Improve error message of Liquid::MemoryLimit.

The existing error message is too generic since there are three types of limits in place.
It is useful to know which limit was reached to make it easier to debug the error.

.rubocop-https---shopify-github-io-ruby-style-guide-rubocop-yml

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# Recommended rubocop version: ~> 0.78.0
+
 AllCops:
   Exclude:
   - 'db/schema.rb'
@@ -20,7 +22,7 @@ Style/Alias:
   - prefer_alias
   - prefer_alias_method
 
-Layout/AlignHash:
+Layout/HashAlignment:
   EnforcedHashRocketStyle: key
   EnforcedColonStyle: key
   EnforcedLastArgumentHashStyle: ignore_implicit
@@ -30,7 +32,7 @@ Layout/AlignHash:
   - ignore_implicit
   - ignore_explicit
 
-Layout/AlignParameters:
+Layout/ParameterAlignment:
   EnforcedStyle: with_fixed_indentation
   SupportedStyles:
   - with_first_parameter
@@ -172,7 +174,7 @@ Naming/FileName:
   Regex:
   IgnoreExecutableScripts: true
 
-Layout/IndentFirstArgument:
+Layout/FirstArgumentIndentation:
   EnforcedStyle: consistent
   SupportedStyles:
   - consistent
@@ -225,7 +227,7 @@ Layout/IndentationConsistency:
 Layout/IndentationWidth:
   Width: 2
 
-Layout/IndentFirstArrayElement:
+Layout/FirstArrayElementIndentation:
   EnforcedStyle: consistent
   SupportedStyles:
   - special_inside_parentheses
@@ -233,10 +235,10 @@ Layout/IndentFirstArrayElement:
   - align_brackets
   IndentationWidth:
 
-Layout/IndentAssignment:
+Layout/AssignmentIndentation:
   IndentationWidth:
 
-Layout/IndentFirstHashElement:
+Layout/FirstHashElementIndentation:
   EnforcedStyle: consistent
   SupportedStyles:
   - special_inside_parentheses
@@ -340,9 +342,9 @@ Style/PercentQLiterals:
 Naming/PredicateName:
   NamePrefix:
   - is_
-  NamePrefixBlacklist:
+  ForbiddenPrefixes:
   - is_
-  NameWhitelist:
+  AllowedMethods:
   - is_a?
   Exclude:
   - 'spec/**/*'
@@ -467,7 +469,7 @@ Style/TernaryParentheses:
   - require_no_parentheses
   AllowSafeAssignment: true
 
-Layout/TrailingBlankLines:
+Layout/TrailingEmptyLines:
   EnforcedStyle: final_newline
   SupportedStyles:
   - final_newline
@@ -478,7 +480,7 @@ Style/TrivialAccessors:
   AllowPredicates: true
   AllowDSLWriters: false
   IgnoreClassMethods: false
-  Whitelist:
+  AllowedMethods:
   - to_ary
   - to_a
   - to_c
@@ -509,7 +511,7 @@ Style/WhileUntilModifier:
 Metrics/BlockNesting:
   Max: 3
 
-Metrics/LineLength:
+Layout/LineLength:
   Max: 120
   AllowHeredoc: true
   AllowURI: true
@@ -561,7 +563,7 @@ Lint/UnusedMethodArgument:
 Naming/AccessorMethodName:
   Enabled: true
 
-Layout/AlignArray:
+Layout/ArrayAlignment:
   Enabled: true
 
 Style/ArrayJoin:
@@ -819,13 +821,13 @@ Layout/TrailingWhitespace:
 Style/UnlessElse:
   Enabled: true
 
-Style/UnneededCapitalW:
+Style/RedundantCapitalW:
   Enabled: true
 
-Style/UnneededInterpolation:
+Style/RedundantInterpolation:
   Enabled: true
 
-Style/UnneededPercentQ:
+Style/RedundantPercentQ:
   Enabled: true
 
 Style/VariableInterpolation:
@@ -840,7 +842,7 @@ Style/WhileUntilDo:
 Style/ZeroLengthPredicate:
   Enabled: true
 
-Layout/IndentHeredoc:
+Layout/HeredocIndentation:
   EnforcedStyle: squiggly
 
 Lint/AmbiguousOperator:
@@ -864,7 +866,7 @@ Lint/DeprecatedClassMethods:
 Lint/DuplicateMethods:
   Enabled: true
 
-Lint/DuplicatedKey:
+Lint/DuplicateHashKey:
   Enabled: true
 
 Lint/EachWithObjectArgument:
@@ -891,8 +893,8 @@ Lint/FloatOutOfRange:
 Lint/FormatParameterMismatch:
   Enabled: true
 
-Lint/HandleExceptions:
-  Enabled: true
+Lint/SuppressedException:
+  AllowComments: true
 
 Lint/ImplicitStringConcatenation:
   Description: Checks for adjacent string literals on the same line, which could
@@ -947,7 +949,7 @@ Lint/ShadowedException:
 Lint/ShadowingOuterLocalVariable:
   Enabled: true
 
-Lint/StringConversionInInterpolation:
+Lint/RedundantStringCoercion:
   Enabled: true
 
 Lint/UnderscorePrefixedVariableName:
@@ -956,13 +958,13 @@ Lint/UnderscorePrefixedVariableName:
 Lint/UnifiedInteger:
   Enabled: true
 
-Lint/UnneededCopDisableDirective:
+Lint/RedundantCopDisableDirective:
   Enabled: true
 
-Lint/UnneededCopEnableDirective:
+Lint/RedundantCopEnableDirective:
   Enabled: true
 
-Lint/UnneededSplatExpansion:
+Lint/RedundantSplatExpansion:
   Enabled: true
 
 Lint/UnreachableCode:

.rubocop_todo.yml

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ Lint/InheritException:
 # Cop supports --auto-correct.
 # Configuration parameters: AutoCorrect, AllowHeredoc, AllowURI, URISchemes, IgnoreCopDirectives, IgnoredPatterns.
 # URISchemes: http, https
-Metrics/LineLength:
+Layout/LineLength:
   Max: 294
 
 # Offense count: 44

.travis.yml

@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ cache: bundler
 rvm:
   - 2.4
   - 2.5
-  - &latest_ruby 2.6
-  - 2.7
+  - 2.6
+  - &latest_ruby 2.7
   - ruby-head
 
 matrix:
@@ -13,8 +13,6 @@ matrix:
     - rvm: *latest_ruby
       script: bundle exec rake memory_profile:run
       name: Profiling Memory Usage
-  allow_failures:
-    - rvm: ruby-head
 
 branches:
   only:

Gemfile

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ group :benchmark, :test do
 end
 
 group :test do
-  gem 'rubocop', '~> 0.74.0', require: false
+  gem 'rubocop', '~> 0.78.0', require: false
   gem 'rubocop-performance', require: false
 
   platform :mri, :truffleruby do

History.md

@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
 # Liquid Change Log
 
+### Unreleased
+
+* Split Strainer class as a factory and a template (#1208) [Thierry Joyal]
+* Remove handling of a nil context in the Strainer class (#1218) [Thierry Joyal]
+* Change `Liquid::MemoryError` message to be more specific about which limit was reached. (#1206) [Alan Tan]
+
 ## 4.0.3 / 2019-03-12
 
 ### Fixed

Rakefile

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ desc('run test suite with default parser')
 Rake::TestTask.new(:base_test) do |t|
   t.libs << '.' << 'lib' << 'test'
   t.test_files = FileList['test/{integration,unit}/**/*_test.rb']
-  t.verbose = false
+  t.verbose    = false
 end
 
 desc('run test suite with warn error mode')

example/server/liquid_servlet.rb

@@ -12,16 +12,16 @@ class LiquidServlet < WEBrick::HTTPServlet::AbstractServlet
   private
 
   def handle(_type, req, res)
-    @request = req
+    @request  = req
     @response = res
 
     @request.path_info =~ /(\w+)\z/
-    @action = Regexp.last_match(1) || 'index'
+    @action  = Regexp.last_match(1) || 'index'
     @assigns = send(@action) if respond_to?(@action)
 
     @response['Content-Type'] = "text/html"
     @response.status = 200
-    @response.body = Liquid::Template.parse(read_template).render(@assigns, filters: [ProductsFilter])
+    @response.body   = Liquid::Template.parse(read_template).render(@assigns, filters: [ProductsFilter])
   end
 
   def read_template(filename = @action)

lib/liquid.rb

@@ -57,7 +57,8 @@ require 'liquid/forloop_drop'
 require 'liquid/extensions'
 require 'liquid/errors'
 require 'liquid/interrupts'
-require 'liquid/strainer'
+require 'liquid/strainer_factory'
+require 'liquid/strainer_template'
 require 'liquid/expression'
 require 'liquid/context'
 require 'liquid/parser_switching'
@@ -80,6 +81,7 @@ require 'liquid/partial_cache'
 require 'liquid/usage'
 require 'liquid/register'
 require 'liquid/static_registers'
+require 'liquid/template_factory'
 
 # Load all the tags of the standard library
 #

lib/liquid/block_body.rb

@@ -1,19 +1,21 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
+require 'English'
+
 module Liquid
   class BlockBody
-    LiquidTagToken = /\A\s*(\w+)\s*(.*?)\z/o
-    FullToken = /\A#{TagStart}#{WhitespaceControl}?(\s*)(\w+)(\s*)(.*?)#{WhitespaceControl}?#{TagEnd}\z/om
-    ContentOfVariable = /\A#{VariableStart}#{WhitespaceControl}?(.*?)#{WhitespaceControl}?#{VariableEnd}\z/om
+    LiquidTagToken      = /\A\s*(\w+)\s*(.*?)\z/o
+    FullToken           = /\A#{TagStart}#{WhitespaceControl}?(\s*)(\w+)(\s*)(.*?)#{WhitespaceControl}?#{TagEnd}\z/om
+    ContentOfVariable   = /\A#{VariableStart}#{WhitespaceControl}?(.*?)#{WhitespaceControl}?#{VariableEnd}\z/om
     WhitespaceOrNothing = /\A\s*\z/
-    TAGSTART = "{%"
-    VARSTART = "{{"
+    TAGSTART            = "{%"
+    VARSTART            = "{{"
 
     attr_reader :nodelist
 
     def initialize
       @nodelist = []
-      @blank = true
+      @blank    = true
     end
 
     def parse(tokenizer, parse_context, &block)
@@ -35,7 +37,7 @@ module Liquid
             return yield token, token
           end
           tag_name = Regexp.last_match(1)
-          markup = Regexp.last_match(2)
+          markup   = Regexp.last_match(2)
           unless (tag = registered_tags[tag_name])
             # end parsing if we reach an unknown tag and let the caller decide
             # determine how to proceed
@@ -51,6 +53,21 @@ module Liquid
       yield nil, nil
     end
 
+    # @api private
+    def self.unknown_tag_in_liquid_tag(end_tag_name, end_tag_markup)
+      yield end_tag_name, end_tag_markup
+    ensure
+      Usage.increment("liquid_tag_contains_outer_tag") unless $ERROR_INFO.is_a?(SyntaxError)
+    end
+
+    private def parse_liquid_tag(markup, parse_context, &block)
+      liquid_tag_tokenizer = Tokenizer.new(markup, line_number: parse_context.line_number, for_liquid_tag: true)
+      parse_for_liquid_tag(liquid_tag_tokenizer, parse_context) do |end_tag_name, end_tag_markup|
+        next unless end_tag_name
+        self.class.unknown_tag_in_liquid_tag(end_tag_name, end_tag_markup, &block)
+      end
+    end
+
     private def parse_for_document(tokenizer, parse_context, &block)
       while (token = tokenizer.shift)
         next if token.empty?
@@ -61,7 +78,7 @@ module Liquid
             raise_missing_tag_terminator(token, parse_context)
           end
           tag_name = Regexp.last_match(2)
-          markup = Regexp.last_match(4)
+          markup   = Regexp.last_match(4)
 
           if parse_context.line_number
             # newlines inside the tag should increase the line number,
@@ -70,8 +87,8 @@ module Liquid
           end
 
           if tag_name == 'liquid'
-            liquid_tag_tokenizer = Tokenizer.new(markup, line_number: parse_context.line_number, for_liquid_tag: true)
-            next parse_for_liquid_tag(liquid_tag_tokenizer, parse_context, &block)
+            parse_liquid_tag(markup, parse_context, &block)
+            next
           end
 
           unless (tag = registered_tags[tag_name])
@@ -175,8 +192,18 @@ module Liquid
 
     def raise_if_resource_limits_reached(context, length)
       context.resource_limits.render_length += length
-      return unless context.resource_limits.reached?
-      raise MemoryError, "Memory limits exceeded"
+
+      error_message =
+        if context.resource_limits.render_length_reached?
+          MemoryError::RENDER_LENGTH_ERROR_MESSAGE
+        elsif context.resource_limits.render_score_reached?
+          MemoryError::RENDER_SCORE_ERROR_MESSAGE
+        elsif context.resource_limits.assign_score_reached?
+          MemoryError::ASSIGN_SCORE_ERROR_MESSAGE
+        end
+
+      return unless error_message
+      raise MemoryError, error_message
     end
 
     def create_variable(token, parse_context)

lib/liquid/condition.rb

@@ -35,10 +35,11 @@ module Liquid
     attr_accessor :left, :operator, :right
 
     def initialize(left = nil, operator = nil, right = nil)
-      @left = left
+      @left     = left
       @operator = operator
-      @right = right
-      @child_relation = nil
+      @right    = right
+
+      @child_relation  = nil
       @child_condition = nil
     end
 
@@ -62,12 +63,12 @@ module Liquid
     end
 
     def or(condition)
-      @child_relation = :or
+      @child_relation  = :or
       @child_condition = condition
     end
 
     def and(condition)
-      @child_relation = :and
+      @child_relation  = :and
       @child_condition = condition
     end
 
@@ -115,7 +116,7 @@ module Liquid
       # return this as the result.
       return context.evaluate(left) if op.nil?
 
-      left = context.evaluate(left)
+      left  = context.evaluate(left)
       right = context.evaluate(right)
 
       operation = self.class.operators[op] || raise(Liquid::ArgumentError, "Unknown operator #{op}")

lib/liquid/context.rb

@@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ module Liquid
         self.exception_renderer = ->(_e) { raise }
       end
 
-      @interrupts = []
-      @filters = []
+      @interrupts    = []
+      @filters       = []
       @global_filter = nil
     end
     # rubocop:enable Metrics/ParameterLists
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ module Liquid
     end
 
     def strainer
-      @strainer ||= Strainer.create(self, @filters)
+      @strainer ||= StrainerFactory.create(self, @filters)
     end
 
     # Adds filters to this context.
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ module Liquid
     def handle_error(e, line_number = nil)
       e = internal_error unless e.is_a?(Liquid::Error)
       e.template_name ||= template_name
-      e.line_number ||= line_number
+      e.line_number   ||= line_number
       errors.push(e)
       exception_renderer.call(e).to_s
     end
@@ -138,11 +138,11 @@ module Liquid
         static_environments: static_environments,
         registers: StaticRegisters.new(registers)
       ).tap do |subcontext|
-        subcontext.base_scope_depth = base_scope_depth + 1
+        subcontext.base_scope_depth   = base_scope_depth + 1
         subcontext.exception_renderer = exception_renderer
-        subcontext.filters = @filters
+        subcontext.filters  = @filters
         subcontext.strainer = nil
-        subcontext.errors = errors
+        subcontext.errors   = errors
         subcontext.warnings = warnings
       end
     end
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ module Liquid
         try_variable_find_in_environments(key, raise_on_not_found: raise_on_not_found)
       end
 
-      variable = variable.to_liquid
+      variable         = variable.to_liquid
       variable.context = self if variable.respond_to?(:context=)
 
       variable

lib/liquid/errors.rb

@@ -23,11 +23,14 @@ module Liquid
 
     def message_prefix
       str = +""
-      str << if is_a?(SyntaxError)
-        "Liquid syntax error"
-      else
-        "Liquid error"
-      end
+      str <<
+        if is_a?(SyntaxError)
+          "Liquid syntax error"
+        elsif is_a?(MemoryError)
+          "Liquid memory limit error"
+        else
+          "Liquid error"
+        end
 
       if line_number
         str << " ("
@@ -40,19 +43,24 @@ module Liquid
     end
   end
 
