attributes['window_size'] || page >= current_page + @attributes['window_size']
+          elsif page <= current_page - @attributes['window_size'] or page >= current_page + @attributes['window_size']
            next if hellip_break
            pagination['parts'] << no_link('&hellip;')
            hellip_break = true
@@ -72,18 +73,18 @@ class Paginate < Liquid::Block
        end
      end

-      super
+      render_all(@nodelist, context)
    end
  end

  private

  def no_link(title)
-    { 'title' => title, 'is_link' => false }
+    { 'title' => title, 'is_link' => false}
  end

  def link(title, page)
-    { 'title' => title, 'url' => current_url + "?page=#{page}", 'is_link' => true }
+    { 'title' => title, 'url' => current_url + "?page=#{page}", 'is_link' => true}
  end

  def current_url
--- a/performance/shopify/shop_filter.rb
+++ b/performance/shopify/shop_filter.rb
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module ShopFilter
+
  def asset_url(input)
    "/files/1/[shop_id]/[shop_id]/assets/#{input}"
  end
@@ -17,21 +16,21 @@ module ShopFilter
    %(<script src="#{url}" type="text/javascript"></script>)
  end

-  def stylesheet_tag(url, media = "all")
+  def stylesheet_tag(url, media="all")
    %(<link href="#{url}" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"  media="#{media}"  />)
  end

-  def link_to(link, url, title = "")
-    %(<a href="#{url}" title="#{title}">#{link}</a>)
+  def link_to(link, url, title="")
+    %|<a href="#{url}" title="#{title}">#{link}</a>|
  end

-  def img_tag(url, alt = "")
-    %(<img src="#{url}" alt="#{alt}" />)
+  def img_tag(url, alt="")
+    %|<img src="#{url}" alt="#{alt}" />|
  end

  def link_to_vendor(vendor)
    if vendor
-      link_to(vendor, url_for_vendor(vendor), vendor)
+      link_to vendor, url_for_vendor(vendor), vendor
    else
      'Unknown Vendor'
    end
@@ -39,47 +38,51 @@ module ShopFilter

  def link_to_type(type)
    if type
-      link_to(type, url_for_type(type), type)
+      link_to type, url_for_type(type), type
    else
      'Unknown Vendor'
    end
  end

  def url_for_vendor(vendor_title)
-    "/collections/#{to_handle(vendor_title)}"
+    "/collections/#{vendor_title.to_handle}"
  end

  def url_for_type(type_title)
-    "/collections/#{to_handle(type_title)}"
+    "/collections/#{type_title.to_handle}"
  end

  def product_img_url(url, style = 'small')
-    unless url =~ %r{\Aproducts/([\w\-\_]+)\.(\w{2,4})}
+
+    unless url =~ /^products\/([\w\-\_]+)\.(\w{2,4})/
      raise ArgumentError, 'filter "size" can only be called on product images'
    end

    case style
    when 'original'
-      '/files/shops/random_number/' + url
+      return '/files/shops/random_number/' + url
    when 'grande', 'large', 'medium', 'compact', 'small', 'thumb', 'icon'
-      "/files/shops/random_number/products/#{Regexp.last_match(1)}_#{style}.#{Regexp.last_match(2)}"
+      "/files/shops/random_number/products/#{$1}_#{style}.#{$2}"
    else
      raise ArgumentError, 'valid parameters for filter "size" are: original, grande, large, medium, compact, small, thumb and icon '
    end
  end

  def default_pagination(paginate)
+
    html = []
    html << %(<span class="prev">#{link_to(paginate['previous']['title'], paginate['previous']['url'])}</span>) if paginate['previous']

-    paginate['parts'].each do |part|
-      html << if part['is_link']
-        %(<span class="page">#{link_to(part['title'], part['url'])}</span>)
+    for part in paginate['parts']
+
+      if part['is_link']
+        html << %(<span class="page">#{link_to(part['title'], part['url'])}</span>)
      elsif part['title'].to_i == paginate['current_page'].to_i
-        %(<span class="page current">#{part['title']}</span>)
+        html << %(<span class="page current">#{part['title']}</span>)
      else
-        %(<span class="deco">#{part['title']}</span>)
+        html << %(<span class="deco">#{part['title']}</span>)
      end
+
    end

    html << %(<span class="next">#{link_to(paginate['next']['title'], paginate['next']['url'])}</span>) if paginate['next']
@@ -92,15 +95,4 @@ module ShopFilter
    input == 1 ? singular : plural
  end