-  ArgumentError = Class.new(Error)
-  ContextError = Class.new(Error)
-  FileSystemError = Class.new(Error)
-  StandardError = Class.new(Error)
-  SyntaxError = Class.new(Error)
-  StackLevelError = Class.new(Error)
-  TaintedError = Class.new(Error)
-  MemoryError = Class.new(Error)
-  ZeroDivisionError = Class.new(Error)
-  FloatDomainError = Class.new(Error)
-  UndefinedVariable = Class.new(Error)
+  class MemoryError < Error
+    RENDER_LENGTH_ERROR_MESSAGE = 'Too many bytes rendered.'
+    RENDER_SCORE_ERROR_MESSAGE = 'Too many tags rendered.'
+    ASSIGN_SCORE_ERROR_MESSAGE = 'Too many bytes assigned to variables.'
+  end
+
+  ArgumentError       = Class.new(Error)
+  ContextError        = Class.new(Error)
+  FileSystemError     = Class.new(Error)
+  StandardError       = Class.new(Error)
+  SyntaxError         = Class.new(Error)
+  StackLevelError     = Class.new(Error)
+  TaintedError        = Class.new(Error)
+  ZeroDivisionError   = Class.new(Error)
+  FloatDomainError    = Class.new(Error)
+  UndefinedVariable   = Class.new(Error)
   UndefinedDropMethod = Class.new(Error)
-  UndefinedFilter = Class.new(Error)
+  UndefinedFilter     = Class.new(Error)
   MethodOverrideError = Class.new(Error)
-  InternalError = Class.new(Error)
+  InternalError       = Class.new(Error)
 end

lib/liquid/file_system.rb

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ module Liquid
     attr_accessor :root
 
     def initialize(root, pattern = "_%s.liquid")
-      @root = root
+      @root    = root
       @pattern = pattern
     end
 

lib/liquid/forloop_drop.rb

@@ -3,10 +3,10 @@
 module Liquid
   class ForloopDrop < Drop
     def initialize(name, length, parentloop)
-      @name = name
-      @length = length
+      @name       = name
+      @length     = length
       @parentloop = parentloop
-      @index = 0
+      @index      = 0
     end
 
     attr_reader :name, :length, :parentloop

lib/liquid/lexer.rb

@@ -15,12 +15,12 @@ module Liquid
       '?' => :question,
       '-' => :dash,
     }.freeze
-    IDENTIFIER = /[a-zA-Z_][\w-]*\??/
+    IDENTIFIER            = /[a-zA-Z_][\w-]*\??/
     SINGLE_STRING_LITERAL = /'[^\']*'/
     DOUBLE_STRING_LITERAL = /"[^\"]*"/
-    NUMBER_LITERAL = /-?\d+(\.\d+)?/
-    DOTDOT = /\.\./
-    COMPARISON_OPERATOR = /==|!=|<>|<=?|>=?|contains(?=\s)/
+    NUMBER_LITERAL        = /-?\d+(\.\d+)?/
+    DOTDOT                = /\.\./
+    COMPARISON_OPERATOR   = /==|!=|<>|<=?|>=?|contains(?=\s)/
     WHITESPACE_OR_NOTHING = /\s*/
 
     def initialize(input)
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ module Liquid
       until @ss.eos?
         @ss.skip(WHITESPACE_OR_NOTHING)
         break if @ss.eos?
-        tok = if (t = @ss.scan(COMPARISON_OPERATOR))
+        tok      = if (t = @ss.scan(COMPARISON_OPERATOR))
           [:comparison, t]
         elsif (t = @ss.scan(SINGLE_STRING_LITERAL))
           [:string, t]
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ module Liquid
         elsif (t = @ss.scan(DOTDOT))
           [:dotdot, t]
         else
-          c = @ss.getch
+          c     = @ss.getch
           if (s = SPECIALS[c])
             [s, c]
           else

lib/liquid/parse_context.rb

@@ -7,9 +7,11 @@ module Liquid
 
     def initialize(options = {})
       @template_options = options ? options.dup : {}
-      @locale = @template_options[:locale] ||= I18n.new
+
+      @locale   = @template_options[:locale] ||= I18n.new
       @warnings = []
-      self.depth = 0
+
+      self.depth   = 0
       self.partial = false
     end
 
@@ -20,6 +22,7 @@ module Liquid
     def partial=(value)
       @partial = value
       @options = value ? partial_options : @template_options
+
       @error_mode = @options[:error_mode] || Template.error_mode
     end
 

lib/liquid/parse_tree_visitor.rb

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ module Liquid
     end
 
     def initialize(node, callbacks)
-      @node = node
+      @node      = node
       @callbacks = callbacks
     end
 

lib/liquid/parser.rb

@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 module Liquid
   class Parser
     def initialize(input)
-      l = Lexer.new(input)
+      l       = Lexer.new(input)
       @tokens = l.tokenize
-      @p = 0 # pointer to current location
+      @p      = 0 # pointer to current location
     end
 
     def jump(point)

lib/liquid/parser_switching.rb

@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ module Liquid
       when :lax    then lax_parse(markup)
       when :warn
         begin
-          return strict_parse_with_error_context(markup)
+          strict_parse_with_error_context(markup)
         rescue SyntaxError => e
           parse_context.warnings << e
-          return lax_parse(markup)
+          lax_parse(markup)
         end
       end
     end
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ module Liquid
     def strict_parse_with_error_context(markup)
       strict_parse(markup)
     rescue SyntaxError => e
-      e.line_number = line_number
+      e.line_number    = line_number
       e.markup_context = markup_context(markup)
       raise e
     end

lib/liquid/partial_cache.rb

@@ -8,10 +8,14 @@ module Liquid
       return cached if cached
 
       file_system = (context.registers[:file_system] ||= Liquid::Template.file_system)
-      source = file_system.read_template_file(template_name)
+      source      = file_system.read_template_file(template_name)
+
       parse_context.partial = true
 
-      partial = Liquid::Template.parse(source, parse_context)
+      template_factory = (context.registers[:template_factory] ||= Liquid::TemplateFactory.new)
+      template = template_factory.for(template_name)
+
+      partial = template.parse(source, parse_context)
       cached_partials[template_name] = partial
     ensure
       parse_context.partial = false

lib/liquid/profiler.rb

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ module Liquid
     include Enumerable
 
     class Timing
-      attr_reader :code, :partial, :line_number, :children
+      attr_reader :code, :partial, :line_number, :children, :total_time, :self_time
 
       def initialize(node, partial)
         @code        = node.respond_to?(:raw) ? node.raw : node
@@ -64,7 +64,18 @@ module Liquid
       end
 
       def finish
-        @end_time = Time.now
+        @end_time   = Time.now
+        @total_time = @end_time - @start_time
+
+        if @children.empty?
+          @self_time = @total_time
+        else
+          total_children_time = 0
+          @children.each do |child|
+            total_children_time += child.total_time
+          end
+          @self_time = @total_time - total_children_time
+        end
       end
 
       def render_time
@@ -98,14 +109,14 @@ module Liquid
       Thread.current[:liquid_profiler]
     end
 
-    def initialize
-      @partial_stack = ["<root>"]
+    def initialize(partial_name = "<root>")
+      @partial_stack = [partial_name]
 
-      @root_timing = Timing.new("", current_partial)
+      @root_timing  = Timing.new("", current_partial)
       @timing_stack = [@root_timing]
 
       @render_start_at = Time.now
-      @render_end_at = @render_start_at
+      @render_end_at   = @render_start_at
     end
 
     def start

lib/liquid/range_lookup.rb

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ module Liquid
   class RangeLookup
     def self.parse(start_markup, end_markup)
       start_obj = Expression.parse(start_markup)
-      end_obj = Expression.parse(end_markup)
+      end_obj   = Expression.parse(end_markup)
       if start_obj.respond_to?(:evaluate) || end_obj.respond_to?(:evaluate)
         new(start_obj, end_obj)
       else
@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@ module Liquid
 
     def initialize(start_obj, end_obj)
       @start_obj = start_obj
-      @end_obj = end_obj
+      @end_obj   = end_obj
     end
 
     def evaluate(context)
       start_int = to_integer(context.evaluate(@start_obj))
-      end_int = to_integer(context.evaluate(@end_obj))
+      end_int   = to_integer(context.evaluate(@end_obj))
       start_int..end_int
     end
 

lib/liquid/registers/disabled_tags.rb

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ module Liquid
 
     def increment(tag)
       @disabled_tags[tag] ||= 0
-      @disabled_tags[tag] += 1
+      @disabled_tags[tag]  += 1
     end
 
     def decrement(tag)

lib/liquid/resource_limits.rb

@@ -7,15 +7,21 @@ module Liquid
 
     def initialize(limits)
       @render_length_limit = limits[:render_length_limit]
-      @render_score_limit = limits[:render_score_limit]
-      @assign_score_limit = limits[:assign_score_limit]
+      @render_score_limit  = limits[:render_score_limit]
+      @assign_score_limit  = limits[:assign_score_limit]
       reset
     end
 
-    def reached?
-      (@render_length_limit && @render_length > @render_length_limit) ||
-        (@render_score_limit && @render_score > @render_score_limit) ||
-        (@assign_score_limit && @assign_score > @assign_score_limit)
+    def render_length_reached?
+      @render_length_limit && @render_length > @render_length_limit
+    end
+
+    def render_score_reached?
+      @render_score_limit && @render_score > @render_score_limit
+    end
+
+    def assign_score_reached?
+      @assign_score_limit && @assign_score > @assign_score_limit
     end
 
     def reset

lib/liquid/standardfilters.rb

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ module Liquid
       "'" => ''',
     }.freeze
     HTML_ESCAPE_ONCE_REGEXP = /["><']|&(?!([a-zA-Z]+|(#\d+));)/
-    STRIP_HTML_BLOCKS = Regexp.union(
+    STRIP_HTML_BLOCKS       = Regexp.union(
       %r{<script.*?</script>}m,
       /<!--.*?-->/m,
       %r{<style.*?</style>}m
@@ -77,19 +77,24 @@ module Liquid
     def truncate(input, length = 50, truncate_string = "...")
       return if input.nil?
       input_str = input.to_s
-      length = Utils.to_integer(length)
+      length    = Utils.to_integer(length)
+
       truncate_string_str = truncate_string.to_s
+
       l = length - truncate_string_str.length
       l = 0 if l < 0
+
       input_str.length > length ? input_str[0...l].concat(truncate_string_str) : input_str
     end
 
     def truncatewords(input, words = 15, truncate_string = "...")
       return if input.nil?
       wordlist = input.to_s.split
-      words = Utils.to_integer(words)
+      words    = Utils.to_integer(words)
+
       l = words - 1
       l = 0 if l < 0
+
       wordlist.length > l ? wordlist[0..l].join(" ").concat(truncate_string.to_s) : input
     end
 
@@ -115,7 +120,7 @@ module Liquid
     end
 
     def strip_html(input)
-      empty = ''
+      empty  = ''
       result = input.to_s.gsub(STRIP_HTML_BLOCKS, empty)
       result.gsub!(STRIP_HTML_TAGS, empty)
       result
@@ -128,13 +133,13 @@ module Liquid
 
     # Join elements of the array with certain character between them
     def join(input, glue = ' ')
-      InputIterator.new(input).join(glue)
+      InputIterator.new(input, context).join(glue)
     end
 
     # Sort elements of the array
     # provide optional property with which to sort an array of hashes or drops
     def sort(input, property = nil)
-      ary = InputIterator.new(input)
+      ary = InputIterator.new(input, context)
 
       return [] if ary.empty?
 
@@ -154,7 +159,7 @@ module Liquid
     # Sort elements of an array ignoring case if strings
     # provide optional property with which to sort an array of hashes or drops
     def sort_natural(input, property = nil)
-      ary = InputIterator.new(input)
+      ary = InputIterator.new(input, context)
 
       return [] if ary.empty?
 
@@ -174,7 +179,7 @@ module Liquid
     # Filter the elements of an array to those with a certain property value.
     # By default the target is any truthy value.
     def where(input, property, target_value = nil)
-      ary = InputIterator.new(input)
+      ary = InputIterator.new(input, context)
 
       if ary.empty?
         []
@@ -196,7 +201,7 @@ module Liquid
     # Remove duplicate elements from an array
     # provide optional property with which to determine uniqueness
     def uniq(input, property = nil)
-      ary = InputIterator.new(input)
+      ary = InputIterator.new(input, context)
 
       if property.nil?
         ary.uniq
@@ -213,13 +218,13 @@ module Liquid
 
     # Reverse the elements of an array
     def reverse(input)
-      ary = InputIterator.new(input)
+      ary = InputIterator.new(input, context)
       ary.reverse
     end
 
     # map/collect on a given property
     def map(input, property)
-      InputIterator.new(input).map do |e|
+      InputIterator.new(input, context).map do |e|
         e = e.call if e.is_a?(Proc)
 
         if property == "to_liquid"
@@ -236,7 +241,7 @@ module Liquid
     # Remove nils within an array
     # provide optional property with which to check for nil
     def compact(input, property = nil)
-      ary = InputIterator.new(input)
+      ary = InputIterator.new(input, context)
 
       if property.nil?
         ary.compact
@@ -280,7 +285,7 @@ module Liquid
       unless array.respond_to?(:to_ary)
         raise ArgumentError, "concat filter requires an array argument"
       end
-      InputIterator.new(input).concat(array)
+      InputIterator.new(input, context).concat(array)
     end
 
     # prepend a string to another
@@ -421,17 +426,26 @@ module Liquid
       result.is_a?(BigDecimal) ? result.to_f : result
     end
 
-    def default(input, default_value = '')
-      if !input || input.respond_to?(:empty?) && input.empty?
-        Usage.increment("default_filter_received_false_value") if input == false # See https://github.com/Shopify/liquid/issues/1127
-        default_value
-      else
-        input
-      end
+    # Set a default value when the input is nil, false or empty
+    #
+    # Example:
+    #    {{ product.title | default: "No Title" }}
+    #
+    # Use `allow_false` when an input should only be tested against nil or empty and not false.
+    #
+    # Example:
+    #    {{ product.title | default: "No Title", allow_false: true }}
+    #
+    def default(input, default_value = '', options = {})
+      options = {} unless options.is_a?(Hash)
+      false_check = options['allow_false'] ? input.nil? : !input
+      false_check || (input.respond_to?(:empty?) && input.empty?) ? default_value : input
     end
 
     private
 
+    attr_reader :context
+
     def raise_property_error(property)
       raise Liquid::ArgumentError, "cannot select the property '#{property}'"
     end
@@ -460,8 +474,9 @@ module Liquid
     class InputIterator
       include Enumerable
 
-      def initialize(input)
-        @input = if input.is_a?(Array)
+      def initialize(input, context)
+        @context = context
+        @input   = if input.is_a?(Array)
           input.flatten
         elsif input.is_a?(Hash)
           [input]
@@ -499,6 +514,7 @@ module Liquid
 
       def each
         @input.each do |e|
+          e.context = @context if e.respond_to?(:context=)
           yield(e.respond_to?(:to_liquid) ? e.to_liquid : e)
         end
       end

lib/liquid/static_registers.rb

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ module Liquid
     attr_reader :static, :registers
 
     def initialize(registers = {})
-      @static = registers.is_a?(StaticRegisters) ? registers.static : registers
+      @static    = registers.is_a?(StaticRegisters) ? registers.static : registers
       @registers = {}
     end
 

lib/liquid/strainer.rb

@@ -1,68 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require 'set'
-
-module Liquid
-  # Strainer is the parent class for the filters system.
-  # New filters are mixed into the strainer class which is then instantiated for each liquid template render run.
-  #
-  # The Strainer only allows method calls defined in filters given to it via Strainer.global_filter,
-  # Context#add_filters or Template.register_filter
-  class Strainer #:nodoc:
-    @@global_strainer = Class.new(Strainer) do
-      @filter_methods = Set.new
-    end
-    @@strainer_class_cache = Hash.new do |hash, filters|
-      hash[filters] = Class.new(@@global_strainer) do
-        @filter_methods = @@global_strainer.filter_methods.dup
-        filters.each { |f| add_filter(f) }
-      end
-    end
-
-    def initialize(context)
-      @context = context
-    end
-
-    class << self
-      attr_reader :filter_methods
-    end
-
-    def self.add_filter(filter)
-      raise ArgumentError, "Expected module but got: #{filter.class}" unless filter.is_a?(Module)
-      unless include?(filter)
-        invokable_non_public_methods = (filter.private_instance_methods + filter.protected_instance_methods).select { |m| invokable?(m) }
-        if invokable_non_public_methods.any?
-          raise MethodOverrideError, "Filter overrides registered public methods as non public: #{invokable_non_public_methods.join(', ')}"
-        else
-          send(:include, filter)
-          @filter_methods.merge(filter.public_instance_methods.map(&:to_s))
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    def self.global_filter(filter)
-      @@strainer_class_cache.clear
-      @@global_strainer.add_filter(filter)
-    end
-
-    def self.invokable?(method)
-      @filter_methods.include?(method.to_s)
-    end
-
-    def self.create(context, filters = [])
-      @@strainer_class_cache[filters].new(context)
-    end
-
-    def invoke(method, *args)
-      if self.class.invokable?(method)
-        send(method, *args)
-      elsif @context&.strict_filters
-        raise Liquid::UndefinedFilter, "undefined filter #{method}"
-      else
-        args.first
-      end
-    rescue ::ArgumentError => e
-      raise Liquid::ArgumentError, e.message, e.backtrace
-    end
-  end
-end

lib/liquid/strainer_factory.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Liquid
+  # StrainerFactory is the factory for the filters system.
+  module StrainerFactory
+    extend self
+
+    def add_global_filter(filter)
+      strainer_class_cache.clear
+      global_filters << filter
+    end
+
+    def create(context, filters = [])
+      strainer_from_cache(filters).new(context)
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def global_filters
+      @global_filters ||= []
+    end
+
+    def strainer_from_cache(filters)
+      strainer_class_cache[filters] ||= begin
+        klass = Class.new(StrainerTemplate)
+        global_filters.each { |f| klass.add_filter(f) }
+        filters.each { |f| klass.add_filter(f) }
+        klass
+      end
+    end
+
+    def strainer_class_cache
+      @strainer_class_cache ||= {}
+    end
+  end
+end

lib/liquid/strainer_template.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'set'
+
+module Liquid
+  # StrainerTemplate is the computed class for the filters system.
+  # New filters are mixed into the strainer class which is then instantiated for each liquid template render run.
+  #
+  # The Strainer only allows method calls defined in filters given to it via StrainerFactory.add_global_filter,
+  # Context#add_filters or Template.register_filter
+  class StrainerTemplate
+    def initialize(context)
+      @context = context
+    end
+
+    class << self
+      def add_filter(filter)
+        return if include?(filter)
+
+        invokable_non_public_methods = (filter.private_instance_methods + filter.protected_instance_methods).select { |m| invokable?(m) }
+        if invokable_non_public_methods.any?
+          raise MethodOverrideError, "Filter overrides registered public methods as non public: #{invokable_non_public_methods.join(', ')}"
+        end
+
+        include(filter)
+
+        filter_methods.merge(filter.public_instance_methods.map(&:to_s))
+      end
+
+      def invokable?(method)
+        filter_methods.include?(method.to_s)
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      def filter_methods
+        @filter_methods ||= Set.new
+      end
+    end
+
+    def invoke(method, *args)
+      if self.class.invokable?(method)
+        send(method, *args)
+      elsif @context.strict_filters
+        raise Liquid::UndefinedFilter, "undefined filter #{method}"
+      else
+        args.first
+      end
+    rescue ::ArgumentError => e
+      raise Liquid::ArgumentError, e.message, e.backtrace
+    end
+  end
+end

lib/liquid/tablerowloop_drop.rb

@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@ module Liquid
   class TablerowloopDrop < Drop
     def initialize(length, cols)
       @length = length
-      @row = 1
-      @col = 1
-      @cols = cols
-      @index = 0
+      @row    = 1
+      @col    = 1
+      @cols   = cols
+      @index  = 0
     end
 
     attr_reader :length, :col, :row

lib/liquid/tag.rb

@@ -25,10 +25,10 @@ module Liquid
     end
 
     def initialize(tag_name, markup, parse_context)
-      @tag_name   = tag_name
-      @markup     = markup
+      @tag_name      = tag_name
+      @markup        = markup
       @parse_context = parse_context
-      @line_number = parse_context.line_number
+      @line_number   = parse_context.line_number
     end
 
     def parse(_tokens)

lib/liquid/tags/assign.rb

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ module Liquid
     def initialize(tag_name, markup, options)
       super
       if markup =~ Syntax
-        @to = Regexp.last_match(1)
+        @to   = Regexp.last_match(1)
         @from = Variable.new(Regexp.last_match(2), options)
       else
         raise SyntaxError, options[:locale].t(self.class.syntax_error_translation_key)

lib/liquid/tags/cycle.rb

@@ -24,10 +24,10 @@ module Liquid
       case markup
       when NamedSyntax
         @variables = variables_from_string(Regexp.last_match(2))
-        @name = Expression.parse(Regexp.last_match(1))
+        @name      = Expression.parse(Regexp.last_match(1))
       when SimpleSyntax
         @variables = variables_from_string(markup)
-        @name = @variables.to_s
+        @name      = @variables.to_s
       else
         raise SyntaxError, options[:locale].t("errors.syntax.cycle")
       end
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ module Liquid
     def render_to_output_buffer(context, output)
       context.registers[:cycle] ||= {}
 
-      key = context.evaluate(@name)
+      key       = context.evaluate(@name)
       iteration = context.registers[:cycle][key].to_i
 
       val = context.evaluate(@variables[iteration])
@@ -50,9 +50,9 @@ module Liquid
       output << val
 
       iteration += 1
-      iteration  = 0 if iteration >= @variables.size
-      context.registers[:cycle][key] = iteration
+      iteration = 0 if iteration >= @variables.size
 
+      context.registers[:cycle][key] = iteration
       output
     end
 

lib/liquid/tags/for.rb

@@ -88,10 +88,10 @@ module Liquid
 
     def lax_parse(markup)
       if markup =~ Syntax
-        @variable_name = Regexp.last_match(1)
-        collection_name = Regexp.last_match(2)
-        @reversed = !!Regexp.last_match(3)
-        @name = "#{@variable_name}-#{collection_name}"
+        @variable_name   = Regexp.last_match(1)
+        collection_name  = Regexp.last_match(2)
+        @reversed        = !!Regexp.last_match(3)
+        @name            = "#{@variable_name}-#{collection_name}"
         @collection_name = Expression.parse(collection_name)
         markup.scan(TagAttributes) do |key, value|
           set_attribute(key, value)
@@ -105,9 +105,11 @@ module Liquid
       p = Parser.new(markup)
       @variable_name = p.consume(:id)
       raise SyntaxError, options[:locale].t("errors.syntax.for_invalid_in") unless p.id?('in')
-      collection_name = p.expression
-      @name = "#{@variable_name}-#{collection_name}"
+
+      collection_name  = p.expression
       @collection_name = Expression.parse(collection_name)
+
+      @name     = "#{@variable_name}-#{collection_name}"
       @reversed = p.id?('reversed')
 
       while p.look(:id) && p.look(:colon, 1)
@@ -156,7 +158,7 @@ module Liquid
 
     def render_segment(context, output, segment)
       for_stack = context.registers[:for_stack] ||= []
-      length = segment.length
+      length    = segment.length
 
       context.stack do
         loop_vars = Liquid::ForloopDrop.new(@name, length, for_stack[-1])

lib/liquid/tags/if.rb

@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ module Liquid
   #    There are {% if count < 5 %} less {% else %} more {% endif %} items than you need.
   #
   class If < Block
-    Syntax = /(#{QuotedFragment})\s*([=!<>a-z_]+)?\s*(#{QuotedFragment})?/o
+    Syntax                  = /(#{QuotedFragment})\s*([=!<>a-z_]+)?\s*(#{QuotedFragment})?/o
     ExpressionsAndOperators = /(?:\b(?:\s?and\s?|\s?or\s?)\b|(?:\s*(?!\b(?:\s?and\s?|\s?or\s?)\b)(?:#{QuotedFragment}|\S+)\s*)+)/o
-    BOOLEAN_OPERATORS = %w(and or).freeze
+    BOOLEAN_OPERATORS       = %w(and or).freeze
 
     attr_reader :blocks
 

lib/liquid/tags/include.rb

@@ -16,21 +16,23 @@ module Liquid
   #   {% include 'product' for products %}
   #
   class Include < Tag
-    Syntax = /(#{QuotedFragment}+)(\s+(?:with|for)\s+(#{QuotedFragment}+))?/o
+    SYNTAX = /(#{QuotedFragment}+)(\s+(?:with|for)\s+(#{QuotedFragment}+))?(\s+(?:as)\s+(#{VariableSegment}+))?/o
+    Syntax = SYNTAX
 
     attr_reader :template_name_expr, :variable_name_expr, :attributes
 
     def initialize(tag_name, markup, options)
       super
 
-      if markup =~ Syntax
+      if markup =~ SYNTAX
 
         template_name = Regexp.last_match(1)
         variable_name = Regexp.last_match(3)
 
+        @alias_name         = Regexp.last_match(5)
         @variable_name_expr = variable_name ? Expression.parse(variable_name) : nil
         @template_name_expr = Expression.parse(template_name)
-        @attributes = {}
+        @attributes         = {}
 
         markup.scan(TagAttributes) do |key, value|
           @attributes[key] = Expression.parse(value)
@@ -54,7 +56,7 @@ module Liquid
         parse_context: parse_context
       )
 
-      context_variable_name = template_name.split('/').last
+      context_variable_name = @alias_name || template_name.split('/').last
 
       variable = if @variable_name_expr
         context.evaluate(@variable_name_expr)
@@ -63,10 +65,10 @@ module Liquid
       end
 
       old_template_name = context.template_name
-      old_partial = context.partial
+      old_partial       = context.partial
       begin
         context.template_name = template_name
-        context.partial = true
+        context.partial       = true
         context.stack do
           @attributes.each do |key, value|
             context[key] = context.evaluate(value)
@@ -84,7 +86,7 @@ module Liquid
         end
       ensure
         context.template_name = old_template_name
-        context.partial = old_partial
+        context.partial       = old_partial
       end
 
       output

lib/liquid/tags/render.rb

@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 
 module Liquid
   class Render < Tag
-    SYNTAX = /(#{QuotedString})#{QuotedFragment}*/o
+    FOR = 'for'
+    SYNTAX = /(#{QuotedString}+)(\s+(with|#{FOR})\s+(#{QuotedFragment}+))?(\s+(?:as)\s+(#{VariableSegment}+))?/o
 
     disable_tags "include"
 
@@ -14,8 +15,13 @@ module Liquid
       raise SyntaxError, options[:locale].t("errors.syntax.render") unless markup =~ SYNTAX
 
       template_name = Regexp.last_match(1)
+      with_or_for = Regexp.last_match(3)
+      variable_name = Regexp.last_match(4)
 
+      @alias_name = Regexp.last_match(6)
+      @variable_name_expr = variable_name ? Expression.parse(variable_name) : nil
       @template_name_expr = Expression.parse(template_name)
+      @for = (with_or_for == FOR)
 
       @attributes = {}
       markup.scan(TagAttributes) do |key, value|
@@ -38,13 +44,29 @@ module Liquid
         parse_context: parse_context
       )
 
-      inner_context = context.new_isolated_subcontext
-      inner_context.template_name = template_name
-      inner_context.partial = true
-      @attributes.each do |key, value|
-        inner_context[key] = context.evaluate(value)
+      context_variable_name = @alias_name || template_name.split('/').last
+
+      render_partial_func = ->(var, forloop) {
+        inner_context               = context.new_isolated_subcontext
+        inner_context.template_name = template_name
+        inner_context.partial       = true
+        inner_context['forloop']    = forloop if forloop
+
+        @attributes.each do |key, value|
+          inner_context[key] = context.evaluate(value)
+        end
+        inner_context[context_variable_name] = var unless var.nil?
+        partial.render_to_output_buffer(inner_context, output)
+        forloop&.send(:increment!)
+      }
+
+      variable = @variable_name_expr ? context.evaluate(@variable_name_expr) : nil
+      if @for && variable.respond_to?(:each) && variable.respond_to?(:count)
+        forloop = Liquid::ForloopDrop.new(template_name, variable.count, nil)
+        variable.each { |var| render_partial_func.call(var, forloop) }
+      else
+        render_partial_func.call(variable, nil)
       end
-      partial.render_to_output_buffer(inner_context, output)
 
       output
     end

lib/liquid/tags/table_row.rb

@@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ module Liquid
     def initialize(tag_name, markup, options)
       super
       if markup =~ Syntax
-        @variable_name = Regexp.last_match(1)
+        @variable_name   = Regexp.last_match(1)
         @collection_name = Expression.parse(Regexp.last_match(2))
-        @attributes = {}
+        @attributes      = {}
         markup.scan(TagAttributes) do |key, value|
           @attributes[key] = Expression.parse(value)
         end
@@ -24,11 +24,10 @@ module Liquid
       (collection = context.evaluate(@collection_name)) || (return '')
 
       from = @attributes.key?('offset') ? context.evaluate(@attributes['offset']).to_i : 0
-      to = @attributes.key?('limit') ? from + context.evaluate(@attributes['limit']).to_i : nil
+      to   = @attributes.key?('limit')  ? from + context.evaluate(@attributes['limit']).to_i : nil
 
       collection = Utils.slice_collection(collection, from, to)
-
-      length = collection.length
+      length     = collection.length
 
       cols = context.evaluate(@attributes['cols']).to_i
 

lib/liquid/template.rb

@@ -18,13 +18,11 @@ module Liquid
     attr_accessor :root
     attr_reader :resource_limits, :warnings
 
-    @@file_system = BlankFileSystem.new
-
     class TagRegistry
       include Enumerable
 
       def initialize
-        @tags = {}
+        @tags  = {}
         @cache = {}
       end
 
@@ -63,60 +61,59 @@ module Liquid
       # :lax acts like liquid 2.5 and silently ignores malformed tags in most cases.
       # :warn is the default and will give deprecation warnings when invalid syntax is used.
       # :strict will enforce correct syntax.
-      attr_writer :error_mode
+      attr_accessor :error_mode
+      Template.error_mode = :lax
+
+      attr_reader :taint_mode
 
       # Sets how strict the taint checker should be.
       # :lax is the default, and ignores the taint flag completely
       # :warn adds a warning, but does not interrupt the rendering
       # :error raises an error when tainted output is used
-      attr_writer :taint_mode
+      # @deprecated Since it is being deprecated in ruby itself.
+      def taint_mode=(mode)
+        taint_supported = Object.new.taint.tainted?
+        if mode != :lax && !taint_supported
+          raise NotImplementedError, "#{RUBY_ENGINE} #{RUBY_VERSION} doesn't support taint checking"
+        end
+        @taint_mode = mode
+      end
+
+      Template.taint_mode = :lax
 
       attr_accessor :default_exception_renderer
       Template.default_exception_renderer = lambda do |exception|
         exception
       end
 
-      def file_system
-        @@file_system
-      end
+      attr_accessor :file_system
+      Template.file_system = BlankFileSystem.new
 
-      def file_system=(obj)
-        @@file_system = obj
-      end
+      attr_accessor :tags
+      Template.tags = TagRegistry.new
+      private :tags=
 
       def register_tag(name, klass)
         tags[name.to_s] = klass
       end
 
-      def tags
-        @tags ||= TagRegistry.new
-      end
+      attr_accessor :registers
+      Template.registers = {}
+      private :registers=
 
       def add_register(name, klass)
         registers[name.to_sym] = klass
       end
 
-      def registers
-        @registers ||= {}
-      end
-
-      def error_mode
-        @error_mode ||= :lax
-      end
-
-      def taint_mode
-        @taint_mode ||= :lax
-      end
-
       # Pass a module with filter methods which should be available
       # to all liquid views. Good for registering the standard library
       def register_filter(mod)
-        Strainer.global_filter(mod)
+        StrainerFactory.add_global_filter(mod)
       end
 
-      def default_resource_limits
-        @default_resource_limits ||= {}
-      end
+      attr_accessor :default_resource_limits
+      Template.default_resource_limits = {}
+      private :default_resource_limits=
 
       # creates a new <tt>Template</tt> object from liquid source code
       # To enable profiling, pass in <tt>profile: true</tt> as an option.
@@ -128,19 +125,19 @@ module Liquid
     end
 
     def initialize
-      @rethrow_errors = false
+      @rethrow_errors  = false
       @resource_limits = ResourceLimits.new(self.class.default_resource_limits)
     end
 
     # Parse source code.
     # Returns self for easy chaining
     def parse(source, options = {})
-      @options = options
-      @profiling = options[:profile]
+      @options      = options
+      @profiling    = options[:profile]
       @line_numbers = options[:line_numbers] || @profiling
       parse_context = options.is_a?(ParseContext) ? options : ParseContext.new(options)
-      @root = Document.parse(tokenize(source), parse_context)
-      @warnings = parse_context.warnings
+      @root         = Document.parse(tokenize(source), parse_context)
+      @warnings     = parse_context.warnings
       self
     end
 
@@ -187,7 +184,7 @@ module Liquid
 
         c
       when Liquid::Drop
-        drop = args.shift
+        drop         = args.shift
         drop.context = Context.new([drop, assigns], instance_assigns, registers, @rethrow_errors, @resource_limits)
       when Hash
         Context.new([args.shift, assigns], instance_assigns, registers, @rethrow_errors, @resource_limits)
@@ -204,7 +201,7 @@ module Liquid
       case args.last
       when Hash
         options = args.pop
-        output = options[:output] if options[:output]
+        output  = options[:output] if options[:output]
 
         options[:registers]&.each do |key, register|
           context_register[key] = register
@@ -254,7 +251,7 @@ module Liquid
       if @profiling && !context.partial
         raise "Profiler not loaded, require 'liquid/profiler' first" unless defined?(Liquid::Profiler)
 
-        @profiler = Profiler.new
+        @profiler = Profiler.new(context.template_name)
         @profiler.start
 
         begin
@@ -269,10 +266,10 @@ module Liquid
 
     def apply_options_to_context(context, options)
       context.add_filters(options[:filters]) if options[:filters]
-      context.global_filter = options[:global_filter] if options[:global_filter]
+      context.global_filter      = options[:global_filter] if options[:global_filter]
       context.exception_renderer = options[:exception_renderer] if options[:exception_renderer]
-      context.strict_variables = options[:strict_variables] if options[:strict_variables]
-      context.strict_filters = options[:strict_filters] if options[:strict_filters]
+      context.strict_variables   = options[:strict_variables] if options[:strict_variables]
+      context.strict_filters     = options[:strict_filters] if options[:strict_filters]
     end
   end
 end

lib/liquid/template_factory.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+module Liquid
+  class TemplateFactory
+    def for(_template_name)
+      Liquid::Template.new
+    end
+  end
+end

lib/liquid/tokenizer.rb

@@ -5,10 +5,10 @@ module Liquid
     attr_reader :line_number, :for_liquid_tag
 
     def initialize(source, line_numbers = false, line_number: nil, for_liquid_tag: false)
-      @source = source
-      @line_number = line_number || (line_numbers ? 1 : nil)
+      @source         = source
+      @line_number    = line_number || (line_numbers ? 1 : nil)
       @for_liquid_tag = for_liquid_tag
-      @tokens = tokenize
+      @tokens         = tokenize
     end
 
     def shift

lib/liquid/utils.rb

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ module Liquid
 
     def self.slice_collection_using_each(collection, from, to)
       segments = []
-      index = 0
+      index    = 0
 
       # Maintains Ruby 1.8.7 String#each behaviour on 1.9
       if collection.is_a?(String)

lib/liquid/variable.rb

@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@ module Liquid
   #   {{ user | link }}
   #
   class Variable
-    FilterMarkupRegex = /#{FilterSeparator}\s*(.*)/om
-    FilterParser = /(?:\s+|#{QuotedFragment}|#{ArgumentSeparator})+/o
-    FilterArgsRegex = /(?:#{FilterArgumentSeparator}|#{ArgumentSeparator})\s*((?:\w+\s*\:\s*)?#{QuotedFragment})/o
-    JustTagAttributes = /\A#{TagAttributes}\z/o
+    FilterMarkupRegex        = /#{FilterSeparator}\s*(.*)/om
+    FilterParser             = /(?:\s+|#{QuotedFragment}|#{ArgumentSeparator})+/o
+    FilterArgsRegex          = /(?:#{FilterArgumentSeparator}|#{ArgumentSeparator})\s*((?:\w+\s*\:\s*)?#{QuotedFragment})/o
+    JustTagAttributes        = /\A#{TagAttributes}\z/o
     MarkupWithQuotedFragment = /(#{QuotedFragment})(.*)/om
 
     attr_accessor :filters, :name, :line_number
@@ -25,10 +25,10 @@ module Liquid
     include ParserSwitching
 
     def initialize(markup, parse_context)
-      @markup  = markup
-      @name    = nil
+      @markup        = markup
+      @name          = nil
       @parse_context = parse_context
-      @line_number = parse_context.line_number
+      @line_number   = parse_context.line_number
 
       parse_with_selected_parser(markup)
     end
@@ -45,9 +45,9 @@ module Liquid
       @filters = []
       return unless markup =~ MarkupWithQuotedFragment
 
-      name_markup = Regexp.last_match(1)
+      name_markup   = Regexp.last_match(1)
       filter_markup = Regexp.last_match(2)
-      @name = Expression.parse(name_markup)
+      @name         = Expression.parse(name_markup)
       if filter_markup =~ FilterMarkupRegex
         filters = Regexp.last_match(1).scan(FilterParser)
         filters.each do |f|
@@ -115,11 +115,11 @@ module Liquid
     private
 
     def parse_filter_expressions(filter_name, unparsed_args)
-      filter_args = []
+      filter_args  = []
       keyword_args = nil
       unparsed_args.each do |a|
         if (matches = a.match(JustTagAttributes))
-          keyword_args ||= {}
+          keyword_args           ||= {}
           keyword_args[matches[1]] = Expression.parse(matches[2])
         else
           filter_args << Expression.parse(a)
@@ -143,14 +143,14 @@ module Liquid
     end
 
     def taint_check(context, obj)
-      return unless obj.tainted?
       return if Template.taint_mode == :lax
+      return unless obj.tainted?
 