-  private
-
-  def to_handle(str)
-    result = str.dup
-    result.downcase!
-    result.delete!("'\"()[]")
-    result.gsub!(/\W+/, '-')
-    result.gsub!(/-+\z/, '') if result[-1] == '-'
-    result.gsub!(/\A-+/, '') if result[0] == '-'
-    result
-  end
 end
--- a/performance/shopify/tag_filter.rb
+++ b/performance/shopify/tag_filter.rb
@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module TagFilter
+
  def link_to_tag(label, tag)
    "<a title=\"Show tag #{tag}\" href=\"/collections/#{@context['handle']}/#{tag}\">#{label}</a>"
  end

-  def highlight_active_tag(tag, css_class = 'active')
+  def highlight_active_tag(tag, css_class='active')
    if @context['current_tags'].include?(tag)
      "<span class=\"#{css_class}\">#{tag}</span>"
    else
@@ -15,11 +14,12 @@ module TagFilter

  def link_to_add_tag(label, tag)
    tags = (@context['current_tags'] + [tag]).uniq
-    "<a title=\"Show tag #{tag}\" href=\"/collections/#{@context['handle']}/#{tags.join('+')}\">#{label}</a>"
+    "<a title=\"Show tag #{tag}\" href=\"/collections/#{@context['handle']}/#{tags.join("+")}\">#{label}</a>"
  end

  def link_to_remove_tag(label, tag)
    tags = (@context['current_tags'] - [tag]).uniq
-    "<a title=\"Show tag #{tag}\" href=\"/collections/#{@context['handle']}/#{tags.join('+')}\">#{label}</a>"
+    "<a title=\"Show tag #{tag}\" href=\"/collections/#{@context['handle']}/#{tags.join("+")}\">#{label}</a>"
  end
+
 end
--- a/performance/shopify/weight_filter.rb
+++ b/performance/shopify/weight_filter.rb
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 module WeightFilter
+
  def weight(grams)
-    format("%.2f", grams / 1000)
+    sprintf("%.2f", grams / 1000)
  end

  def weight_with_unit(grams)
    "#{weight(grams)} kg"
  end
+
 end
--- a/performance/tests/dropify/index.liquid
+++ b/performance/tests/dropify/index.liquid
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
  {% else %}
    <div class="article-body textile">
    In <em>Admin &gt; Blogs &amp; Pages</em>, create a page with the handle <strong><code>frontpage</code></strong> and it will show up here.<br />
-    {{ "Learn more about handles" | link_to: "http://wiki.shopify.com/Handle" }}
+    {{ "Learn more about handles" | link_to "http://wiki.shopify.com/Handle" }}
    </div>
  {% endif %}

--- a/performance/tests/ripen/index.liquid
+++ b/performance/tests/ripen/index.liquid
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@
      {{ article.content }}
    {% else %}
      In <em>Admin &gt; Blogs &amp; Pages</em>, create a page with the handle <strong><code>frontpage</code></strong> and it will show up here.<br />
-      {{ "Learn more about handles" | link_to: "http://wiki.shopify.com/Handle" }}
+      {{ "Learn more about handles" | link_to "http://wiki.shopify.com/Handle" }}
    {% endif %}
  </div>
 </div>
--- a/performance/tests/vogue/index.liquid
+++ b/performance/tests/vogue/index.liquid
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
      {{ article.content }}
    {% else %}
      In <em>Admin &gt; Blogs &amp; Pages</em>, create a page with the handle <strong><code>frontpage</code></strong> and it will show up here.<br />
-      {{ "Learn more about handles" | link_to: "http://wiki.shopify.com/Handle" }}
+      {{ "Learn more about handles" | link_to "http://wiki.shopify.com/Handle" }}
    {% endif %}
  </div>

--- a/performance/theme_runner.rb
+++ b/performance/theme_runner.rb
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
 # This profiler run simulates Shopify.
 # We are looking in the tests directory for liquid files and render them within the designated layout file.
 # We will also export a substantial database to liquid which the templates can render values of.
@@ -8,115 +6,115 @@
 # Shopify which is likely the biggest user of liquid in the world which something to the tune of several
 # million Template#render calls a day.

-require_relative 'shopify/liquid'
-require_relative 'shopify/database'
+require 'rubygems'
+require 'active_support'
+require 'yaml'
+require 'digest/md5'
+require File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/shopify/liquid'
+require File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/shopify/database.rb'

 class ThemeRunner
  class FileSystem
+
    def initialize(path)
      @path = path
    end

    # Called by Liquid to retrieve a template file
-    def read_template_file(template_path)
+    def read_template_file(template_path, context)
      File.read(@path + '/' + template_path + '.liquid')
    end
  end

-  # Initialize a new liquid ThemeRunner instance
-  # Will load all templates into memory, do this now so that we don't profile IO.
+  # Load all templates into memory, do this now so that
+  # we don't profile IO.
  def initialize
-    @tests = Dir[__dir__ + '/tests/**/*.liquid'].collect do |test|
+    @tests = Dir[File.dirname(__FILE__) + '/tests/**/*.liquid'].collect do |test|
      next if File.basename(test) == 'theme.liquid'

      theme_path = File.dirname(test) + '/theme.liquid'
-      {
-        liquid: File.read(test),
-        layout: (File.file?(theme_path) ? File.read(theme_path) : nil),
-        template_name: test,
-      }
+
+      [File.read(test), (File.file?(theme_path) ? File.read(theme_path) : nil), test]
    end.compact
-
-    compile_all_tests
  end

-  # `compile` will test just the compilation portion of liquid without any templates
  def compile
-    @tests.each do |test_hash|
-      Liquid::Template.new.parse(test_hash[:liquid])
-      Liquid::Template.new.parse(test_hash[:layout])
+    # Dup assigns because will make some changes to them
+
+    @tests.each do |liquid, layout, template_name|
+
+      tmpl = Liquid::Template.new
+      tmpl.parse(liquid)
+      tmpl = Liquid::Template.new
+      tmpl.parse(layout)
    end
  end

-  # `run` is called to benchmark rendering and compiling at the same time
-  def run
-    each_test do |liquid, layout, assigns, page_template, template_name|
-      compile_and_render(liquid, layout, assigns, page_template, template_name)
-    end
-  end
-
-  # `render` is called to benchmark just the render portion of liquid
-  def render
-    @compiled_tests.each do |test|
-      tmpl    = test[:tmpl]
-      assigns = test[:assigns]
-      layout  = test[:layout]
-
-      if layout
-        assigns['content_for_layout'] = tmpl.render!(assigns)
-        layout.render!(assigns)
-      else
-        tmpl.render!(assigns)
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-  private
-
-  def compile_and_render(template, layout, assigns, page_template, template_file)
-    compiled_test                 = compile_test(template, layout, assigns, page_template, template_file)
-    assigns['content_for_layout'] = compiled_test[:tmpl].render!(assigns)
-    compiled_test[:layout].render!(assigns) if layout
-  end
-
-  def compile_all_tests
-    @compiled_tests = []
-    each_test do |liquid, layout, assigns, page_template, template_name|
-      @compiled_tests << compile_test(liquid, layout, assigns, page_template, template_name)
-    end
-    @compiled_tests
-  end
-
-  def compile_test(template, layout, assigns, page_template, template_file)
-    tmpl            = init_template(page_template, template_file)
-    parsed_template = tmpl.parse(template).dup
-
-    if layout
-      parsed_layout = tmpl.parse(layout)
-      { tmpl: parsed_template, assigns: assigns, layout: parsed_layout }
-    else
-      { tmpl: parsed_template, assigns: assigns }
-    end
-  end
-
-  # utility method with similar functionality needed in `compile_all_tests` and `run`
-  def each_test
+   def run
    # Dup assigns because will make some changes to them
    assigns = Database.tables.dup