       @markup =~ QuotedFragment
       name = Regexp.last_match(0)
 
-      error = TaintedError.new("variable '#{name}' is tainted and was not escaped")
-      error.line_number = line_number
+      error               = TaintedError.new("variable '#{name}' is tainted and was not escaped")
+      error.line_number   = line_number
       error.template_name = context.template_name
 
       case Template.taint_mode

lib/liquid/variable_lookup.rb

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 module Liquid
   class VariableLookup
     SQUARE_BRACKETED = /\A\[(.*)\]\z/m
-    COMMAND_METHODS = ['size', 'first', 'last'].freeze
+    COMMAND_METHODS  = ['size', 'first', 'last'].freeze
 
     attr_reader :name, :lookups
 
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ module Liquid
       end
       @name = name
 
-      @lookups = lookups
+      @lookups       = lookups
       @command_flags = 0
 
       @lookups.each_index do |i|
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ module Liquid
     end
 
     def evaluate(context)
-      name = context.evaluate(@name)
+      name   = context.evaluate(@name)
       object = context.find_variable(name)
 
       @lookups.each_index do |i|
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ module Liquid
              (object.respond_to?(:fetch) && key.is_a?(Integer)))
 
           # if its a proc we will replace the entry with the proc
-          res = context.lookup_and_evaluate(object, key)
+          res    = context.lookup_and_evaluate(object, key)
           object = res.to_liquid
 
           # Some special cases. If the part wasn't in square brackets and

performance/benchmark.rb

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ Liquid::Template.error_mode = ARGV.first.to_sym if ARGV.first
 profiler = ThemeRunner.new
 
 Benchmark.ips do |x|
-  x.time = 10
+  x.time   = 10
   x.warmup = 5
 
   puts

performance/shopify/comment_form.rb

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ class CommentForm < Liquid::Block
 
     if markup =~ Syntax
       @variable_name = Regexp.last_match(1)
-      @attributes = {}
+      @attributes    = {}
     else
       raise SyntaxError, "Syntax Error in 'comment_form' - Valid syntax: comment_form [article]"
     end

performance/shopify/paginate.rb

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ class Paginate < Liquid::Block
 
     if markup =~ Syntax
       @collection_name = Regexp.last_match(1)
-      @page_size = if Regexp.last_match(2)
+      @page_size       = if Regexp.last_match(2)
         Regexp.last_match(3).to_i
       else
         20

performance/shopify/shop_filter.rb

@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ module ShopFilter
 
     case style
     when 'original'
-      return '/files/shops/random_number/' + url
+      '/files/shops/random_number/' + url
     when 'grande', 'large', 'medium', 'compact', 'small', 'thumb', 'icon'
       "/files/shops/random_number/products/#{Regexp.last_match(1)}_#{style}.#{Regexp.last_match(2)}"
     else

performance/theme_runner.rb

@@ -58,9 +58,9 @@ class ThemeRunner
   # `render` is called to benchmark just the render portion of liquid
   def render
     @compiled_tests.each do |test|
-      tmpl = test[:tmpl]
+      tmpl    = test[:tmpl]
       assigns = test[:assigns]
-      layout = test[:layout]
+      layout  = test[:layout]
 
       if layout
         assigns['content_for_layout'] = tmpl.render!(assigns)
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ class ThemeRunner
   private
 
   def compile_and_render(template, layout, assigns, page_template, template_file)
-    compiled_test = compile_test(template, layout, assigns, page_template, template_file)
+    compiled_test                 = compile_test(template, layout, assigns, page_template, template_file)
     assigns['content_for_layout'] = compiled_test[:tmpl].render!(assigns)
     compiled_test[:layout].render!(assigns) if layout
   end
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ class ThemeRunner
   end
 
   def compile_test(template, layout, assigns, page_template, template_file)
-    tmpl = init_template(page_template, template_file)
+    tmpl            = init_template(page_template, template_file)
     parsed_template = tmpl.parse(template).dup
 
     if layout
@@ -113,9 +113,9 @@ class ThemeRunner
 
   # set up a new Liquid::Template object for use in `compile_and_render` and `compile_test`
   def init_template(page_template, template_file)
-    tmpl = Liquid::Template.new
-    tmpl.assigns['page_title'] = 'Page title'
-    tmpl.assigns['template'] = page_template
+    tmpl                         = Liquid::Template.new
+    tmpl.assigns['page_title']   = 'Page title'
+    tmpl.assigns['template']     = page_template
     tmpl.registers[:file_system] = ThemeRunner::FileSystem.new(File.dirname(template_file))
     tmpl
   end

test/integration/assign_test.rb

@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ class AssignTest < Minitest::Test
     {% assign this-thing = 'Print this-thing' %}
     {{ this-thing }}
     END_TEMPLATE
-    template = Template.parse(template_source)
-    rendered = template.render!
+    template        = Template.parse(template_source)
+    rendered        = template.render!
     assert_equal("Print this-thing", rendered.strip)
   end
 

test/integration/capture_test.rb

@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ class CaptureTest < Minitest::Test
     {% capture this-thing %}Print this-thing{% endcapture %}
     {{ this-thing }}
     END_TEMPLATE
-    template = Template.parse(template_source)
-    rendered = template.render!
+    template        = Template.parse(template_source)
+    rendered        = template.render!
     assert_equal("Print this-thing", rendered.strip)
   end
 
@@ -30,8 +30,8 @@ class CaptureTest < Minitest::Test
     {% endif %}
     {{var}}
     END_TEMPLATE
-    template = Template.parse(template_source)
-    rendered = template.render!
+    template        = Template.parse(template_source)
+    rendered        = template.render!
     assert_equal("test-string", rendered.gsub(/\s/, ''))
   end
 
@@ -45,8 +45,8 @@ class CaptureTest < Minitest::Test
     {% endfor %}
     {{ first }}-{{ second }}
     END_TEMPLATE
-    template = Template.parse(template_source)
-    rendered = template.render!
+    template        = Template.parse(template_source)
+    rendered        = template.render!
     assert_equal("3-3", rendered.gsub(/\s/, ''))
   end
 end # CaptureTest

test/integration/drop_test.rb

@@ -114,29 +114,31 @@ class DropsTest < Minitest::Test
     assert_equal('  ', tpl.render!('product' => ProductDrop.new))
   end
 
-  def test_rendering_raises_on_tainted_attr
-    with_taint_mode(:error) do
-      tpl = Liquid::Template.parse('{{ product.user_input }}')
-      assert_raises TaintedError do
-        tpl.render!('product' => ProductDrop.new)
+  if taint_supported?
+    def test_rendering_raises_on_tainted_attr
+      with_taint_mode(:error) do
+        tpl = Liquid::Template.parse('{{ product.user_input }}')
+        assert_raises TaintedError do
+          tpl.render!('product' => ProductDrop.new)
+        end
       end
     end
-  end
 
-  def test_rendering_warns_on_tainted_attr
-    with_taint_mode(:warn) do
-      tpl = Liquid::Template.parse('{{ product.user_input }}')
-      context = Context.new('product' => ProductDrop.new)
-      tpl.render!(context)
-      assert_equal [Liquid::TaintedError], context.warnings.map(&:class)
-      assert_equal "variable 'product.user_input' is tainted and was not escaped", context.warnings.first.to_s(false)
+    def test_rendering_warns_on_tainted_attr
+      with_taint_mode(:warn) do
+        tpl     = Liquid::Template.parse('{{ product.user_input }}')
+        context = Context.new('product' => ProductDrop.new)
+        tpl.render!(context)
+        assert_equal [Liquid::TaintedError], context.warnings.map(&:class)
+        assert_equal "variable 'product.user_input' is tainted and was not escaped", context.warnings.first.to_s(false)
+      end
     end
-  end
 
-  def test_rendering_doesnt_raise_on_escaped_tainted_attr
-    with_taint_mode(:error) do
-      tpl = Liquid::Template.parse('{{ product.user_input | escape }}')
-      tpl.render!('product' => ProductDrop.new)
+    def test_rendering_doesnt_raise_on_escaped_tainted_attr
+      with_taint_mode(:error) do
+        tpl = Liquid::Template.parse('{{ product.user_input | escape }}')
+        tpl.render!('product' => ProductDrop.new)
+      end
     end
   end
 
@@ -179,6 +181,11 @@ class DropsTest < Minitest::Test
     assert_equal(' carrot ', output)
   end
 
+  def test_context_drop_array_with_map
+    output = Liquid::Template.parse(' {{ contexts | map: "bar" }} ').render!('contexts' => [ContextDrop.new, ContextDrop.new], 'bar' => "carrot")
+    assert_equal(' carrotcarrot ', output)
+  end
+
   def test_nested_context_drop
     output = Liquid::Template.parse(' {{ product.context.foo }} ').render!('product' => ProductDrop.new, 'foo' => "monkey")
     assert_equal(' monkey ', output)

test/integration/error_handling_test.rb

@@ -226,9 +226,9 @@ class ErrorHandlingTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_exception_renderer_exposing_non_liquid_error
-    template = Liquid::Template.parse('This is a runtime error: {{ errors.runtime_error }}', line_numbers: true)
+    template   = Liquid::Template.parse('This is a runtime error: {{ errors.runtime_error }}', line_numbers: true)
     exceptions = []
-    handler = ->(e) {
+    handler    = ->(e) {
       exceptions << e
       e.cause
     }
@@ -252,8 +252,9 @@ class ErrorHandlingTest < Minitest::Test
 
     begin
       Liquid::Template.file_system = TestFileSystem.new
+
       template = Liquid::Template.parse("Argument error:\n{% include 'product' %}", line_numbers: true)
-      page = template.render('errors' => ErrorDrop.new)
+      page     = template.render('errors' => ErrorDrop.new)
     ensure
       Liquid::Template.file_system = old_file_system
     end

test/integration/filter_test.rb

@@ -72,10 +72,10 @@ class FiltersTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_sort
-    @context['value'] = 3
+    @context['value']   = 3
     @context['numbers'] = [2, 1, 4, 3]
-    @context['words'] = ['expected', 'as', 'alphabetic']
-    @context['arrays'] = ['flower', 'are']
+    @context['words']   = ['expected', 'as', 'alphabetic']
+    @context['arrays']  = ['flower', 'are']
     @context['case_sensitive'] = ['sensitive', 'Expected', 'case']
 
     assert_equal('1 2 3 4', Template.parse("{{numbers | sort | join}}").render(@context))
@@ -86,8 +86,8 @@ class FiltersTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_sort_natural
-    @context['words'] = ['case', 'Assert', 'Insensitive']
-    @context['hashes'] = [{ 'a' => 'A' }, { 'a' => 'b' }, { 'a' => 'C' }]
+    @context['words']   = ['case', 'Assert', 'Insensitive']
+    @context['hashes']  = [{ 'a' => 'A' }, { 'a' => 'b' }, { 'a' => 'C' }]
     @context['objects'] = [TestObject.new('A'), TestObject.new('b'), TestObject.new('C')]
 
     # Test strings
@@ -101,8 +101,8 @@ class FiltersTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_compact
-    @context['words'] = ['a', nil, 'b', nil, 'c']
-    @context['hashes'] = [{ 'a' => 'A' }, { 'a' => nil }, { 'a' => 'C' }]
+    @context['words']   = ['a', nil, 'b', nil, 'c']
+    @context['hashes']  = [{ 'a' => 'A' }, { 'a' => nil }, { 'a' => 'C' }]
     @context['objects'] = [TestObject.new('A'), TestObject.new(nil), TestObject.new('C')]
 
     # Test strings
@@ -141,9 +141,9 @@ class FiltersTest < Minitest::Test
 
   def test_filter_with_keyword_arguments
     @context['surname'] = 'john'
-    @context['input'] = 'hello %{first_name}, %{last_name}'
+    @context['input']   = 'hello %{first_name}, %{last_name}'
     @context.add_filters(SubstituteFilter)
-    output = Template.parse(%({{ input | substitute: first_name: surname, last_name: 'doe' }})).render(@context)
+    output              = Template.parse(%({{ input | substitute: first_name: surname, last_name: 'doe' }})).render(@context)
     assert_equal('hello john, doe', output)
   end
 

test/integration/output_test.rb

@@ -61,63 +61,63 @@ class OutputTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_variable_piping
-    text = %( {{ car.gm | make_funny }} )
+    text     = %( {{ car.gm | make_funny }} )
     expected = %( LOL )
 
     assert_equal(expected, Template.parse(text).render!(@assigns, filters: [FunnyFilter]))
   end
 
   def test_variable_piping_with_input
-    text = %( {{ car.gm | cite_funny }} )
+    text     = %( {{ car.gm | cite_funny }} )
     expected = %( LOL: bad )
 
     assert_equal(expected, Template.parse(text).render!(@assigns, filters: [FunnyFilter]))
   end
 
   def test_variable_piping_with_args
-    text = %! {{ car.gm | add_smiley : ':-(' }} !
+    text     = %! {{ car.gm | add_smiley : ':-(' }} !
     expected = %| bad :-( |
 
     assert_equal(expected, Template.parse(text).render!(@assigns, filters: [FunnyFilter]))
   end
 
   def test_variable_piping_with_no_args
-    text = %( {{ car.gm | add_smiley }} )
+    text     = %( {{ car.gm | add_smiley }} )
     expected = %| bad :-) |
 
     assert_equal(expected, Template.parse(text).render!(@assigns, filters: [FunnyFilter]))
   end
 
   def test_multiple_variable_piping_with_args
-    text = %! {{ car.gm | add_smiley : ':-(' | add_smiley : ':-('}} !
+    text     = %! {{ car.gm | add_smiley : ':-(' | add_smiley : ':-('}} !
     expected = %| bad :-( :-( |
 
     assert_equal(expected, Template.parse(text).render!(@assigns, filters: [FunnyFilter]))
   end
 
   def test_variable_piping_with_multiple_args
-    text = %( {{ car.gm | add_tag : 'span', 'bar'}} )
+    text     = %( {{ car.gm | add_tag : 'span', 'bar'}} )
     expected = %( <span id="bar">bad</span> )
 
     assert_equal(expected, Template.parse(text).render!(@assigns, filters: [FunnyFilter]))
   end
 
   def test_variable_piping_with_variable_args
-    text = %( {{ car.gm | add_tag : 'span', car.bmw}} )
+    text     = %( {{ car.gm | add_tag : 'span', car.bmw}} )
     expected = %( <span id="good">bad</span> )
 
     assert_equal(expected, Template.parse(text).render!(@assigns, filters: [FunnyFilter]))
   end
 
   def test_multiple_pipings
-    text = %( {{ best_cars | cite_funny | paragraph }} )
+    text     = %( {{ best_cars | cite_funny | paragraph }} )
     expected = %( <p>LOL: bmw</p> )
 
     assert_equal(expected, Template.parse(text).render!(@assigns, filters: [FunnyFilter]))
   end
 
   def test_link_to
-    text = %( {{ 'Typo' | link_to: 'http://typo.leetsoft.com' }} )
+    text     = %( {{ 'Typo' | link_to: 'http://typo.leetsoft.com' }} )
     expected = %( <a href="http://typo.leetsoft.com">Typo</a> )
 
     assert_equal(expected, Template.parse(text).render!(@assigns, filters: [FunnyFilter]))

test/integration/parsing_quirks_test.rb

@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ class ParsingQuirksTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_meaningless_parens_lax
     with_error_mode(:lax) do
       assigns = { 'b' => 'bar', 'c' => 'baz' }
-      markup = "a == 'foo' or (b == 'bar' and c == 'baz') or false"
+      markup  = "a == 'foo' or (b == 'bar' and c == 'baz') or false"
       assert_template_result(' YES ', "{% if #{markup} %} YES {% endif %}", assigns)
     end
   end

test/integration/render_profiling_test.rb

@@ -153,4 +153,19 @@ class RenderProfilingTest < Minitest::Test
     # Will profile each invocation of the for block
     assert_equal(2, t.profiler[0].children.length)
   end
+
+  def test_profiling_supports_self_time
+    t = Template.parse("{% for item in collection %} {{ item }} {% endfor %}", profile: true)
+    t.render!("collection" => ["one", "two"])
+    leaf = t.profiler[0].children[0]
+
+    assert_operator(leaf.self_time, :>, 0)
+  end
+
+  def test_profiling_supports_total_time
+    t = Template.parse("{% if true %} {% increment test %} {{ test }} {% endif %}", profile: true)
+    t.render!
+
+    assert_operator(t.profiler[0].total_time, :>, 0)
+  end
 end

test/integration/security_test.rb

@@ -16,28 +16,28 @@ class SecurityTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_no_instance_eval
-    text = %( {{ '1+1' | instance_eval }} )
+    text     = %( {{ '1+1' | instance_eval }} )
     expected = %( 1+1 )
 
     assert_equal(expected, Template.parse(text).render!(@assigns))
   end
 
   def test_no_existing_instance_eval
-    text = %( {{ '1+1' | __instance_eval__ }} )
+    text     = %( {{ '1+1' | __instance_eval__ }} )
     expected = %( 1+1 )
 
     assert_equal(expected, Template.parse(text).render!(@assigns))
   end
 
   def test_no_instance_eval_after_mixing_in_new_filter
-    text = %( {{ '1+1' | instance_eval }} )
+    text     = %( {{ '1+1' | instance_eval }} )
     expected = %( 1+1 )
 
     assert_equal(expected, Template.parse(text).render!(@assigns))
   end
 
   def test_no_instance_eval_later_in_chain
-    text = %( {{ '1+1' | add_one | instance_eval }} )
+    text     = %( {{ '1+1' | add_one | instance_eval }} )
     expected = %( 1+1 + 1 )
 
     assert_equal(expected, Template.parse(text).render!(@assigns, filters: SecurityFilter))
@@ -68,13 +68,13 @@ class SecurityTest < Minitest::Test
 
   def test_max_depth_nested_blocks_does_not_raise_exception
     depth = Liquid::Block::MAX_DEPTH
-    code = "{% if true %}" * depth + "rendered" + "{% endif %}" * depth
+    code  = "{% if true %}" * depth + "rendered" + "{% endif %}" * depth
     assert_equal("rendered", Template.parse(code).render!)
   end
 
   def test_more_than_max_depth_nested_blocks_raises_exception
     depth = Liquid::Block::MAX_DEPTH + 1
-    code = "{% if true %}" * depth + "rendered" + "{% endif %}" * depth
+    code  = "{% if true %}" * depth + "rendered" + "{% endif %}" * depth
     assert_raises(Liquid::StackLevelError) do
       Template.parse(code).render!
     end

test/integration/standard_filter_test.rb

@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ class StandardFiltersTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_sort_when_property_is_sometimes_missing_puts_nils_last
-    input = [
+    input       = [
       { "price" => 4, "handle" => "alpha" },
       { "handle" => "beta" },
       { "price" => 1, "handle" => "gamma" },
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ class StandardFiltersTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_sort_natural_when_property_is_sometimes_missing_puts_nils_last
-    input = [
+    input       = [
       { "price" => "4", "handle" => "alpha" },
       { "handle" => "beta" },
       { "price" => "1", "handle" => "gamma" },
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ class StandardFiltersTest < Minitest::Test
 
   def test_legacy_map_on_hashes_with_dynamic_key
     template = "{% assign key = 'foo' %}{{ thing | map: key | map: 'bar' }}"
-    hash = { "foo" => { "bar" => 42 } }
+    hash     = { "foo" => { "bar" => 42 } }
     assert_template_result("42", template, "thing" => hash)
   end
 
@@ -400,8 +400,8 @@ class StandardFiltersTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_map_over_proc
-    drop = TestDrop.new
-    p = proc { drop }
+    drop  = TestDrop.new
+    p     = proc { drop }
     templ = '{{ procs | map: "test" }}'
     assert_template_result("testfoo", templ, "procs" => [p])
   end
@@ -685,6 +685,17 @@ class StandardFiltersTest < Minitest::Test
     assert_equal("bar", @filters.default(false, "bar"))
     assert_equal("bar", @filters.default([], "bar"))
     assert_equal("bar", @filters.default({}, "bar"))
+    assert_template_result('bar', "{{ false | default: 'bar' }}")
+  end
+
+  def test_default_handle_false
+    assert_equal("foo", @filters.default("foo", "bar", "allow_false" => true))
+    assert_equal("bar", @filters.default(nil, "bar", "allow_false" => true))
+    assert_equal("bar", @filters.default("", "bar", "allow_false" => true))
+    assert_equal(false, @filters.default(false, "bar", "allow_false" => true))
+    assert_equal("bar", @filters.default([], "bar", "allow_false" => true))
+    assert_equal("bar", @filters.default({}, "bar", "allow_false" => true))
+    assert_template_result('false', "{{ false | default: 'bar', allow_false: true }}")
   end
 
   def test_cannot_access_private_methods
@@ -757,6 +768,49 @@ class StandardFiltersTest < Minitest::Test
     assert_nil(@filters.where([nil], "ok"))
   end
 
+  def test_all_filters_never_raise_non_liquid_exception
+    test_drop = TestDrop.new
+    test_drop.context = Context.new
+    test_enum = TestEnumerable.new
+    test_enum.context = Context.new
+    test_types = [
+      "foo",
+      123,
+      0,
+      0.0,
+      -1234.003030303,
+      -99999999,
+      1234.38383000383830003838300,
+      nil,
+      true,
+      false,
+      TestThing.new,
+      test_drop,
+      test_enum,
+      ["foo", "bar"],
+      { "foo" => "bar" },
+      { foo: "bar" },
+      [{ "foo" => "bar" }, { "foo" => 123 }, { "foo" => nil }, { "foo" => true }, { "foo" => ["foo", "bar"] }],
+      { 1 => "bar" },
+      ["foo", 123, nil, true, false, Drop, ["foo"], { foo: "bar" }],
+    ]
+    test_types.each do |first|
+      test_types.each do |other|
+        (@filters.methods - Object.methods).each do |method|
+          arg_count = @filters.method(method).arity
+          arg_count *= -1 if arg_count < 0
+          inputs = [first]
+          inputs << ([other] * (arg_count - 1)) if arg_count > 1
+          begin
+            @filters.send(method, *inputs)
+          rescue Liquid::ArgumentError, Liquid::ZeroDivisionError
+            nil
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
   def test_where_no_target_value
     input = [
       { "foo" => false },
@@ -771,7 +825,7 @@ class StandardFiltersTest < Minitest::Test
   private
 
   def with_timezone(tz)
-    old_tz = ENV['TZ']
+    old_tz    = ENV['TZ']
     ENV['TZ'] = tz
     yield
   ensure

test/integration/tags/break_tag_test.rb

@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ class BreakTagTest < Minitest::Test
   # tests that no weird errors are raised if break is called outside of a
   # block
   def test_break_with_no_block
-    assigns = { 'i' => 1 }
-    markup = '{% break %}'
+    assigns  = { 'i' => 1 }
+    markup   = '{% break %}'
     expected = ''
 
     assert_template_result(expected, markup, assigns)

test/integration/tags/continue_tag_test.rb

@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ class ContinueTagTest < Minitest::Test
   # tests that no weird errors are raised if continue is called outside of a
   # block
   def test_continue_with_no_block
-    assigns = {}
-    markup = '{% continue %}'
+    assigns  = {}
+    markup   = '{% continue %}'
     expected = ''
 
     assert_template_result(expected, markup, assigns)

test/integration/tags/for_tag_test.rb

@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ HERE
   end
 
   def test_limiting_with_invalid_limit
-    assigns = { 'array' => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0] }
+    assigns  = { 'array' => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0] }
     template = <<-MKUP
       {% for i in array limit: true offset: 1 %}
         {{ i }}
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ HERE
   end
 
   def test_limiting_with_invalid_offset
-    assigns = { 'array' => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0] }
+    assigns  = { 'array' => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0] }
     template = <<-MKUP
       {% for i in array limit: 1 offset: true %}
         {{ i }}
@@ -134,8 +134,8 @@ HERE
   end
 
   def test_dynamic_variable_limiting
-    assigns = { 'array' => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0] }
-    assigns['limit'] = 2
+    assigns           = { 'array' => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0] }
+    assigns['limit']  = 2
     assigns['offset'] = 2
 
     assert_template_result('34', '{%for i in array limit: limit offset: offset %}{{ i }}{%endfor%}', assigns)
@@ -152,8 +152,8 @@ HERE
   end
 
   def test_pause_resume
-    assigns = { 'array' => { 'items' => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0] } }
-    markup = <<-MKUP
+    assigns  = { 'array' => { 'items' => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0] } }
+    markup   = <<-MKUP
       {%for i in array.items limit: 3 %}{{i}}{%endfor%}
       next
       {%for i in array.items offset:continue limit: 3 %}{{i}}{%endfor%}
@@ -171,8 +171,8 @@ HERE
   end
 
   def test_pause_resume_limit
-    assigns = { 'array' => { 'items' => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0] } }
-    markup = <<-MKUP
+    assigns  = { 'array' => { 'items' => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0] } }
+    markup   = <<-MKUP
       {%for i in array.items limit:3 %}{{i}}{%endfor%}
       next
       {%for i in array.items offset:continue limit:3 %}{{i}}{%endfor%}
@@ -190,8 +190,8 @@ HERE
   end
 
   def test_pause_resume_big_limit
-    assigns = { 'array' => { 'items' => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0] } }
-    markup = <<-MKUP
+    assigns  = { 'array' => { 'items' => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0] } }
+    markup   = <<-MKUP
       {%for i in array.items limit:3 %}{{i}}{%endfor%}
       next
       {%for i in array.items offset:continue limit:3 %}{{i}}{%endfor%}
@@ -209,8 +209,8 @@ HERE
   end
 
   def test_pause_resume_big_offset
-    assigns = { 'array' => { 'items' => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0] } }
-    markup = '{%for i in array.items limit:3 %}{{i}}{%endfor%}
+    assigns  = { 'array' => { 'items' => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0] } }
+    markup   = '{%for i in array.items limit:3 %}{{i}}{%endfor%}
       next
       {%for i in array.items offset:continue limit:3 %}{{i}}{%endfor%}
       next
@@ -226,26 +226,26 @@ HERE
   def test_for_with_break
     assigns = { 'array' => { 'items' => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10] } }
 
-    markup = '{% for i in array.items %}{% break %}{% endfor %}'
+    markup   = '{% for i in array.items %}{% break %}{% endfor %}'
     expected = ""
     assert_template_result(expected, markup, assigns)
 
-    markup = '{% for i in array.items %}{{ i }}{% break %}{% endfor %}'
+    markup   = '{% for i in array.items %}{{ i }}{% break %}{% endfor %}'
     expected = "1"
     assert_template_result(expected, markup, assigns)
 
-    markup = '{% for i in array.items %}{% break %}{{ i }}{% endfor %}'
+    markup   = '{% for i in array.items %}{% break %}{{ i }}{% endfor %}'
     expected = ""
     assert_template_result(expected, markup, assigns)
 
-    markup = '{% for i in array.items %}{{ i }}{% if i > 3 %}{% break %}{% endif %}{% endfor %}'
+    markup   = '{% for i in array.items %}{{ i }}{% if i > 3 %}{% break %}{% endif %}{% endfor %}'
     expected = "1234"
     assert_template_result(expected, markup, assigns)
 
     # tests to ensure it only breaks out of the local for loop
     # and not all of them.
-    assigns = { 'array' => [[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]] }
-    markup = '{% for item in array %}' \
+    assigns  = { 'array' => [[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]] }
+    markup   = '{% for item in array %}' \
                '{% for i in item %}' \
                  '{% if i == 1 %}' \
                    '{% break %}' \
@@ -257,8 +257,8 @@ HERE
     assert_template_result(expected, markup, assigns)
 
     # test break does nothing when unreached
-    assigns = { 'array' => { 'items' => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] } }
-    markup = '{% for i in array.items %}{% if i == 9999 %}{% break %}{% endif %}{{ i }}{% endfor %}'
+    assigns  = { 'array' => { 'items' => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] } }
+    markup   = '{% for i in array.items %}{% if i == 9999 %}{% break %}{% endif %}{{ i }}{% endfor %}'
     expected = '12345'
     assert_template_result(expected, markup, assigns)
   end
@@ -266,29 +266,29 @@ HERE
   def test_for_with_continue
     assigns = { 'array' => { 'items' => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] } }
 
-    markup = '{% for i in array.items %}{% continue %}{% endfor %}'
+    markup   = '{% for i in array.items %}{% continue %}{% endfor %}'
     expected = ""
     assert_template_result(expected, markup, assigns)
 
-    markup = '{% for i in array.items %}{{ i }}{% continue %}{% endfor %}'
+    markup   = '{% for i in array.items %}{{ i }}{% continue %}{% endfor %}'
     expected = "12345"
     assert_template_result(expected, markup, assigns)
 
-    markup = '{% for i in array.items %}{% continue %}{{ i }}{% endfor %}'
+    markup   = '{% for i in array.items %}{% continue %}{{ i }}{% endfor %}'
     expected = ""
     assert_template_result(expected, markup, assigns)
 
-    markup = '{% for i in array.items %}{% if i > 3 %}{% continue %}{% endif %}{{ i }}{% endfor %}'
+    markup   = '{% for i in array.items %}{% if i > 3 %}{% continue %}{% endif %}{{ i }}{% endfor %}'
     expected = "123"
     assert_template_result(expected, markup, assigns)
 
-    markup = '{% for i in array.items %}{% if i == 3 %}{% continue %}{% else %}{{ i }}{% endif %}{% endfor %}'
+    markup   = '{% for i in array.items %}{% if i == 3 %}{% continue %}{% else %}{{ i }}{% endif %}{% endfor %}'
     expected = "1245"
     assert_template_result(expected, markup, assigns)
 
     # tests to ensure it only continues the local for loop and not all of them.
-    assigns = { 'array' => [[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]] }
-    markup = '{% for item in array %}' \
+    assigns  = { 'array' => [[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]] }
+    markup   = '{% for item in array %}' \
                '{% for i in item %}' \
                  '{% if i == 1 %}' \
                    '{% continue %}' \
@@ -300,8 +300,8 @@ HERE
     assert_template_result(expected, markup, assigns)
 
     # test continue does nothing when unreached
-    assigns = { 'array' => { 'items' => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] } }
-    markup = '{% for i in array.items %}{% if i == 9999 %}{% continue %}{% endif %}{{ i }}{% endfor %}'
+    assigns  = { 'array' => { 'items' => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] } }
+    markup   = '{% for i in array.items %}{% if i == 9999 %}{% continue %}{% endif %}{{ i }}{% endfor %}'
     expected = '12345'
     assert_template_result(expected, markup, assigns)
   end
@@ -389,8 +389,8 @@ HERE
   end
 
   def test_iterate_with_each_when_no_limit_applied
-    loader = LoaderDrop.new([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
-    assigns = { 'items' => loader }
+    loader   = LoaderDrop.new([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
+    assigns  = { 'items' => loader }
     expected = '12345'
     template = '{% for item in items %}{{item}}{% endfor %}'
     assert_template_result(expected, template, assigns)
@@ -399,8 +399,8 @@ HERE
   end
 
   def test_iterate_with_load_slice_when_limit_applied
-    loader = LoaderDrop.new([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
-    assigns = { 'items' => loader }
+    loader   = LoaderDrop.new([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
+    assigns  = { 'items' => loader }
     expected = '1'
     template = '{% for item in items limit:1 %}{{item}}{% endfor %}'
     assert_template_result(expected, template, assigns)
@@ -409,8 +409,8 @@ HERE
   end
 
   def test_iterate_with_load_slice_when_limit_and_offset_applied
-    loader = LoaderDrop.new([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
-    assigns = { 'items' => loader }
+    loader   = LoaderDrop.new([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
+    assigns  = { 'items' => loader }
     expected = '34'
     template = '{% for item in items offset:2 limit:2 %}{{item}}{% endfor %}'
     assert_template_result(expected, template, assigns)
@@ -419,11 +419,11 @@ HERE
   end
 
   def test_iterate_with_load_slice_returns_same_results_as_without
-    loader = LoaderDrop.new([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
+    loader         = LoaderDrop.new([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])
     loader_assigns = { 'items' => loader }
-    array_assigns = { 'items' => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] }
-    expected = '34'
-    template = '{% for item in items offset:2 limit:2 %}{{item}}{% endfor %}'
+    array_assigns  = { 'items' => [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] }
+    expected       = '34'
+    template       = '{% for item in items offset:2 limit:2 %}{{item}}{% endfor %}'
     assert_template_result(expected, template, loader_assigns)
     assert_template_result(expected, template, array_assigns)
   end

test/integration/tags/if_else_tag_test.rb

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ class IfElseTagTest < Minitest::Test
 
   def test_comparison_of_strings_containing_and_or_or
     awful_markup = "a == 'and' and b == 'or' and c == 'foo and bar' and d == 'bar or baz' and e == 'foo' and foo and bar"
-    assigns = { 'a' => 'and', 'b' => 'or', 'c' => 'foo and bar', 'd' => 'bar or baz', 'e' => 'foo', 'foo' => true, 'bar' => true }
+    assigns      = { 'a' => 'and', 'b' => 'or', 'c' => 'foo and bar', 'd' => 'bar or baz', 'e' => 'foo', 'foo' => true, 'bar' => true }
     assert_template_result(' YES ', "{% if #{awful_markup} %} YES {% endif %}", assigns)
   end
 

test/integration/tags/include_tag_test.rb

@@ -8,6 +8,9 @@ class TestFileSystem
     when "product"
       "Product: {{ product.title }} "
 