-    @tests.each do |test_hash|
-      # Compute page_template outside of profiler run, uninteresting to profiler
-      page_template = File.basename(test_hash[:template_name], File.extname(test_hash[:template_name]))
-      yield(test_hash[:liquid], test_hash[:layout], assigns, page_template, test_hash[:template_name])
+    @tests.each do |liquid, layout, template_name|
+
+      # Compute page_tempalte outside of profiler run, uninteresting to profiler
+      page_template = File.basename(template_name, File.extname(template_name))
+      compile_and_render(liquid, layout, assigns, page_template, template_name)
+
    end
  end

-  # set up a new Liquid::Template object for use in `compile_and_render` and `compile_test`
-  def init_template(page_template, template_file)
-    tmpl                         = Liquid::Template.new
-    tmpl.assigns['page_title']   = 'Page title'
-    tmpl.assigns['template']     = page_template
+
+  def run_profile
+    RubyProf.measure_mode = RubyProf::WALL_TIME
+
+    # Dup assigns because will make some changes to them
+    assigns = Database.tables.dup
+
+    @tests.each do |liquid, layout, template_name|
+
+      # Compute page_tempalte outside of profiler run, uninteresting to profiler
+      html = nil
+      page_template = File.basename(template_name, File.extname(template_name))
+
+      unless @started
+        RubyProf.start
+        RubyProf.pause
+        @started = true
+      end
+
+      html = nil
+
+      RubyProf.resume
+      html = compile_and_render(liquid, layout, assigns, page_template, template_name)
+      RubyProf.pause
+
+
+      # return the result and the MD5 of the content, this can be used to detect regressions between liquid version
+      $stdout.puts "* rendered template %s, content: %s" % [template_name, Digest::MD5.hexdigest(html)]
+
+      # Uncomment to dump html files to /tmp so that you can inspect for errors
+      # File.open("/tmp/#{File.basename(template_name)}.html", "w+") { |fp| fp <<html}
+    end
+
+    RubyProf.stop
+  end
+
+  def compile_and_render(template, layout, assigns, page_template, template_file)
+    tmpl = Liquid::Template.new
+    tmpl.assigns['page_title'] = 'Page title'
+    tmpl.assigns['template'] = page_template
    tmpl.registers[:file_system] = ThemeRunner::FileSystem.new(File.dirname(template_file))
-    tmpl
+
+    content_for_layout = tmpl.parse(template).render(assigns)
+
+    if layout
+      assigns['content_for_layout'] = content_for_layout
+      tmpl.parse(layout).render(assigns)
+    else
+      content_for_layout
+    end
  end
 end
+
+
+
--- a/test/fixtures/en_locale.yml
+++ b/test/fixtures/en_locale.yml
@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
---
-  simple: "less is more"
-  whatever: "something %{something}"
-  errors:
-    i18n:
-      undefined_interpolation: "undefined key %{key}"
-      unknown_translation: "translation '%{name}' wasn't found"
-    syntax:
-      oops: "something wasn't right"
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Arthur Neves	442041206f	Update history log	2013-11-25 10:25:39 -05:00
Arthur Neves	dc6c6fbb9a	Bump version to 2.6.0	2013-11-25 10:24:30 -05:00
Florian Weingarten	4293be3154	Update history	2013-11-11 09:02:32 -05:00
Arthur Nogueira Neves	736c11c876	Merge pull request #268 from Shopify/better_rake Improve Rakefile Conflicts: Rakefile	2013-10-10 10:59:26 -04:00
Arthur Neves	a41a60d294	Bump version to rc1	2013-10-10 10:22:35 -04:00
Florian Weingarten	307cab2eaa	History and gemspec Conflicts: History.md liquid.gemspec	2013-10-09 17:04:47 -04:00
Arthur Neves	a64360d148	Update history Conflicts: History.md	2013-10-09 16:33:44 -04:00
Florian Weingarten	6cb5a9b7cc	Merge pull request #234 from Shopify/fix_mapping_procs Fix mapping over procs	2013-10-09 16:32:53 -04:00
Florian Weingarten	4207d1f086	Merge pull request #232 from Shopify/to_liquid_stuff Always call 'to_liquid' on stuff in map filter and allow to_liquid to be...	2013-10-09 16:32:45 -04:00
Florian Weingarten	988a1694fd	Use invoke_drop in map filter	2013-10-09 16:32:38 -04:00