+    when "product_alias"
+      "Product: {{ product.title }} "
+
     when "locale_variables"
       "Locale: {{echo1}} {{echo2}}"
 
@@ -51,7 +54,7 @@ class CountingFileSystem
   attr_reader :count
   def read_template_file(_template_path)
     @count ||= 0
-    @count += 1
+    @count  += 1
     'from CountingFileSystem'
   end
 end
@@ -91,6 +94,16 @@ class IncludeTagTest < Minitest::Test
       "{% include 'product' with products[0] %}", "products" => [{ 'title' => 'Draft 151cm' }, { 'title' => 'Element 155cm' }])
   end
 
+  def test_include_tag_with_alias
+    assert_template_result("Product: Draft 151cm ",
+                           "{% include 'product_alias' with products[0] as product %}", "products" => [{ 'title' => 'Draft 151cm' }, { 'title' => 'Element 155cm' }])
+  end
+
+  def test_include_tag_for_alias
+    assert_template_result("Product: Draft 151cm Product: Element 155cm ",
+                           "{% include 'product_alias' for products as product %}", "products" => [{ 'title' => 'Draft 151cm' }, { 'title' => 'Element 155cm' }])
+  end
+
   def test_include_tag_with_default_name
     assert_template_result("Product: Draft 151cm ",
       "{% include 'product' %}", "product" => { 'title' => 'Draft 151cm' })

test/integration/tags/liquid_tag_test.rb

@@ -81,6 +81,18 @@ class LiquidTagTest < Minitest::Test
     assert_match_syntax_error("syntax error (line 3): Unknown tag 'error'", "{% liquid echo ''\n  \n error %}")
   end
 
+  def test_nested_liquid_tag
+    assert_usage_increment("liquid_tag_contains_outer_tag", times: 0) do
+      assert_template_result('good', <<~LIQUID)
+        {%- if true %}
+          {%- liquid
+            echo "good"
+          %}
+        {%- endif -%}
+      LIQUID
+    end
+  end
+
   def test_cannot_open_blocks_living_past_a_liquid_tag
     assert_match_syntax_error("syntax error (line 3): 'if' tag was never closed", <<~LIQUID)
       {%- liquid
@@ -91,11 +103,13 @@ class LiquidTagTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_quirk_can_close_blocks_created_before_a_liquid_tag
-    assert_template_result("42", <<~LIQUID)
-      {%- if true -%}
-      42
-      {%- liquid endif -%}
-    LIQUID
+    assert_usage_increment("liquid_tag_contains_outer_tag") do
+      assert_template_result("42", <<~LIQUID)
+        {%- if true -%}
+        42
+        {%- liquid endif -%}
+      LIQUID
+    end
   end
 
   def test_liquid_tag_in_raw

test/integration/tags/render_tag_test.rb

@@ -42,29 +42,31 @@ class RenderTagTest < Minitest::Test
     assert_template_result('', "{% assign snippet = 'should not be visible' %}{% render 'snippet' %}")
   end
 
-  def test_render_sets_the_correct_template_name_for_errors
-    Liquid::Template.file_system = StubFileSystem.new('snippet' => '{{ unsafe }}')
+  if taint_supported?
+    def test_render_sets_the_correct_template_name_for_errors
+      Liquid::Template.file_system = StubFileSystem.new('snippet' => '{{ unsafe }}')
 
-    with_taint_mode :error do
-      template = Liquid::Template.parse('{% render "snippet", unsafe: unsafe %}')
-      context = Context.new('unsafe' => (+'unsafe').tap(&:taint))
-      template.render(context)
+      with_taint_mode :error do
+        template = Liquid::Template.parse('{% render "snippet", unsafe: unsafe %}')
+        context  = Context.new('unsafe' => (+'unsafe').tap(&:taint))
+        template.render(context)
 
-      assert_equal [Liquid::TaintedError], template.errors.map(&:class)
-      assert_equal 'snippet', template.errors.first.template_name
+        assert_equal [Liquid::TaintedError], template.errors.map(&:class)
+        assert_equal 'snippet', template.errors.first.template_name
+      end
     end
-  end
 
-  def test_render_sets_the_correct_template_name_for_warnings
-    Liquid::Template.file_system = StubFileSystem.new('snippet' => '{{ unsafe }}')
+    def test_render_sets_the_correct_template_name_for_warnings
+      Liquid::Template.file_system = StubFileSystem.new('snippet' => '{{ unsafe }}')
 
-    with_taint_mode :warn do
-      template = Liquid::Template.parse('{% render "snippet", unsafe: unsafe %}')
-      context = Context.new('unsafe' => (+'unsafe').tap(&:taint))
-      template.render(context)
+      with_taint_mode :warn do
+        template = Liquid::Template.parse('{% render "snippet", unsafe: unsafe %}')
+        context  = Context.new('unsafe' => (+'unsafe').tap(&:taint))
+        template.render(context)
 
-      assert_equal [Liquid::TaintedError], context.warnings.map(&:class)
-      assert_equal 'snippet', context.warnings.first.template_name
+        assert_equal [Liquid::TaintedError], context.warnings.map(&:class)
+        assert_equal 'snippet', context.warnings.first.template_name
+      end
     end
   end
 
@@ -165,4 +167,71 @@ class RenderTagTest < Minitest::Test
 
     assert_template_result('include usage is not allowed in this contextinclude usage is not allowed in this context', '{% render "nested_render_with_sibling_include" %}')
   end
+
+  def test_render_tag_with
+    Liquid::Template.file_system = StubFileSystem.new(
+      'product' => "Product: {{ product.title }} ",
+      'product_alias' => "Product: {{ product.title }} ",
+    )
+
+    assert_template_result("Product: Draft 151cm ",
+                           "{% render 'product' with products[0] %}", "products" => [{ 'title' => 'Draft 151cm' }, { 'title' => 'Element 155cm' }])
+  end
+
+  def test_render_tag_with_alias
+    Liquid::Template.file_system = StubFileSystem.new(
+      'product' => "Product: {{ product.title }} ",
+      'product_alias' => "Product: {{ product.title }} ",
+    )
+
+    assert_template_result("Product: Draft 151cm ",
+                           "{% render 'product_alias' with products[0] as product %}", "products" => [{ 'title' => 'Draft 151cm' }, { 'title' => 'Element 155cm' }])
+  end
+
+  def test_render_tag_for_alias
+    Liquid::Template.file_system = StubFileSystem.new(
+      'product' => "Product: {{ product.title }} ",
+      'product_alias' => "Product: {{ product.title }} ",
+    )
+
+    assert_template_result("Product: Draft 151cm Product: Element 155cm ",
+                           "{% render 'product_alias' for products as product %}", "products" => [{ 'title' => 'Draft 151cm' }, { 'title' => 'Element 155cm' }])
+  end
+
+  def test_render_tag_for
+    Liquid::Template.file_system = StubFileSystem.new(
+      'product' => "Product: {{ product.title }} ",
+      'product_alias' => "Product: {{ product.title }} ",
+    )
+
+    assert_template_result("Product: Draft 151cm Product: Element 155cm ",
+                           "{% render 'product' for products %}", "products" => [{ 'title' => 'Draft 151cm' }, { 'title' => 'Element 155cm' }])
+  end
+
+  def test_render_tag_forloop
+    Liquid::Template.file_system = StubFileSystem.new(
+      'product' => "Product: {{ product.title }} {% if forloop.first %}first{% endif %} {% if forloop.last %}last{% endif %} index:{{ forloop.index }} ",
+    )
+
+    assert_template_result("Product: Draft 151cm first  index:1 Product: Element 155cm  last index:2 ",
+                           "{% render 'product' for products %}", "products" => [{ 'title' => 'Draft 151cm' }, { 'title' => 'Element 155cm' }])
+  end
+
+  def test_render_tag_for_drop
+    Liquid::Template.file_system = StubFileSystem.new(
+      'loop' => "{{ value.foo }}",
+    )
+
+    assert_template_result("123",
+                           "{% render 'loop' for loop as value %}", "loop" => TestEnumerable.new)
+  end
+
+  def test_render_tag_with_drop
+    Liquid::Template.file_system = StubFileSystem.new(
+      'loop' => "{{ value }}",
+    )
+
+    assert_template_result("TestEnumerable",
+                           "{% render 'loop' with loop as value %}", "loop" => TestEnumerable.new)
+  end
 end

test/integration/tags/standard_tag_test.rb

@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ class StandardTagTest < Minitest::Test
 
   def test_assign_from_case
     # Example from the shopify forums
-    code = "{% case collection.handle %}{% when 'menswear-jackets' %}{% assign ptitle = 'menswear' %}{% when 'menswear-t-shirts' %}{% assign ptitle = 'menswear' %}{% else %}{% assign ptitle = 'womenswear' %}{% endcase %}{{ ptitle }}"
+    code     = "{% case collection.handle %}{% when 'menswear-jackets' %}{% assign ptitle = 'menswear' %}{% when 'menswear-t-shirts' %}{% assign ptitle = 'menswear' %}{% else %}{% assign ptitle = 'womenswear' %}{% endcase %}{{ ptitle }}"
     template = Liquid::Template.parse(code)
     assert_equal("menswear",   template.render!("collection" => { 'handle' => 'menswear-jackets' }))
     assert_equal("menswear",   template.render!("collection" => { 'handle' => 'menswear-t-shirts' }))

test/integration/template_test.rb

@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ class TemplateTest < Minitest::Test
     t = Template.new
     t.assigns['number'] = -> {
       @global ||= 0
-      @global += 1
+      @global  += 1
     }
     assert_equal('1', t.parse("{{number}}").render!)
     assert_equal('1', t.parse("{{number}}").render!)
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ class TemplateTest < Minitest::Test
     t = Template.new
     assigns = { 'number' => -> {
                               @global ||= 0
-                              @global += 1
+                              @global  += 1
                             } }
     assert_equal('1', t.parse("{{number}}").render!(assigns))
     assert_equal('1', t.parse("{{number}}").render!(assigns))
@@ -112,8 +112,8 @@ class TemplateTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_resource_limits_render_length
     t = Template.parse("0123456789")
     t.resource_limits.render_length_limit = 5
-    assert_equal("Liquid error: Memory limits exceeded", t.render)
-    assert(t.resource_limits.reached?)
+    assert_equal("Liquid memory limit error: #{Liquid::MemoryError::RENDER_LENGTH_ERROR_MESSAGE}", t.render)
+    assert(t.resource_limits.render_length_reached?)
 
     t.resource_limits.render_length_limit = 10
     assert_equal("0123456789", t.render!)
@@ -123,13 +123,13 @@ class TemplateTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_resource_limits_render_score
     t = Template.parse("{% for a in (1..10) %} {% for a in (1..10) %} foo {% endfor %} {% endfor %}")
     t.resource_limits.render_score_limit = 50
-    assert_equal("Liquid error: Memory limits exceeded", t.render)
-    assert(t.resource_limits.reached?)
+    assert_equal("Liquid memory limit error: #{Liquid::MemoryError::RENDER_SCORE_ERROR_MESSAGE}", t.render)
+    assert(t.resource_limits.render_score_reached?)
 
     t = Template.parse("{% for a in (1..100) %} foo {% endfor %}")
     t.resource_limits.render_score_limit = 50
-    assert_equal("Liquid error: Memory limits exceeded", t.render)
-    assert(t.resource_limits.reached?)
+    assert_equal("Liquid memory limit error: #{Liquid::MemoryError::RENDER_SCORE_ERROR_MESSAGE}", t.render)
+    assert(t.resource_limits.render_score_reached?)
 
     t.resource_limits.render_score_limit = 200
     assert_equal((" foo " * 100), t.render!)
@@ -139,8 +139,8 @@ class TemplateTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_resource_limits_assign_score
     t = Template.parse("{% assign foo = 42 %}{% assign bar = 23 %}")
     t.resource_limits.assign_score_limit = 1
-    assert_equal("Liquid error: Memory limits exceeded", t.render)
-    assert(t.resource_limits.reached?)
+    assert_equal("Liquid memory limit error: #{Liquid::MemoryError::ASSIGN_SCORE_ERROR_MESSAGE}", t.render)
+    assert(t.resource_limits.assign_score_reached?)
 
     t.resource_limits.assign_score_limit = 2
     assert_equal("", t.render!)
@@ -161,8 +161,8 @@ class TemplateTest < Minitest::Test
     t = Template.parse("{% assign foo = 'aaaa' | reverse %}")
 
     t.resource_limits.assign_score_limit = 3
-    assert_equal("Liquid error: Memory limits exceeded", t.render)
-    assert(t.resource_limits.reached?)
+    assert_equal("Liquid memory limit error: #{Liquid::MemoryError::ASSIGN_SCORE_ERROR_MESSAGE}", t.render)
+    assert(t.resource_limits.assign_score_reached?)
 
     t.resource_limits.assign_score_limit = 5
     assert_equal("", t.render!)
@@ -171,8 +171,8 @@ class TemplateTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_resource_limits_aborts_rendering_after_first_error
     t = Template.parse("{% for a in (1..100) %} foo1 {% endfor %} bar {% for a in (1..100) %} foo2 {% endfor %}")
     t.resource_limits.render_score_limit = 50
-    assert_equal("Liquid error: Memory limits exceeded", t.render)
-    assert(t.resource_limits.reached?)
+    assert_equal("Liquid memory limit error: #{Liquid::MemoryError::RENDER_SCORE_ERROR_MESSAGE}", t.render)
+    assert(t.resource_limits.render_score_reached?)
   end
 
   def test_resource_limits_hash_in_template_gets_updated_even_if_no_limits_are_set
@@ -186,21 +186,21 @@ class TemplateTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_render_length_persists_between_blocks
     t = Template.parse("{% if true %}aaaa{% endif %}")
     t.resource_limits.render_length_limit = 7
-    assert_equal("Liquid error: Memory limits exceeded", t.render)
+    assert_equal("Liquid memory limit error: #{Liquid::MemoryError::RENDER_LENGTH_ERROR_MESSAGE}", t.render)
     t.resource_limits.render_length_limit = 8
     assert_equal("aaaa", t.render)
 
     t = Template.parse("{% if true %}aaaa{% endif %}{% if true %}bbb{% endif %}")
     t.resource_limits.render_length_limit = 13
-    assert_equal("Liquid error: Memory limits exceeded", t.render)
+    assert_equal("Liquid memory limit error: #{Liquid::MemoryError::RENDER_LENGTH_ERROR_MESSAGE}", t.render)
     t.resource_limits.render_length_limit = 14
     assert_equal("aaaabbb", t.render)
 
     t = Template.parse("{% if true %}a{% endif %}{% if true %}b{% endif %}{% if true %}a{% endif %}{% if true %}b{% endif %}{% if true %}a{% endif %}{% if true %}b{% endif %}")
     t.resource_limits.render_length_limit = 5
-    assert_equal("Liquid error: Memory limits exceeded", t.render)
+    assert_equal("Liquid memory limit error: #{Liquid::MemoryError::RENDER_LENGTH_ERROR_MESSAGE}", t.render)
     t.resource_limits.render_length_limit = 11
-    assert_equal("Liquid error: Memory limits exceeded", t.render)
+    assert_equal("Liquid memory limit error: #{Liquid::MemoryError::RENDER_LENGTH_ERROR_MESSAGE}", t.render)
     t.resource_limits.render_length_limit = 12
     assert_equal("ababab", t.render)
   end
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ class TemplateTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_render_length_uses_number_of_bytes_not_characters
     t = Template.parse("{% if true %}すごい{% endif %}")
     t.resource_limits.render_length_limit = 10
-    assert_equal("Liquid error: Memory limits exceeded", t.render)
+    assert_equal("Liquid memory limit error: #{Liquid::MemoryError::RENDER_LENGTH_ERROR_MESSAGE}", t.render)
     t.resource_limits.render_length_limit = 18
     assert_equal("すごい", t.render)
   end
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ class TemplateTest < Minitest::Test
 
   def test_exception_renderer_that_returns_string
     exception = nil
-    handler = ->(e) {
+    handler   = ->(e) {
       exception = e
       '<!-- error -->'
     }
@@ -267,20 +267,20 @@ class TemplateTest < Minitest::Test
 
   def test_global_filter_option_on_render
     global_filter_proc = ->(output) { "#{output} filtered" }
-    rendered_template = Template.parse("{{name}}").render({ "name" => "bob" }, global_filter: global_filter_proc)
+    rendered_template  = Template.parse("{{name}}").render({ "name" => "bob" }, global_filter: global_filter_proc)
 
     assert_equal('bob filtered', rendered_template)
   end
 
   def test_global_filter_option_when_native_filters_exist
     global_filter_proc = ->(output) { "#{output} filtered" }
-    rendered_template = Template.parse("{{name | upcase}}").render({ "name" => "bob" }, global_filter: global_filter_proc)
+    rendered_template  = Template.parse("{{name | upcase}}").render({ "name" => "bob" }, global_filter: global_filter_proc)
 
     assert_equal('BOB filtered', rendered_template)
   end
 
   def test_undefined_variables
-    t = Template.parse("{{x}} {{y}} {{z.a}} {{z.b}} {{z.c.d}}")
+    t      = Template.parse("{{x}} {{y}} {{z.a}} {{z.b}} {{z.c.d}}")
     result = t.render({ 'x' => 33, 'z' => { 'a' => 32, 'c' => { 'e' => 31 } } }, strict_variables: true)
 
     assert_equal('33  32  ', result)
@@ -295,8 +295,8 @@ class TemplateTest < Minitest::Test
 
   def test_nil_value_does_not_raise
     Liquid::Template.error_mode = :strict
-    t = Template.parse("some{{x}}thing")
-    result = t.render!({ 'x' => nil }, strict_variables: true)
+    t                           = Template.parse("some{{x}}thing")
+    result                      = t.render!({ 'x' => nil }, strict_variables: true)
 
     assert_equal(0, t.errors.count)
     assert_equal('something', result)
@@ -361,4 +361,12 @@ class TemplateTest < Minitest::Test
     result = t.render('x' => 1, 'y' => 5)
     assert_equal('12345', result)
   end
+
+  unless taint_supported?
+    def test_taint_mode
+      assert_raises(NotImplementedError) do
+        Template.taint_mode = :warn
+      end
+    end
+  end
 end

test/integration/trim_mode_test.rb

@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ class TrimModeTest < Minitest::Test
   # Make sure the trim isn't applied to standard tags
   def test_standard_tags
     whitespace = '          '
-    text = <<-END_TEMPLATE
+    text       = <<-END_TEMPLATE
       <div>
         <p>
           {% if true %}
@@ -110,58 +110,58 @@ class TrimModeTest < Minitest::Test
 
   # Make sure the trim isn't too agressive
   def test_no_trim_output
-    text = '<p>{{- \'John\' -}}</p>'
+    text     = '<p>{{- \'John\' -}}</p>'
     expected = '<p>John</p>'
     assert_template_result(expected, text)
   end
 
   # Make sure the trim isn't too agressive
   def test_no_trim_tags
-    text = '<p>{%- if true -%}yes{%- endif -%}</p>'
+    text     = '<p>{%- if true -%}yes{%- endif -%}</p>'
     expected = '<p>yes</p>'
     assert_template_result(expected, text)
 
-    text = '<p>{%- if false -%}no{%- endif -%}</p>'
+    text     = '<p>{%- if false -%}no{%- endif -%}</p>'
     expected = '<p></p>'
     assert_template_result(expected, text)
   end
 
   def test_single_line_outer_tag
-    text = '<p> {%- if true %} yes {% endif -%} </p>'
+    text     = '<p> {%- if true %} yes {% endif -%} </p>'
     expected = '<p> yes </p>'
     assert_template_result(expected, text)
 
-    text = '<p> {%- if false %} no {% endif -%} </p>'
+    text     = '<p> {%- if false %} no {% endif -%} </p>'
     expected = '<p></p>'
     assert_template_result(expected, text)
   end
 
   def test_single_line_inner_tag
-    text = '<p> {% if true -%} yes {%- endif %} </p>'
+    text     = '<p> {% if true -%} yes {%- endif %} </p>'
     expected = '<p> yes </p>'
     assert_template_result(expected, text)
 
-    text = '<p> {% if false -%} no {%- endif %} </p>'
+    text     = '<p> {% if false -%} no {%- endif %} </p>'
     expected = '<p>  </p>'
     assert_template_result(expected, text)
   end
 
   def test_single_line_post_tag
-    text = '<p> {% if true -%} yes {% endif -%} </p>'
+    text     = '<p> {% if true -%} yes {% endif -%} </p>'
     expected = '<p> yes </p>'
     assert_template_result(expected, text)
 
-    text = '<p> {% if false -%} no {% endif -%} </p>'
+    text     = '<p> {% if false -%} no {% endif -%} </p>'
     expected = '<p> </p>'
     assert_template_result(expected, text)
   end
 
   def test_single_line_pre_tag
-    text = '<p> {%- if true %} yes {%- endif %} </p>'
+    text     = '<p> {%- if true %} yes {%- endif %} </p>'
     expected = '<p> yes </p>'
     assert_template_result(expected, text)
 
-    text = '<p> {%- if false %} no {%- endif %} </p>'
+    text     = '<p> {%- if false %} no {%- endif %} </p>'
     expected = '<p> </p>'
     assert_template_result(expected, text)
   end
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@ class TrimModeTest < Minitest::Test
     assert_template_result(expected, text)
 
     whitespace = '          '
-    text = <<-END_TEMPLATE
+    text       = <<-END_TEMPLATE
       <div>
         <p>
           {% if false -%}
@@ -504,7 +504,7 @@ class TrimModeTest < Minitest::Test
 
   def test_raw_output
     whitespace = '        '
-    text = <<-END_TEMPLATE
+    text       = <<-END_TEMPLATE
       <div>
         {% raw %}
           {%- if true -%}

test/integration/variable_test.rb

@@ -52,13 +52,13 @@ class VariableTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_preset_assigns
-    template = Template.parse(%({{ test }}))
+    template                 = Template.parse(%({{ test }}))
     template.assigns['test'] = 'worked'
     assert_equal('worked', template.render!)
   end
 
   def test_reuse_parsed_template
-    template = Template.parse(%({{ greeting }} {{ name }}))
+    template                     = Template.parse(%({{ greeting }} {{ name }}))
     template.assigns['greeting'] = 'Goodbye'
     assert_equal('Hello Tobi', template.render!('greeting' => 'Hello', 'name' => 'Tobi'))
     assert_equal('Hello ', template.render!('greeting' => 'Hello', 'unknown' => 'Tobi'))
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ class VariableTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_assigns_not_polluted_from_template
-    template = Template.parse(%({{ test }}{% assign test = 'bar' %}{{ test }}))
+    template                 = Template.parse(%({{ test }}{% assign test = 'bar' %}{{ test }}))
     template.assigns['test'] = 'baz'
     assert_equal('bazbar', template.render!)
     assert_equal('bazbar', template.render!)
@@ -77,8 +77,8 @@ class VariableTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_hash_with_default_proc
-    template = Template.parse(%(Hello {{ test }}))
-    assigns = Hash.new { |_h, k| raise "Unknown variable '#{k}'" }
+    template        = Template.parse(%(Hello {{ test }}))
+    assigns         = Hash.new { |_h, k| raise "Unknown variable '#{k}'" }
     assigns['test'] = 'Tobi'
     assert_equal('Hello Tobi', template.render!(assigns))
     assigns.delete('test')

test/test_helper.rb

@@ -32,6 +32,10 @@ module Minitest
     def fixture(name)
       File.join(File.expand_path(__dir__), "fixtures", name)
     end
+
+    def self.taint_supported?
+      Object.new.taint.tainted?
+    end
   end
 
   module Assertions
@@ -54,20 +58,39 @@ module Minitest
       assert_match(match, exception.message)
     end
 
+    def assert_usage_increment(name, times: 1)
+      old_method = Liquid::Usage.method(:increment)
+      calls = 0
+      begin
+        Liquid::Usage.singleton_class.send(:remove_method, :increment)
+        Liquid::Usage.define_singleton_method(:increment) do |got_name|
+          calls += 1 if got_name == name
+          old_method.call(got_name)
+        end
+        yield
+      ensure
+        Liquid::Usage.singleton_class.send(:remove_method, :increment)
+        Liquid::Usage.define_singleton_method(:increment, old_method)
+      end
+      assert_equal(times, calls, "Number of calls to Usage.increment with #{name.inspect}")
+    end
+
     def with_global_filter(*globals)
-      original_global_strainer = Liquid::Strainer.class_variable_get(:@@global_strainer)
-      Liquid::Strainer.class_variable_set(:@@global_strainer, Class.new(Liquid::Strainer) do
-        @filter_methods = Set.new
-      end)
-      Liquid::Strainer.class_variable_get(:@@strainer_class_cache).clear
+      original_global_filters = Liquid::StrainerFactory.instance_variable_get(:@global_filters)
+      Liquid::StrainerFactory.instance_variable_set(:@global_filters, [])
+      globals.each do |global|
+        Liquid::StrainerFactory.add_global_filter(global)
+      end
+
+      Liquid::StrainerFactory.send(:strainer_class_cache).clear
 
       globals.each do |global|
         Liquid::Template.register_filter(global)
       end
       yield
     ensure
-      Liquid::Strainer.class_variable_get(:@@strainer_class_cache).clear
-      Liquid::Strainer.class_variable_set(:@@global_strainer, original_global_strainer)
+      Liquid::StrainerFactory.send(:strainer_class_cache).clear
+      Liquid::StrainerFactory.instance_variable_set(:@global_filters, original_global_filters)
     end
 
     def with_taint_mode(mode)
@@ -128,7 +151,7 @@ class StubFileSystem
 
   def initialize(values)
     @file_read_count = 0
-    @values = values
+    @values          = values
   end
 
   def read_template_file(template_path)
@@ -136,3 +159,16 @@ class StubFileSystem
     @values.fetch(template_path)
   end
 end
+
+class StubTemplateFactory
+  attr_reader :count
+
+  def initialize
+    @count = 0
+  end
+
+  def for(_template_name)
+    @count += 1
+    Liquid::Template.new
+  end
+end

test/unit/block_unit_test.rb

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ class BlockUnitTest < Minitest::Test
 
       assert_equal 'hello', template.render
 
-      buf = +''
+      buf    = +''
       output = template.render({}, output: buf)
       assert_equal 'hello', output
       assert_equal 'hello', buf
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ class BlockUnitTest < Minitest::Test
 
       assert_equal 'foohellobar', template.render
 
-      buf = +''
+      buf    = +''
       output = template.render({}, output: buf)
       assert_equal 'foohellobar', output
       assert_equal 'foohellobar', buf

test/unit/condition_unit_test.rb

@@ -75,9 +75,9 @@ class ConditionUnitTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_contains_works_on_arrays
-    @context = Liquid::Context.new
+    @context          = Liquid::Context.new
     @context['array'] = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
-    array_expr = VariableLookup.new("array")
+    array_expr        = VariableLookup.new("array")
 
     assert_evaluates_false(array_expr, 'contains', 0)
     assert_evaluates_true(array_expr, 'contains', 1)
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ class ConditionUnitTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_left_or_right_may_contain_operators
-    @context = Liquid::Context.new
+    @context        = Liquid::Context.new
     @context['one'] = @context['another'] = "gnomeslab-and-or-liquid"
 
     assert_evaluates_true(VariableLookup.new("one"), '==', VariableLookup.new("another"))

test/unit/context_unit_test.rb

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ end
 class CounterDrop < Liquid::Drop
   def count
     @count ||= 0
-    @count += 1
+    @count  += 1
   end
 end
 
@@ -55,9 +55,9 @@ class ArrayLike
   end
 
   def [](index)
-    @counts ||= []
+    @counts        ||= []
     @counts[index] ||= 0
-    @counts[index] += 1
+    @counts[index]  += 1
   end
 
   def to_liquid
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ class ContextUnitTest < Minitest::Test
 
   def test_access_hashes_with_hash_notation
     @context['products'] = { 'count' => 5, 'tags' => ['deepsnow', 'freestyle'] }
-    @context['product'] = { 'variants' => [{ 'title' => 'draft151cm' }, { 'title' => 'element151cm' }] }
+    @context['product']  = { 'variants' => [{ 'title' => 'draft151cm' }, { 'title' => 'element151cm' }] }
 
     assert_equal(5, @context['products["count"]'])
     assert_equal('deepsnow', @context['products["tags"][0]'])
@@ -285,8 +285,8 @@ class ContextUnitTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_access_hashes_with_hash_access_variables
-    @context['var'] = 'tags'
-    @context['nested'] = { 'var' => 'tags' }
+    @context['var']      = 'tags'
+    @context['nested']   = { 'var' => 'tags' }
     @context['products'] = { 'count' => 5, 'tags' => ['deepsnow', 'freestyle'] }
 
     assert_equal('deepsnow', @context['products[var].first'])
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ class ContextUnitTest < Minitest::Test
 
   def test_hash_notation_only_for_hash_access
     @context['array'] = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
-    @context['hash'] = { 'first' => 'Hello' }
+    @context['hash']  = { 'first' => 'Hello' }
 
     assert_equal(1, @context['array.first'])
     assert_nil(@context['array["first"]'])
@@ -407,7 +407,7 @@ class ContextUnitTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_lambda_is_called_once
     @context['callcount'] = proc {
       @global ||= 0
-      @global += 1
+      @global  += 1
       @global.to_s
     }
 
@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@ class ContextUnitTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_nested_lambda_is_called_once
     @context['callcount'] = { "lambda" => proc {
                                             @global ||= 0
-                                            @global += 1
+                                            @global  += 1
                                             @global.to_s
                                           } }
 
@@ -435,7 +435,7 @@ class ContextUnitTest < Minitest::Test
   def test_lambda_in_array_is_called_once
     @context['callcount'] = [1, 2, proc {
                                      @global ||= 0
-                                     @global += 1
+                                     @global  += 1
                                      @global.to_s
                                    }, 4, 5]
 
@@ -507,15 +507,15 @@ class ContextUnitTest < Minitest::Test
 
   def test_new_isolated_subcontext_inherits_static_environment
     super_context = Context.build(static_environments: { 'my_environment_value' => 'my value' })
-    subcontext = super_context.new_isolated_subcontext
+    subcontext    = super_context.new_isolated_subcontext
 
     assert_equal('my value', subcontext['my_environment_value'])
   end
 
   def test_new_isolated_subcontext_inherits_resource_limits
     resource_limits = ResourceLimits.new({})
-    super_context = Context.new({}, {}, {}, false, resource_limits)
-    subcontext = super_context.new_isolated_subcontext
+    super_context   = Context.new({}, {}, {}, false, resource_limits)
+    subcontext      = super_context.new_isolated_subcontext
     assert_equal(resource_limits, subcontext.resource_limits)
   end
 
@@ -532,19 +532,19 @@ class ContextUnitTest < Minitest::Test
     }
     super_context = Context.new({}, {}, StaticRegisters.new(registers))
     super_context.registers[:my_register] = :my_alt_value
-    subcontext = super_context.new_isolated_subcontext
+    subcontext                            = super_context.new_isolated_subcontext
     assert_equal(:my_value, subcontext.registers[:my_register])
   end
 
   def test_new_isolated_subcontext_inherits_static_registers
     super_context = Context.build(registers: { my_register: :my_value })
-    subcontext = super_context.new_isolated_subcontext
+    subcontext    = super_context.new_isolated_subcontext
     assert_equal(:my_value, subcontext.registers[:my_register])
   end
 
   def test_new_isolated_subcontext_registers_do_not_pollute_context
-    super_context = Context.build(registers: { my_register: :my_value })
-    subcontext = super_context.new_isolated_subcontext
+    super_context                      = Context.build(registers: { my_register: :my_value })
+    subcontext                         = super_context.new_isolated_subcontext
     subcontext.registers[:my_register] = :my_alt_value
     assert_equal(:my_value, super_context.registers[:my_register])
   end
@@ -558,8 +558,8 @@ class ContextUnitTest < Minitest::Test
 
     super_context = Context.new
     super_context.add_filters([my_filter])
-    subcontext = super_context.new_isolated_subcontext
-    template = Template.parse('{{ 123 | my_filter }}')
+    subcontext    = super_context.new_isolated_subcontext
+    template      = Template.parse('{{ 123 | my_filter }}')
     assert_equal('my filter result', template.render(subcontext))
   end
 

test/unit/partial_cache_unit_test.rb

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ class PartialCacheUnitTest < Minitest::Test
 
   def test_reads_from_the_file_system_only_once_per_file
     file_system = StubFileSystem.new('my_partial' => 'some partial body')
-    context = Liquid::Context.build(
+    context     = Liquid::Context.build(
       registers: { file_system: file_system }
     )
 
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ class PartialCacheUnitTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_cache_state_is_stored_per_context
-    parse_context = Liquid::ParseContext.new
+    parse_context      = Liquid::ParseContext.new
     shared_file_system = StubFileSystem.new(
       'my_partial' => 'my shared value'
     )
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ class PartialCacheUnitTest < Minitest::Test
 
   def test_cache_is_not_broken_when_a_different_parse_context_is_used
     file_system = StubFileSystem.new('my_partial' => 'some partial body')
-    context = Liquid::Context.build(
+    context     = Liquid::Context.build(
       registers: { file_system: file_system }
     )
 
@@ -90,4 +90,39 @@ class PartialCacheUnitTest < Minitest::Test
     # but measuring file reads is an OK proxy for this.
     assert_equal(1, file_system.file_read_count)
   end
+
+  def test_uses_default_template_factory_when_no_template_factory_found_in_register
+    context = Liquid::Context.build(
+      registers: {
+        file_system: StubFileSystem.new('my_partial' => 'my partial body'),
+      }
+    )
+
+    partial = Liquid::PartialCache.load(
+      'my_partial',
+      context: context,
+      parse_context: Liquid::ParseContext.new
+    )
+
+    assert_equal('my partial body', partial.render)
+  end
+
+  def test_uses_template_factory_register_if_present
+    template_factory = StubTemplateFactory.new
+    context = Liquid::Context.build(
+      registers: {
+        file_system: StubFileSystem.new('my_partial' => 'my partial body'),
+        template_factory: template_factory,
+      }
+    )
+
+    partial = Liquid::PartialCache.load(
+      'my_partial',
+      context: context,
+      parse_context: Liquid::ParseContext.new
+    )
+
+    assert_equal('my partial body', partial.render)
+    assert_equal(1, template_factory.count)
+  end
 end

test/unit/static_registers_unit_test.rb

@@ -6,10 +6,10 @@ class StaticRegistersUnitTest < Minitest::Test
   include Liquid
 
   def set
-    static_register = StaticRegisters.new
-    static_register[nil] = true
-    static_register[1] = :one
-    static_register[:one] = "one"
+    static_register        = StaticRegisters.new
+    static_register[nil]   = true
+    static_register[1]     = :one
+    static_register[:one]  = "one"
     static_register["two"] = "three"
     static_register["two"] = 3
     static_register[false] = nil
@@ -77,10 +77,10 @@ class StaticRegistersUnitTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def set_with_static
-    static_register = StaticRegisters.new(nil => true, 1 => :one, :one => "one", "two" => 3, false => nil)
-    static_register[nil] = false
+    static_register        = StaticRegisters.new(nil => true, 1 => :one, :one => "one", "two" => 3, false => nil)
+    static_register[nil]   = false
     static_register["two"] = 4
-    static_register[true] = "foo"
+    static_register[true]  = "foo"
 
     assert_equal({ nil => true, 1 => :one, :one => "one", "two" => 3, false => nil }, static_register.static)
     assert_equal({ nil => false, "two" => 4, true => "foo" }, static_register.registers)
@@ -154,23 +154,23 @@ class StaticRegistersUnitTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_new_static_retains_static
-    static_register = StaticRegisters.new(nil => true, 1 => :one, :one => "one", "two" => 3, false => nil)
-    static_register["one"] = 1
-    static_register["two"] = 2
+    static_register          = StaticRegisters.new(nil => true, 1 => :one, :one => "one", "two" => 3, false => nil)
+    static_register["one"]   = 1
+    static_register["two"]   = 2
     static_register["three"] = 3
 
     new_register = StaticRegisters.new(static_register)
     assert_equal({}, new_register.registers)
 
-    new_register["one"] = 4
-    new_register["two"] = 5
+    new_register["one"]   = 4
+    new_register["two"]   = 5
     new_register["three"] = 6
 
     newest_register = StaticRegisters.new(new_register)
     assert_equal({}, newest_register.registers)
 
-    newest_register["one"] = 7
-    newest_register["two"] = 8
+    newest_register["one"]   = 7
+    newest_register["two"]   = 8
     newest_register["three"] = 9
 
     assert_equal({ "one" => 1, "two" => 2, "three" => 3 }, static_register.registers)
@@ -182,23 +182,23 @@ class StaticRegistersUnitTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_multiple_instances_are_unique
-    static_register = StaticRegisters.new(nil => true, 1 => :one, :one => "one", "two" => 3, false => nil)
-    static_register["one"] = 1
-    static_register["two"] = 2
+    static_register          = StaticRegisters.new(nil => true, 1 => :one, :one => "one", "two" => 3, false => nil)
+    static_register["one"]   = 1
+    static_register["two"]   = 2
     static_register["three"] = 3
 
     new_register = StaticRegisters.new(foo: :bar)
     assert_equal({}, new_register.registers)
 
-    new_register["one"] = 4
-    new_register["two"] = 5
+    new_register["one"]   = 4
+    new_register["two"]   = 5
     new_register["three"] = 6
 
     newest_register = StaticRegisters.new(bar: :foo)
     assert_equal({}, newest_register.registers)
 
-    newest_register["one"] = 7
-    newest_register["two"] = 8
+    newest_register["one"]   = 7
+    newest_register["two"]   = 8
     newest_register["three"] = 9
 
     assert_equal({ "one" => 1, "two" => 2, "three" => 3 }, static_register.registers)
@@ -210,9 +210,9 @@ class StaticRegistersUnitTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def test_can_update_static_directly_and_updates_all_instances
-    static_register = StaticRegisters.new(nil => true, 1 => :one, :one => "one", "two" => 3, false => nil)
-    static_register["one"] = 1
-    static_register["two"] = 2
+    static_register          = StaticRegisters.new(nil => true, 1 => :one, :one => "one", "two" => 3, false => nil)
+    static_register["one"]   = 1
+    static_register["two"]   = 2
     static_register["three"] = 3
 
     new_register = StaticRegisters.new(static_register)
@@ -220,9 +220,9 @@ class StaticRegistersUnitTest < Minitest::Test
 
     assert_equal({ nil => true, 1 => :one, :one => "one", "two" => 3, false => nil }, static_register.static)
 
-    new_register["one"] = 4
-    new_register["two"] = 5
-    new_register["three"] = 6
+    new_register["one"]         = 4
+    new_register["two"]         = 5
+    new_register["three"]       = 6
     new_register.static["four"] = 10
 
     newest_register = StaticRegisters.new(new_register)
@@ -230,9 +230,9 @@ class StaticRegistersUnitTest < Minitest::Test
 
     assert_equal({ nil => true, 1 => :one, :one => "one", "two" => 3, false => nil, "four" => 10 }, new_register.static)
 
-    newest_register["one"] = 7
-    newest_register["two"] = 8
-    newest_register["three"] = 9
+    newest_register["one"]      = 7
+    newest_register["two"]      = 8
+    newest_register["three"]    = 9
     new_register.static["four"] = 5
     new_register.static["five"] = 15
 

test/unit/strainer_factory_unit_test.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'test_helper'
+
+class StrainerFactoryUnitTest < Minitest::Test
+  include Liquid
+
+  module AccessScopeFilters
+    def public_filter
+      "public"
+    end
+
+    def private_filter
+      "private"
+    end
+    private :private_filter
+  end
+
+  StrainerFactory.add_global_filter(AccessScopeFilters)
+
+  module LateAddedFilter
+    def late_added_filter(_input)
+      "filtered"
+    end
+  end
+
+  def setup
+    @context = Context.build
+  end
+
+  def test_strainer
+    strainer = StrainerFactory.create(@context)
+    assert_equal(5, strainer.invoke('size', 'input'))
+    assert_equal("public", strainer.invoke("public_filter"))
+  end
+
+  def test_stainer_raises_argument_error
+    strainer = StrainerFactory.create(@context)
+    assert_raises(Liquid::ArgumentError) do
+      strainer.invoke("public_filter", 1)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_stainer_argument_error_contains_backtrace
+    strainer = StrainerFactory.create(@context)
+
+    exception = assert_raises(Liquid::ArgumentError) do
+      strainer.invoke("public_filter", 1)
+    end
+
+    assert_match(
+      /\ALiquid error: wrong number of arguments \((1 for 0|given 1, expected 0)\)\z/,
+      exception.message
+    )
+    assert_equal(exception.backtrace[0].split(':')[0], __FILE__)
+  end
+
+  def test_strainer_only_invokes_public_filter_methods
+    strainer = StrainerFactory.create(@context)
+    assert_equal(false, strainer.class.invokable?('__test__'))
+    assert_equal(false, strainer.class.invokable?('test'))
+    assert_equal(false, strainer.class.invokable?('instance_eval'))
+    assert_equal(false, strainer.class.invokable?('__send__'))
+    assert_equal(true, strainer.class.invokable?('size')) # from the standard lib
+  end
+
+  def test_strainer_returns_nil_if_no_filter_method_found
+    strainer = StrainerFactory.create(@context)
+    assert_nil(strainer.invoke("private_filter"))
+    assert_nil(strainer.invoke("undef_the_filter"))
+  end
+
+  def test_strainer_returns_first_argument_if_no_method_and_arguments_given
+    strainer = StrainerFactory.create(@context)
+    assert_equal("password", strainer.invoke("undef_the_method", "password"))
+  end
+
+  def test_strainer_only_allows_methods_defined_in_filters
+    strainer = StrainerFactory.create(@context)
+    assert_equal("1 + 1", strainer.invoke("instance_eval", "1 + 1"))
+    assert_equal("puts",  strainer.invoke("__send__", "puts", "Hi Mom"))
+    assert_equal("has_method?", strainer.invoke("invoke", "has_method?", "invoke"))
+  end
+
+  def test_strainer_uses_a_class_cache_to_avoid_method_cache_invalidation
+    a = Module.new
+    b = Module.new
+    strainer = StrainerFactory.create(@context, [a, b])
+    assert_kind_of(StrainerTemplate, strainer)
+    assert_kind_of(a, strainer)
+    assert_kind_of(b, strainer)
+    assert_kind_of(Liquid::StandardFilters, strainer)
+  end
+
+  def test_add_global_filter_clears_cache
+    assert_equal('input', StrainerFactory.create(@context).invoke('late_added_filter', 'input'))
+    StrainerFactory.add_global_filter(LateAddedFilter)
+    assert_equal('filtered', StrainerFactory.create(nil).invoke('late_added_filter', 'input'))
+  end
+end

test/unit/strainer_template_unit_test.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'test_helper'
+
+class StrainerTemplateUnitTest < Minitest::Test
+  include Liquid
+
+  def test_add_filter_when_wrong_filter_class
+    c = Context.new
+    s = c.strainer
+    wrong_filter = ->(v) { v.reverse }
+
+    exception = assert_raises(TypeError) do
+      s.class.add_filter(wrong_filter)
+    end
+    assert_equal(exception.message, "wrong argument type Proc (expected Module)")
+  end
+
+  module PrivateMethodOverrideFilter
+    private
+
+    def public_filter
+      "overriden as private"
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_add_filter_raises_when_module_privately_overrides_registered_public_methods
+    strainer = Context.new.strainer
+
+    error = assert_raises(Liquid::MethodOverrideError) do
+      strainer.class.add_filter(PrivateMethodOverrideFilter)
+    end
+    assert_equal('Liquid error: Filter overrides registered public methods as non public: public_filter', error.message)
+  end
+
+  module ProtectedMethodOverrideFilter
+    protected
+
+    def public_filter
+      "overriden as protected"
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_add_filter_raises_when_module_overrides_registered_public_method_as_protected
+    strainer = Context.new.strainer
+
+    error = assert_raises(Liquid::MethodOverrideError) do
+      strainer.class.add_filter(ProtectedMethodOverrideFilter)
+    end
+    assert_equal('Liquid error: Filter overrides registered public methods as non public: public_filter', error.message)
+  end
+
+  module PublicMethodOverrideFilter
+    def public_filter
+      "public"
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_add_filter_does_not_raise_when_module_overrides_previously_registered_method
+    strainer = Context.new.strainer
+    with_global_filter do
+      strainer.class.add_filter(PublicMethodOverrideFilter)
+      assert(strainer.class.send(:filter_methods).include?('public_filter'))
+    end
+  end
+
+  def test_add_filter_does_not_include_already_included_module
+    mod = Module.new do
+      class << self
+        attr_accessor :include_count
+        def included(_mod)
+          self.include_count += 1
+        end
+      end
+      self.include_count = 0
+    end
+    strainer = Context.new.strainer
+    strainer.class.add_filter(mod)
+    strainer.class.add_filter(mod)
+    assert_equal(1, mod.include_count)
+  end
+end

test/unit/strainer_unit_test.rb

@@ -1,167 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-require 'test_helper'
-
-class StrainerUnitTest < Minitest::Test
-  include Liquid
-
-  module AccessScopeFilters
-    def public_filter
-      "public"
-    end
-
-    def private_filter
-      "private"
-    end
-    private :private_filter
-  end
-
-  Strainer.global_filter(AccessScopeFilters)
-
-  def test_strainer
-    strainer = Strainer.create(nil)
-    assert_equal(5, strainer.invoke('size', 'input'))
-    assert_equal("public", strainer.invoke("public_filter"))
-  end
-
-  def test_stainer_raises_argument_error
-    strainer = Strainer.create(nil)
-    assert_raises(Liquid::ArgumentError) do
-      strainer.invoke("public_filter", 1)
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_stainer_argument_error_contains_backtrace
-    strainer = Strainer.create(nil)
-    begin
-      strainer.invoke("public_filter", 1)
-    rescue Liquid::ArgumentError => e
-      assert_match(
-        /\ALiquid error: wrong number of arguments \((1 for 0|given 1, expected 0)\)\z/,
-        e.message
-      )
-      assert_equal(e.backtrace[0].split(':')[0], __FILE__)
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_strainer_only_invokes_public_filter_methods
-    strainer = Strainer.create(nil)
-    assert_equal(false, strainer.class.invokable?('__test__'))
-    assert_equal(false, strainer.class.invokable?('test'))
-    assert_equal(false, strainer.class.invokable?('instance_eval'))
-    assert_equal(false, strainer.class.invokable?('__send__'))
-    assert_equal(true, strainer.class.invokable?('size')) # from the standard lib
-  end
-
-  def test_strainer_returns_nil_if_no_filter_method_found
-    strainer = Strainer.create(nil)
-    assert_nil(strainer.invoke("private_filter"))
-    assert_nil(strainer.invoke("undef_the_filter"))
-  end
-
-  def test_strainer_returns_first_argument_if_no_method_and_arguments_given
-    strainer = Strainer.create(nil)
-    assert_equal("password", strainer.invoke("undef_the_method", "password"))
-  end
-
-  def test_strainer_only_allows_methods_defined_in_filters
-    strainer = Strainer.create(nil)
-    assert_equal("1 + 1", strainer.invoke("instance_eval", "1 + 1"))
-    assert_equal("puts",  strainer.invoke("__send__", "puts", "Hi Mom"))
-    assert_equal("has_method?", strainer.invoke("invoke", "has_method?", "invoke"))
-  end
-
-  def test_strainer_uses_a_class_cache_to_avoid_method_cache_invalidation
-    a = Module.new
-    b = Module.new
-    strainer = Strainer.create(nil, [a, b])
-    assert_kind_of(Strainer, strainer)
-    assert_kind_of(a, strainer)
-    assert_kind_of(b, strainer)
-    assert_kind_of(Liquid::StandardFilters, strainer)
-  end
-
-  def test_add_filter_when_wrong_filter_class
-    c = Context.new
-    s = c.strainer
-    wrong_filter = ->(v) { v.reverse }
-
-    assert_raises ArgumentError do
-      s.class.add_filter(wrong_filter)
-    end
-  end
-
-  module PrivateMethodOverrideFilter
-    private
-
-    def public_filter
-      "overriden as private"
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_add_filter_raises_when_module_privately_overrides_registered_public_methods
-    strainer = Context.new.strainer
-
-    error = assert_raises(Liquid::MethodOverrideError) do
-      strainer.class.add_filter(PrivateMethodOverrideFilter)
-    end
-    assert_equal('Liquid error: Filter overrides registered public methods as non public: public_filter', error.message)
-  end
-
-  module ProtectedMethodOverrideFilter
-    protected
-
-    def public_filter
-      "overriden as protected"
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_add_filter_raises_when_module_overrides_registered_public_method_as_protected
-    strainer = Context.new.strainer
-
-    error = assert_raises(Liquid::MethodOverrideError) do
-      strainer.class.add_filter(ProtectedMethodOverrideFilter)
-    end
-    assert_equal('Liquid error: Filter overrides registered public methods as non public: public_filter', error.message)
-  end
-
-  module PublicMethodOverrideFilter
-    def public_filter
-      "public"
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_add_filter_does_not_raise_when_module_overrides_previously_registered_method
-    strainer = Context.new.strainer
-    strainer.class.add_filter(PublicMethodOverrideFilter)
-    assert(strainer.class.filter_methods.include?('public_filter'))
-  end
-
-  module LateAddedFilter
-    def late_added_filter(_input)
-      "filtered"
-    end
-  end
-
-  def test_global_filter_clears_cache
-    assert_equal('input', Strainer.create(nil).invoke('late_added_filter', 'input'))
-    Strainer.global_filter(LateAddedFilter)
-    assert_equal('filtered', Strainer.create(nil).invoke('late_added_filter', 'input'))
-  end
-
-  def test_add_filter_does_not_include_already_included_module
-    mod = Module.new do
-      class << self
-        attr_accessor :include_count
-        def included(_mod)
-          self.include_count += 1
-        end
-      end
-      self.include_count = 0
-    end
-    strainer = Context.new.strainer
-    strainer.class.add_filter(mod)
-    strainer.class.add_filter(mod)
-    assert_equal(1, mod.include_count)
-  end
-end # StrainerTest

test/unit/tag_unit_test.rb

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ class TagUnitTest < Minitest::Test
 
       assert_equal 'hello', template.render
 
-      buf = +''
+      buf    = +''
       output = template.render({}, output: buf)
       assert_equal 'hello', output
       assert_equal 'hello', buf
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ class TagUnitTest < Minitest::Test
 
       assert_equal 'foohellobar', template.render
 
-      buf = +''
+      buf    = +''
       output = template.render({}, output: buf)
       assert_equal 'foohellobar', output
       assert_equal 'foohellobar', buf

test/unit/template_factory_unit_test.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+require 'test_helper'
+
+class TemplateFactoryUnitTest < Minitest::Test
+  include Liquid
+
+  def test_for_returns_liquid_template_instance
+    template = TemplateFactory.new.for("anything")
+    assert_instance_of(Liquid::Template, template)
+  end
+end

test/unit/template_unit_test.rb

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ class TemplateUnitTest < Minitest::Test
 
   def test_with_cache_classes_tags_returns_the_same_class
     original_cache_setting = Liquid.cache_classes
-    Liquid.cache_classes = true
+    Liquid.cache_classes   = true
 
     original_klass = Class.new
     Object.send(:const_set, :CustomTag, original_klass)
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ class TemplateUnitTest < Minitest::Test
 
   def test_without_cache_classes_tags_reloads_the_class
     original_cache_setting = Liquid.cache_classes
-    Liquid.cache_classes = false
+    Liquid.cache_classes   = false
 
     original_klass = Class.new
     Object.send(:const_set, :CustomTag, original_klass)

test/unit/tokenizer_unit_test.rb

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ class TokenizerTest < Minitest::Test
 
   def tokenize(source)
     tokenizer = Liquid::Tokenizer.new(source)
-    tokens = []
+    tokens    = []
     while (t = tokenizer.shift)
       tokens << t
     end
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ class TokenizerTest < Minitest::Test
   end
 
   def tokenize_line_numbers(source)
-    tokenizer = Liquid::Tokenizer.new(source, true)
+    tokenizer    = Liquid::Tokenizer.new(source, true)
     line_numbers = []
     loop do
       line_number = tokenizer.line_number